幽默作為促進人際相處關係的重要因素，善用的好處不勝枚舉。然而隨著發展定義出幽默存在著正負面類型的情況下，不同的風格確實影響會帶來不同的感受和表現。本研究主要探究在企業環境下，部屬知覺主管不同幽默風格對其正負情感的作用，以及情感在幽默與對主管信任的中介效果。研究採取網路問卷調查之方式，針對在職工作者進行兩時點的資料蒐集，原回收181份，刪除無效問卷後，有效問卷為174份，有效回收率96.13%。研究結果發現：（1）親和型幽默與正向情感呈正相關，攻擊型幽默與負向情感呈正相關；（2）正向情感中介親和型幽默與情感信任之正向關係，負向情感則中介攻擊型幽默與情感信任之正負向關係。

Humor is an important factor when it comes to promoting interpersonal relationships, the benefits of proper conduct are numerous. However, since there are positive and negative ways to interpret humor, it can affect one’s feelings and reactions to it in different cases. This study attempts to understand how subordinates perceive their supervisor’s humor style, and the mediating effect of trust and humor towards their leader. This research collects its data with a questionnaire, which is conducted in two separate occasions. After deleting the invalid responses, 174 out of 181 questionnaires are used as data, and the response rate is 96.13%. The results indicate that: (1) affiliative humor is positively associated with positive affectivity, and aggressive humor is positively associated with negative affectivity; (2) positive affectivity mediated the relationship between affiliative humor and affect-based trust, whereas negative affectivity mediated the relationship between aggressive humor and affect-based trust.

王亞德（2014）。組織信任對工作投入影響之研究-以工作滿意度為中介變項。科技與人力教育季刊，1(2)，1-19。
王建雅、陳學志（2010）。八向度幽默風格量表之發展暨其與自尊、人格特質、依附風格關係之探討（未出版之博士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學，台北市。
韦慧民、龙立荣（2009）。主管认知信任和情感信任对员工行为及绩效的影响。心理学报，41(1)，86-94。
余明助（2006）。組織變革不確定感與員工工作態度關係之研究-以組織溝通和員工信任為中介變數。人力資源管理學報，6(2)，89-110。http://dx.doi.org/10.6147%2fJHRM.2006.0602.05
吳宗祐（2008）。主管威權領導與部屬的工作滿意度與組織承諾: 信任的中介歷程與情緒智力的調節效果。本土心理學研究，(30)，3-63。http://dx.doi.org/10.6254%2f2008.30.3
呂思齊、黃智、周式瀅、林淑慧(2015)。領導者與部屬關係之後果分析：主管信任之中介分析。勞資關係論叢，17(2)，1-13。
林家五、張秀如、張書豪、施建彬、胡宛仙（2011）。團隊回復力形成機制分析：團隊正面情感的中介角色。人力資源管理學報，11(2)，25-46。http://dx.doi.org/10.6147%2fJHRM.2011.1102.03
林耀南、陳怡芳（2011）。女性工作者之怕被笑特質、幽默感、自尊與同事關係品質之關聯性影響。Journal of Data Analysis，6(5)，31-55。http://dx.doi.org/10.6338%2fJDA.201110_6(5).0003
林耀南、楊婉如（2008）。多向度幽默感對自尊、工作倦怠與工作滿足之影響－以第一線服務人員為例。商管科技季刊，9(4)，417-442。http://dx.doi.org/10.30083%2fCMQ.200812.0001
洪贊凱、曾鈺雯（2012）。從印象管理觀點探討組織個體政治技巧與建言行為之關係。人力資源管理學報，12(2)，1-23。http://dx.doi.org/10.6147/JHRM.2011.1202.01
姜定宇、丁捷、林伶瑾（2012）。家長式領導與部屬效能：信任主管與不信任主管的中介效果。中華心理學刊，54(3)，269-291。http://dx.doi.org/10.6129%2fCJP.2012.5403.01
張春興（2004）。教育心理學－三化取向的理論與實踐。台北，東華。
許道然（2001）。組織信任之研究：一個整合性觀點。空大行政學報，11，253-295。
陳志忠、王翊安、吳守從（2016）。探討餐旅業員工正負向情感特質與組織公民行為，離職傾向之關係-兼論工作家庭衝突之中介效果。觀光與休閒管理期刊，4(1)，67-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.6510%2fJTLM.4(1).07
陳懷傑、李弘暉、郭建志、程晟（2018）。道德領導與員工建言行為: 情感信任與團隊成員關係衝突知覺的中介角色研究。人力資源管理學報，18(2)，69-97。http://dx.doi.org/10.6147%2fJHRM.201812_18(2).0003
彭台光、高月慈、林鉦棽（2006）。管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質，影響，測試和補救。管理學報，23(1)，77-98。http://dx.doi.org/10.6504%2fJOM.2006.23.01.05
廖述賢、費吳琛、王儀雯（2006）。信任關係、工作滿足與知識分享關聯性之研究。人力資源管理學報，6(3)，23-44。http://dx.doi.org/10.6147%2fJHRM.2006.0603.02
廖國鋒、張瑞文、王湧水（2006）。領導型態，情緒智力與員工關係品質及工作投入關係之探討。輔仁管理評論，13(3)，111-136。http://dx.doi.org/10.29698%2fFJMR.200609.0005
廖國鋒、費吳琛、丁文養（2005）。自我管理團隊目標互賴性、團隊成員互動過程對團隊信任影響之研究。管理與系統，12(2)，53-73。
鄭仁偉、黎士群（2001）。組織公平、信任與知識分享行為之關係研究。人力資源管理學報，1(2)，69-93。
Alper, S., Tjosvold, D., & Law, K. S. (1998). Interdependence and controversy in group decision making: Antecedents to effective self-managing teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 74(1), 33-52. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.1998.2748
Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the workplace: A reappraisal. Human Relations, 48(2), 97-125. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F001872679504800201
Avolio, B. J., Howell, J. M., & Sosik, J. J. (1999). A funny thing happened on the way to the bottom line: Humor as a moderator of leadership style effects. Academy of Management Journal, 42(2), 219-227. https://doi.org/10.5465/257094
