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研究生: 張佑駿
Chang, Yu-Jun
論文名稱: 四旋翼飛行器軌跡控制器的設計與實現
Design and Implementation of Trajectory Controllers for Quadrotors
指導教授: 呂藝光
Leu, Yih-Guang
口試委員: 呂藝光
Leu, Yih-Guang
吳政郎
Wu, Jenq-Lang
陶金旺
Tao, Chin-Wang
鄭錦聰
Jeng, Jin-Tsong
莊鎮嘉
Chuang, Chen-Chia
口試日期: 2024/07/30
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 68
中文關鍵詞: 四旋翼飛行器循跡控制高度控制模糊控制
英文關鍵詞: Quadcopter, tracking control, altitude control, fuzzy control
研究方法: 實驗設計法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401790
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:15下載:0
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  • 本文使用串級模糊PID控制器來進行四旋翼飛行器完成循跡控制飛行任務,分析四旋翼飛行器的運動學,包括運動模型與運動方程式,在此基礎上,利用串級PID控制針對飛行器的角度與角速度進行姿態控制,後續增加模糊控制,利用模糊理論特性修改PID參數,使四旋翼飛行器在飛行時更穩定,最後利用感測器接收的訊號來判斷四旋翼飛行器的位置,以此達成更穩定的控制與軌跡追蹤,並使其能夠更精確地達到預定目標位置。
    最後進行實驗比較和分析,所提出的控制方法能有效實現對四旋翼飛行器的飛行控制與穩定性,並結合感測器使四旋翼飛行器完成循跡控制。

    This thesis uses the cascade fuzzy PID controller to complete the tracking control flight mission of the quadcopter, and analyzes the kinematics of the quadcopter, including the motion models and motion equations. On this basis, the cascade PID control is used to control the angle and angle of the quadcopter. The angular velocity is used for attitude control, and fuzzy control is added later. The fuzzy theory characteristics are used to modify the PID parameters to make the quadcopter more stable during flight. Finally, the signal received by the sensor is used to determine the position of the quadcopter to achieve a more stable control and trajectory tracking, and enable it to reach the predetermined target position more accurately.
    Finally, experimental comparison and analysis are conducted. The proposed control method can effectively realize the flight control and stability of the quad-rotor aircraft, and combined with the sensor, the quad-rotor aircraft can complete tracking control.Finally, experimental comparison and analysis are conducted. The proposed control method can effectively realize the flight control and stability of the quad-rotor aircraft, and combined with the sensor, the quad-rotor aircraft can complete tracking control.

    第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與背景 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究方法 2 1.4 論文架構 2 第二章 文獻探討 4 2.1 四旋翼飛行器之運動模型 4 2.2 四元數 7 2.3 低通濾波器 8 2.4 卡爾曼濾波器 9 第三章 四旋翼飛行器架構 10 3.1 系統架構 10 3.2硬體架構與設備 11 3.2.1 微控制器 11 3.2.2 直流有刷馬達 11 3.2.3 螺旋槳 12 3.2.4 電池 12 3.2.5 MPU6050姿態感測器 12 3.2.6 距離感測器 13 3.2.7 雷射感測器 14 3.3 軟體架構 15 3.3.1 四旋翼飛行器姿態控制與高度控制 15 3.3.2 流程架構 17 3.4飛行運動 18 第四章 四旋翼飛行器控制設計 22 4.1 控制系統 22 4.1.1 PID控制器 22 4.1.2 串級PID控制 23 4.2 模糊理論 25 4.2.1 模糊化 25 4.2.2推論引擎與模糊規則 28 4.2.3 解模糊化 29 4.3 串級模糊PID控制 30 第五章 實驗與分析 31 5.1 實驗介紹 31 5.2 四旋翼飛行器動力測試 31 5.3 四旋翼飛行器角度測試 33 5.4 四旋翼飛行器懸停測試 42 5.5 四旋翼飛行器循跡測試 48 5.5.1 四旋翼飛行器直線循跡測試 49 5.5.2 四旋翼飛行器斜線循跡測試 57 第六章 結論與展望 65 6.1 結論 65 6.2 未來展望 65 參 考 文 獻 66

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