研究生: |
林秋翠 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
從華語課堂師生觀點探討偏誤改正 Investigating Error Correction in Chinese Language Learning through the Perspectives of Teachers and Students |
指導教授: |
葉德明
Yeh, Teh-Ming |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
華語文教學系 Department of Chinese as a Second Language |
論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 108 |
中文關鍵詞: | 偏誤改正 、教師信念 、學習者信念 |
英文關鍵詞: | Error correction, Teacher’s beliefs, Learner’s beliefs |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:257 下載:25 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究主題為「從華語師生觀點探討偏誤改正」,旨在針對華語課堂師生偏誤改正觀點之異同進行全面探討。
研究方法以質化研究法之結構化訪談為主要工具,提高師生雙方之可比較性。訪談大綱根據Hendrickson對偏誤改正所提出五個偏誤改正基本問題為基本架構。探討內容分為五個部分:一、偏誤改正的基本態度,二、改正時機,三、改正者,四、改正策略,五、教師強化。受訪對象為以華語為第二語言教學課室之師生。本研究根據訪談語料分析師生觀點背後之信念,同時也依數據統計具體呈現師生對各項問題之態度。
研究結果發現,一、對於偏誤改正,師生均認為初級與中級程度不同,因此應有所調整,二、對於改正者,學生方面有半數學生無法接受同儕改正,教師需適度地鼓勵,三、改正時機應視課室活動類型而定,四、對於改正策略及強化技巧,師生在語音、語法、詞彙偏誤改正方面之偏好排序各有不同。
最後本研究提出兩點建議:一、重視「偏誤改正」相關理論與訓練,二、建立「偏誤改正工具箱」概念。
The topic of this study is “Investigating error correction in Chinese language learning through the perspectives of teachers and students,” and it aims to make a thorough exploration of the various perspectives of teachers and students of the Chinese language.
In order to increase the comparability of student and teacher perspectives, the primary research method used is qualitative research’s structured interviews. The interviews take Hendrickson’s five fundamental questions for error correction as their basic framework. Five areas are studied: (1) fundamental attitudes regarding error correction; (2) correction timing; (3) the corrector; (4) strategies for correction; and (5) teacher reinforcement. The interview subjects are students and teachers of Chinese as a second language and the content of interviews is used to analyze teachers’ and students’ underlying beliefs regarding error correction. In addition, statistical analysis is used to map attitudes in each area.
The results of this study find that: (1) Both teachers and students believe error correction of beginner and intermediate students should be carried out differently. (2) Regarding the corrector, 50% of students are unable to accept peer correction, and teachers should provide appropriate encouragement. (3) Correction timing should vary depending on the type of classroom activity. (4) In terms of correction strategy and reinforcement techniques, teachers and students hold different orders of preference for error correction of pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary.
Finally, two suggestions are made: Firstly, theory and training on error correction should receive sufficient attention. Secondly, the concept of an “error correction toolbox” should be established, providing teachers with an array of strategies to serve the needs of different situations.
中文文獻
佐斌等譯 (2004)。Lefrancois原著。教學的藝術。北京:華夏出版社
呂以榮譯 (1992)。N. Oppenheim 原著。問卷設計、訪談及態度測量。
姚道中 (2005)。中文老師及學生對糾錯的態度︰初步報告。載於李振清、陳雅芬、梁新欣(編)。中文教學理論與實踐的回顧與展望︰慶祝趙智超教授榮退學術研討會論文集(pp.143-159)。台北市︰師大書苑。
施玉惠譯 (2000) 。H. Douglas Brown原著。外語學習指南(十五週成功之策略課程)。台北市:東華書局
洪素華編譯 (2001)。Michael Lewis & Jimmie Hill原著。實用英語教學技巧(Practical techniques for language teaching)。台北︰優百科國際