Bartel, C. A., & Saavedra, R. (2000). The collective construction of work group moods. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45(2), 197-231. https://doi.org/10.2307/2667070
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., Losch, M. E., & Kim, H. S. (1986). Electromyographic activity over facial muscle regions can differentiate the valence and intensity of affective reactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 260-268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.260
Cann, A., Zapata, C. L., & Davis, H. B. (2009). Positive and negative styles of humor in communication: Evidence for the importance of considering both styles. Communication Quarterly, 57(4), 452-468. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370903313398
Carlson, M., Charlin, V., & Miller, N. (1988). Positive mood and helping behavior: a test of six hypotheses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(2), 211-229. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.55.2.211
Carnevale, D. G., & Wechsler, B. (1992). Trust in the public sector: Individual and organizational determinants. Administration & Society, 23(4), 471-494. https://doi.org/10.1177/009539979202300404
Carroll, J. L., & Shmidt Jr, J. L. (1992). Correlation between humorous coping style and health. Psychological Reports, 70(2), 402-402. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.2.402
Caudill, A., & Woodzicka, J. (2017). Funny business: Using humor for good in the workplace. Humor, 30(1), 43-62. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2016-0039
Chen, P. Y., & Spector, P. E. (1991). Negative affectivity as the underlying cause of correlations between stressors and strains. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(3), 398-407. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.76.3.398
Chiu, R. K., & Kosinski Jr, F. A. (1999). The role of affective dispositions in job satisfaction and work strain: Comparing collectivist and individualist societies. International Journal of Psychology, 34(1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/002075999400078
Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non‐fulfilment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1980.tb00005.x
Cooper, C. (2008). Elucidating the bonds of workplace humor: A relational process model. Human Relations, 61(8), 1087-1115. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726708094861
Cooper, C. D., Kong, D. T., & Crossley, C. D. (2018). Leader humor as an interpersonal resource: Integrating three theoretical perspectives. Academy of Management Journal, 61, 769-796. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2014.0358
Craik, K. H., Lampert, M. D., & Nelson, A. J. (1996). Sense of humor and styles of everyday humorous conduct. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 9(3/4), 273-302. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1996.9.3-4.273
Grandey, A. A., Tam, A. P., & Brauburger, A. L. (2002). Affective states and traits in the workplace: Diary and survey data from young workers. Motivation and Emotion, 26(1), 31-55. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015142124306
Cropanzano, R., James, K., & Konovsky, M. A. (1993). Dispositional affectivity as a predictor of work attitudes and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(6), 595-606. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140609
Decker, W. H. (1987). Managerial humor and subordinate satisfaction. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 15(2), 225-232. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1987.15.2.225
Decker, W. H., & Rotondo, D. M. (2001). Relationships Among Gender, Type Of Humor, And Perceived Leader Effectiveness. Journal of Managerial Issues, 13(4), 450-465.
Dirks, K. T. (2000). Trust in leadership and team performance: Evidence from NCAA basketball. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), 1004-1012. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.1004
Dixon, N. F. (1980) Humor: a cognitive alternative to stress? In I. G. Sarason & C. D. Speilberger (Eds.), Stress and Anxiety, 7, 281-289. Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
Duncan, W. J. (1982). Humor in management: Prospects for administrative practice and research. Academy of Management Review, 7(1), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1982.4285511
Dwyer, T. (1991). Humor, power, and change in organizations. Human Relations, 44(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679104400101
Epitropaki, O., & Martin, R. (2005). The moderating role of individual differences in the relation between transformational/transactional leadership perceptions and organizational identification. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(4), 569-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.06.005
Fitness, J. (2000). Anger in the workplace: an emotion script approach to anger episodes between workers and their superiors, co‐workers and subordinates. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 21(2), 147-162. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(200003)21:2<147::AID-JOB35>3.0.CO;2-T
Ford, T. E., Lappi, S. K., & Holden, C. J. (2016). Personality, humor styles and happiness: Happy people have positive humor styles. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 12(3), 320. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v12i3.1160
Fry, W. (1994). The biology of humor. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 7, 111-126. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1994.7.2.111
Frijda, N. H. (1993). Thompsone place of appraisal in emotion. Cognitive & Emotion, 7(3-4), 357-387.
Frijda, N. H. (1999). Emotions and hedonic experience. In E. D. Kahneman & N. Schwarz (Eds.). Well-being the foundations of hedonic psychology, 190-210. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Fulmer, C. A., & Gelfand, M. J. (2012). At what level (and in whom) we trust: Trust across multiple organizational levels. Journal of Management, 38(4), 1167-1230. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0149206312439327
George, J. M. (1992). The role of personality in organizational life: Issues and evidence. Journal of Management, 18(2), 185-213. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639201800201
George, J. M. (2000). Emotions and leadership: The role of emotional intelligence. Human Relations, 53(8), 1027-1055. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700538001
George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2007). Dual tuning in a supportive context: Joint contributions of positive mood, negative mood, and supervisory behaviors to employee creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 50(3), 605-622. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.25525934
Gino, F., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2008). Blinded by anger or feeling the love: how emotions influence advice taking. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(5), 1165-1173. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.5.1165
Gkorezis, P., Hatzithomas, L., & Petridou, E. (2011). The impact of leader's humor on employees' psychological empowerment: The moderating role of tenure. Journal of Managerial Issues, 23(1), 83-95.
Goldstein, J. H., Fry, W., & Salameh, W. (1987). Therapeutic effects of laughter. Handbook of humor and psychotherapy: Advances in the clinical use of humor, 1-19.
Goswami, A., Nair, P., Beehr, T., & Grossenbacher, M. (2016). The relationship of leaders’ humor and employees’ work engagement mediated by positive emotions: Moderating effect of leaders’ transformational leadership style. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 37(8), 1083-1099. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-01-2015-0001
Gu, J., Huang, N., & Li, S. (2019). When Aggressive Humor Impairs Job Engagement? It Depends on the Perceived Injury Motivation. In 2019 International Conference on Politics, Economics and Management.
Hosmer, L. T. (1995). Trust: The connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics. Academy of management Review, 20(2), 379-403. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9507312923
Hui, C., Law, K. S., & Chen, Z. X. (1999). A structural equation model of the effects of negative affectivity, leader-member exchange, and perceived job mobility on in-role and extra-role performance: A Chinese case. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 77(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.1998.2812
Huo, Y., Lam, W. & Chen, Z. (2012). Am I the only one this supervisor is laughing at? Effects of aggressive humor on employee strain and addictive behaviors. Personnel Psychology, 65, 859-885. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12004
Isen, A. M. (1990). The influence of positive and negative affect on cognitive organization: Some implications for development. Psychological and Biological Approaches o Emotion, 75-94.
Izard, C. E. (1991). The psychology of emotions. Springer Science & Business Media.