夏林清等譯 (2005)。Altrichter, Posch & Somekh原著。行動研究方法導論:教師動手做研究。台北市:遠流。
張德 (1987) 。心理學(修訂本)。東北師範大學出版社
敖群、黃偉嘉(2006)。糾正學生的聲調錯誤對我們的挑戰。世界華語文教學研究會會前論文集第八屆世界華語文教育學會編。台北︰世界華文
黃光雄主譯 (2001)。Robert C. Bogdan Sare Knopp Biklin原著。質化教育研究:理論與方法。 (qualitative Research for Education: an Introduction to Theory and Methods),p138。嘉義市:濤石文化
葉德明 (2006)。華語文教學規範與理論基礎-華語文為第二語言教學理論芻議。台北︰師大書苑
靳洪剛 (2006)。ACC培訓手冊。美國各大學聯合漢語中心(未出版)
管燕紅譯 (1998)。Teaching & Applied Linguistics 。Richards, J. C., Platt, J., &Platt, H.原著。朗文語言教學及硬語言學辭典(Long2man Dictionary of Language香港:培生教育出版亞洲有限公司。
劉珣 (2002)。漢語作為第二語言教學簡論。北京︰北京語言大學出版社。
羅肇錦 (1989)。國語學。台北市︰五南出版社。
論文
李曉萱 (2000)。華語文教師教學專業知能之探究。台北市︰國立示範大學碩士論文(未出版)。
許淑良 (2005)。在華語與非華語環境下華語教與學現象之探討-以美國與台灣兩所大學之華語課程為例。台北市︰國立示範大學碩士論文(未出版)。
陳宜秀 (2005)。華語教師的文法教學信念之研究。台北市︰國立示範大學碩士論文(未出版)。
黃雅秋 (2008)。初級華語課堂教師進行語言篇誤改正教學方式之個案研究。台北市︰國立示範大學碩士論文(未出版)。
黃儀瑄 (2007)。外籍華語學習者學習焦慮之狀況、原因與因應方式初探。台北市︰國立示範大學碩士論文(未出版)。
蹇榮 (2005)。大學英語課堂糾錯。終南林業科技大學國語學院。1994-2008 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. http://www.cnki.net。
期刊
邵水平(1999)。英語課堂糾錯初探。廈門教育學院學報。(1):65-68
郝小梅 (2003)。錯誤分析語課堂糾錯原則。雲南師範大學學報。(2):74-76。
陶穎 (1996)。對大學英語教師糾錯的分析及建議。齊齊哈爾師範學院學報。(1):83-85。
黃成鳳 (2003)。英語口語糾錯策略。廣西教育學院學報。(5):139-142。
賈梁豫 (2003)。教學藝術語綜合外語教學中的糾錯。解放軍外國語學院學報。56- 60.
教材
國立台灣師範大學國語中心 (1999)。實用視聽華語2(上/下册)。台北市:正中書局。
國立台灣師範大學國語中心 (2007)新版視聽華語5。台北市:正中書局。
葉德明(主編)(2002)。遠東生活華語BookIII。台北市:遠東圖書出版。
商業會話一
工具書
Richard, J. C. et al.(2002). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguage. UK:Longman Group UK Limited. 霍慶文主編(2002)。朗文語言教學及應用語言學辭典。北京:外語教學與研究出版社。
英文文獻
Allport G. (1935). Attitude In C. Murchison (ed.) Handbook of Mass: Clark
University Press.
Allwright, D., & Bailey, K. ( 1991). Focus on the language classroom. Camgridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Brown H. Douglas(2000), Principles of language leanrning and teaching.(4th ed).,
New York: Longman.
Carlson E. (1956)Attitude change through modification of attitude structure. Journal
of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 52.256-61
Carroll Susanne &Swain Nerrill. (1993). Explicit and implicit negative feedback: An
empirical study of the learning of linguistic generalizations. Studies of second
language acquisition, 15(3), 357-386
Carroll, S., M. Swain, and Y. Roberge. The role of feedback in Adult second lang-
uage acquisition: error correction and morphological generalizations. Applied
Psycholinguistics, (13):173-198.
Cathcart , Ruth L. & Judy E. W. B. Olsen(1976). Teachers’ and Students’
prelferences for correction of classroom conversation errors. In John Fanselow
and Ruth H. Crymes(eds.), On TESOL 76, Washington: TESOL.
Chaudron, Craig. (1988). Second language classroom: Research on teacher and
learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Chaurdron, Craig. (1977). A descriptive model of discourse in the corrective treatment of learners’ errors. Language Learning, 27,29-46
Cohen, D. Andrew (1975). Error Correction and the Training of Language Teachers:
Modern Language Journal, 59,414-422
Corder, S. Pit. (1967). The significance of learner’s errors. International review of
Applied Linguistics. 5, 161-170
Doughty, C., & Varela, C. (1998). Pedagogical choices in focus on form. In C.