James, W. (1884). What is an emotion? Mind, 9, 188-204.
Jones, G. R., & George, J. M. (1998). The experience and evolution of trust: Implications for cooperation and teamwork. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 531-546. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926625
Keltner, D., & Lerner, J. S. (2010). Emotion. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindsay (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (5th ed., pp.312–347). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470561119.socpsy001009
Kim, T. Y., Lee, D. R., & Wong, N. Y. S. (2016). Supervisor humor and employee outcomes: The role of social distance and affective trust in supervisor. Journal of Business and Psychology, 31(1), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-015-9406-9
Kirsh, G. A., & Kuiper, N. A. (2003). Positive and negative aspects of sense of humor: Associations with the constructs of individualism and relatedness. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 16(1), 33-62. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.2003.004
Kong, D. T., Cooper, C. D., & Sosik, J. J. (2019). The state of research on leader humor. Organizational Psychology Review, 9(1), 3-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386619846948
Kouzes, J. M. and Posner, B. Z. (1987). The Leadership Challenge: How to get Extraordinary Things done in Organizations, San Francisco: JosseyBass.
Krantzler, N., and Miner, K. (1994). Mental and emotional health: Health facts. ETR Associates.
Kuiper, N. A., Kirsh, G. A., & Leite, C. (2010). Reactions to humorous comments and implicit theories of humor styles. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 236-266. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v6i3.215
Lazarus, R. (1991). Cognition and Motivation in Emotion. American Psychologist, 46(4), 352-367. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.46.4.352
Lee, D. (2015). The impact of leader's humor on employees' creativity: The moderating role of trust in leader. Seoul Journal of Business, 21(1), 59-86.
Legood, A., van der Werff, L., Lee, A., den Hartog, D., & van Knippenberg, D. (2022). A Critical Review of the Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Empirical Literature on Cognition‐Based and Affect‐Based Trust. Journal of Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12811
Lefcourt, H. M. & Martin, R A. (1986). Humor and life stress. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Lefcourt, H. M. (2001). Humor: The psychology of living buoyantly. Springer Science & Business Media.
Lewicki, R. J., & Bunker, B. B. (1996). Developing and maintaining trust in work relationships. Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, 114, 139.
Lewis, M. W. (2000). Exploring paradox: Toward a more comprehensive guide. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 760-776. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.3707712
Lewis, J. D., & Weigert, A. (1985). Trust as a social reality. Social Forces, 63(4), 967-985. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/63.4.967
Long, D. L., & Graesser, A. C. (1988). Wit and humor in discourse processing. Discourse Processes, 11(1), 35-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638538809544690
Lount Jr, R. B. (2010). The impact of positive mood on trust in interpersonal and intergroup interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(3), 420-433. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017344
Lyttle, J. (2007). The judicious use and management of humor in the workplace. Business Horizons, 50(3), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2006.11.001
Martin, R. A., & Lefcourt, H. M. (1983). Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressors and moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(6), 1313-1324. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.45.6.1313
Martin, R. A., Kuiper, N. A., Olinger, L. J., & Dance, K. A. (1993). Humor, coping with stress, self-concept, and psychological well-being. HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research, 6(1), 89-104. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1993.6.1.89
Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P., Larsen, G., Gray, J., & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 48-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00534-2
Martineau, William H. (1972). A model of social functions of humor. In J. H. Goldstein & P. E. McGhee (eds.), The Psychology of Humor, 101-125. New York: Academic.
Mayer, R. C., & Gavin, M. B. (2005). Trust in management and performance: Who minds the shop while the employees watch the boss? Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 874-888. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.18803928
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect-and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24-59. https://doi.org/10.5465/256727
McCauley, D. P., & Kuhnert, K. W. (1992). A theoretical review and empirical investigatiomn of employee trust in management. Public Administration Quarterly, 16(2), 265-284.
McGhee, P.E. (1999). Health, healing and the amuse system: Humor as survival training (3rd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt.
McGraw, A. P., & Warren, C. (2010). Benign violations: Making immoral behavior funny. Psychological Science, 21(8), 1141-1149. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0956797610376073
McKnight, D. H., Cummings, L. L., & Chervany, N. L. (1998). Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 473-490. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926622
Mesmer‐Magnus, J., Glew, D. J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2012). A meta‐analysis of positive humor in the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 27(2), 155-190. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941211199554
Meyer, J. (1990). Ronald Reagan and humor: A politician’s velvet weapon. Communication Studies, 41(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510979009368289
Meyer, J. (1997). Humor in member narratives: uniting ans dividing at work. Western Journal of Communication, 61(2), 188-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570319709374571
Mignonac, K., & Herrbach, O. (2004). Linking work events, affective states, and attitudes: An empirical study of managers' emotions. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(2), 221-240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-004-0549-3
Morris, W. N. (1989). Mood the frame of mind. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Nazareth. (1988). The psychology of milita humor. New Delhi: Lonor.
Organizational Behavior, 23(3), 267-285.
Neves, P., & Karagonlar, G. (2020). Does leader humor style matter and to whom? Journal of Managerial Psychology. 35(2), 115-128. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-12-2018-0552.
Nyhan, R. C., & Marlowe Jr, H. A. (1997). Development and psychometric properties of the organizational trust inventory. Evaluation Review, 21(5), 614-635. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0193841X9702100505
Peng, L., Lei, S., Guo, Y., & Qiu, F. (2020). How can leader humor enhance subordinates’ service creativity? The moderator of subordinates’ SFIT and the mediator of role modeling. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 41(6), 865-882. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2020-0087.
Priest, R. F., & Swain, J. E. (2002). Humor and its implications for leadership effectiveness. Humor, 15(2), 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.2002.010
Pundt, A., & Herrmann, F. (2015). Affiliative and aggressive humour in leadership and their relationship to leader–member exchange. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88(1), 108-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12081
Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. P. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(1), 95-112. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.1.95
Ring, P. S., & Van de Ven, A. H. (1992). Structuring cooperative relationships between organizations. Strategic Management Journal, 13(7), 483-498. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250130702
Robert, C., & Wilbanks, J. E. (2012). The Wheel Model of humor: Humor events and affect in organizations. Human Relations 65(9), 1071–1099. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726711433133
Romero, E. J., & Cruthirds, K. W. (2006). The use of humor in the workplace. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2006.20591005
Romundstad, S., Svebak, S., Holen, A., & Holmen, J. (2016). A 15-year follow-up study of sense of humor and causes of mortality: The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 78(3), 345-353. http:// doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000275
Rotter, J. B. (1967). A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality, 35(4), 651-665.
Rotter, J. B. (1980). Interpersonal trust, trustworthiness, and gullibility. American Psychologist, 35(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.35.1.1
Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393-404. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926617
Simon, L. S., Hurst, C., Kelley, K., & Judge, T. A. (2015). Understanding cycles of abuse: A multimotive approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(6), 1798-1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/apl0000031
Siomkos, G. J., Rao, S. S., & Narayanan, S. (2001). The influence of positive and negative affectivity on attitude change toward organizations. Journal of Business and Psychology, 16(1), 151-161. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007800124297
Stieger, S., Formann, A. K., & Burger, C. (2011). Humor styles and their relationship to explicit and implicit self-esteem. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(5), 747-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.11.025
Svebak, Sven 1996 The development of the Sense of Humor Questionnaire: From SHQ to SHQ-6. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 9(3/4), 341–361. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1996.9.3-4.341
Tangney, J. P., Wagner, P., & Gramzow, R. (1992). Proneness to shame, proneness to guilt, and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101(3), 469-478. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-843X.101.3.469
Terrion, J. L. & Ashforth, B. E. (2002). From I to ‘we’: The role of putdown humor and identity in the development of a temporary group. Human Relations, 55(1), 55-88. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726702055001606
Tepper, B. J. (2000). Consequences of abusive supervision. Academy of Management Journal, 43(2), 178-190. doi:10.5465/1556375
Thompson, E. R. (2007). Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(2), 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0022022106297301
Thoresen, C. J., Kaplan, S. A., Barsky, A. P., Warren, C. R., & de Chermont, K. (2003). The Affective Underpinnings of Job Perceptions and Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review and Integration. Psychological Bulletin, 129(6), 914–945. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.6.914
Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1993). Development and validation of a multidimensional sense of humor scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199301)49:1%3C13::AID-JCLP2270490103%3E3.0.CO;2-S
Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1994). Depression and sense of humor. Psychological Reports, 75(3_suppl), 1473-1474. https://doi.org/10.2466%2Fpr0.1994.75.3f.1473
Tremblay, M., & Gibson, M. (2016). The role of humor in the relationship between transactional leadership behavior, perceived supervisor support, and citizenship behavior. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 23(1), 39-54. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1548051815613018
Tümkaya, S. (2011). Humor styles and socio-demographic variables as predictor of subjective well-being of turkish university students. Egitim ve Bilim, 36(160), 158.
Ünal, Z. M. (2014). Influence of leaders’ humor styles on the employees’ job related affective well-being. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 4(1), 201-211. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v4-i1/585
Ünler, E., & Kılıç, B. (2019). Paternalistic leadership and employee organizational attitudes: the role of positive/negative affectivity. Sage Open, 9(3), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2158244019862665
Vernon, P. A., Martin, R. A., Schermer, J. A., Cherkas, L. F., & Spector, T. D. (2008). Genetic and environmental contributions to humor styles: A replication study. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 11(1), 44-47. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.1.44
Vinton, K. L. (1989). Humor in the workplace: It is more than telling jokes. Small Group Behavior, 20(2), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F104649648902000202
Warnars-Kleverlaan, N., Oppenheimer, L., & Sherman, L. (1996). To be or not to be humorous: Does it make a difference? Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 9(2), 117-142. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1996.9.2.117
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1984). Negative affectivity: the disposition to experience aversive emotional states. Psychological Bulletin, 96(3), 465-490. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.96.3.465
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1997). Measurement and mismeasurement of mood: Recurrent and emergent issues. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68(2), 267-296. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6802_4
Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 219-235. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.219
Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory. Research in Organizational Behavior, 18(1), 1-74.
Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 513-530. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926624
Wild, B., Erb, M., & Bartels, M. (2001). Are emotions contagious? Evoked emotions while viewing emotionally expressive faces: quality, quantity, time course and gender differences. Psychiatry Research, 102(2), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1781(01)00225-6
Wilson, Colin (1979). Jokes: form, content, use and function. New York: Academic Press.
Wijewardena, N., Härtel, C. E., & Samaratunge, R. (2017). Using humor and boosting emotions: An affect-based study of managerial humor, employees’ emotions and psychological capital. Human Relations, 70(11), 1316-1341. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726717691809
Wood, R. E., Beckmann, N., & Rossiter, J. R. (2011). Management humor: Asset or liability? Organizational Psychology Review, 1(4), 316–338. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2041386611418393
Wright, T. A., & Staw, B. M. (1999). Affect and favorable work outcomes: Two longitudinal tests of the happy–productive worker thesis. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 20(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199901)20:1%3C1::AID-JOB885%3E3.0.CO;2-W
Xiaqi, D., Kun, T., Chongsen, Y., & Sufang, G. (2012). Abusive supervision and LMX: Leaders' emotional intelligence as antecedent variable and trust as consequence variable. Chinese Management Studies. 6(2), 257-270. https://doi.org/10.1108/17506141211236695
Yam, K. C., Christian, M. S., Wei, W., Liao, Z., & Nai, J. (2018). The mixed blessing of leader sense of humor: Examining costs and benefits. Academy of Management Journal, 61(1), 348-369. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.1088
Yang, C, C. (2013). The Roles of Mentor Humor and Protégé Core - Self-Evaluations in Supervisory Mentoring Relationships. Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(2), 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6147%2fJHRM.2013.1302.01
Yip, J. A., & Martin, R. A. (2006). Sense of humor, emotional intelligence, and social competence. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(6), 1202-1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2005.08.005
Yoo, S. Y., Ahn, Y. G., & Lee, Y. H. (2006). An Empirical Study on the Relationship between a Sense of Humor and Management and Organizational Behavior. POSRI 경영경제연구, 6(2), 180-201.
Yue, X. D., Hao, X., & Goldman, G. L. (2010). Humor styles, dispositional optimism, and mental health among undergraduates in Hong Kong and China. Journal of Psychology in Chinese Societies, 11(2), 173-188.
Yue, X. D., Liu, K. W. Y., Jiang, F., & Hiranandani, N. A. (2014). Humor styles, self-esteem, and subjective happiness. Psychological Reports, 115(2), 517-525. https://doi.org/10.2466%2F07.02.PR0.115c18z6
Zellars, K. L., Perrewe, P. L., & Hochwarter, W. A. (2000). Burnout in health care: The role of the five factors of personality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30(8), 1570-1598. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02456.x