Doughty & J. Williams (Eds.), Focus on form in classroom language acquisition
(pp. 197–262). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Doughty, C., & Williams, J. (1998). Issues and terminology. In C. Dought & willams
J.(Eds). Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition(pp.10-11).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ellis, R(1994), The Study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
Ellis, R(1994a). A theory of instructed second language acquisition. In N. C.
Ellis(Ed.), Implicit and explicit learning of languages. San Diego, CA:
Academic Press.
Fanselow, John. F. (1977). The treatment of error in oral work. Foreign language
Annual. 10(4), 583-593.
Hendrikson, J.(1978). Error correction in foreign language teaching: Recent theory,
research, and practice. Modern Language Journal, 62, 387-398
Johnson, K.(1988)Mistkae correction. English Language Teaching (ELT)Journal. 42,
2: 89097
Krashen, Stephan D. & Herbert W. Seliger. The Essential Contributions of Formal
Instruction in Adult Second Language Learning. TSOL quarterly 9173-183
Larsen-Freem, Diane. (1985).Techniques and principles in language teaching.
Oxford University Press.
Larsen-Freem, Diane.(1986)Techniques and Principples in Language Teaching.New
York: Oxford University Press.
Lasagabaster, David & Sierra, Juan Manuel. (2005). Error Correction: Students’
versus Teachers’ Perceptions. Language Awareness, 14(2-3), 112-127
Long, M. & Porter, P. (1985).Group work, interlanguage talk, and second language
acquisition. TESOL Quarterly 19:207-228.
Lyster, Roy & Ranta, Leia. (1997). Corrective Feedback and Learner Uptake:
Negotiation of Form in Communicative Classrooms. Studies in Second
Language Acquistion, 46-49
Lyster, Roy. (1998). Negotiation of from, recasts and explicit correction in relation to
error types and learner repair in immersion classrooms. Language learning,
48(2)183-218.
Mitchell, R. (1988) “Researching into communicative language teaching”, Annual
Review of Applied Linguistics, vol. 8, 109-25.
Oliever, R.,(2003). Interactionalcontext and Feedback in child ESL Classroom.
Modern Language Learning Journal,87, 519-533.
Panova, I., & Lyster, R. (2002). Patterns of Corrective Feedback and Uptake in an
Adult ESL Classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 36(4), 573-595.
Porter, P. (1986).How learners talk to each other: input and interaction in
task-centered discussions. In Day(ed.) Talking to Learn: Conversation in
Second language Acquisition. Rowley, Mass: Newbury House.
Robbins, Margaredt. (1977). Arror Explanations: AProcedure for Examining Written
Interlanguage Per forrmance. M.A. Thesis. LA: University of California
Roberts, M. (1995). Awareness and the Efficacy of Error Correction. In R.
Schmidt(Ed.). Attention and Awareness in Foreign Language Learning(pp.
162-182). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Second Language Teaching and
Curriculum Center.
Rutherford, W. E. and Michael Sharwood-Smith (1988) Grammar and the Second
Language Teacher: A Book of Readings, Heinle & Heinle Publishers.
Schmidt, R., & Frota, (1986). Developing basic conversational ability in a second
language: A case study of adult of Portuguese. In R. day(Ed.), Talking to
learn.(pp.237-326)
Shi Guang (2004).Corrective Feedback and Learner Uptake: the Case of EFL
Middle School Classroom. 1994-2008China Academic Journal Electronic
Publishing House.
Skinner, B. F.(1968). The technology of teaching. New York: Appleton –
Century-Crofts.
Spada, N., and P. Lightbown. (1993). Instruction and the Development of Questions
in L2 Classrooms. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 15, 205-224.
Vigil, Heddy A., and Oller, John. (1976). Rule fossilization: tentative model.
Language Learning 26, p.281-295
Walz, Joel C.(1982). Error Correction Techniques for the FL Classroom.Washington
DC, NW.
Yao, Shujen Susan. (2000). Focus on form in the foreign language classroom [electronic resource] : EFL college learners' attitudes toward error correction Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo
Yong, Dolly Jesusita. (1999). Affect in foreign language and second language
learning-A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere