心流體驗作為促使舞者持續投入的驅動力之一，本研究主要探討職業舞者的工作情境下，心流體驗分別與工作滿意、工作敬業度之間的關係，以及職業舞者不同的工作屬性是否在此關係中具有調節效果。本研究採問卷調查法並以臺灣各領域職業舞者為研究對象，考量舞者工作特性不易取得資料，故本研究將運用滾雪球取樣法以增加回收的問卷數量，共發放344份電子問卷，回收有效問卷122份。研究結果顯示，心流體驗對工作滿意度具有正向關係；心流體驗對工作敬業度具有正向關係；工作屬性在心流體驗對工作滿意度之間具有顯著調節效果；工作屬性在心流體驗對工作敬業度之間具無顯著調節效果。

This study investigates the relationship between the mind flow experience and job satisfaction and job dedication in the work context of professional dancers, and whether the different work attributes of professional dancers have a moderating effect in this relationship. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted and professional dancers from various fields in Taiwan were used as the target population. Considering the characteristics of dancers' work, it was not easy to obtain data, so this study used a snowball sampling method to increase the number of questionnaires collected. A total of 344 sample questionnaires were distributed, and 122 sample questionnaires are valid were collected. The results of the study showed that mind flow experience had a positive relationship with job satisfaction; mind flow experience had a positive relationship with job dedication; job characteristics had a significant moderating effect between mind-flow experience and job satisfaction.; and job characteristics had no significant moderating effect between mind flow experience and job dedication.

文化部（2015年09月16日）。文化創意產業內容及範圍。文化法規：法規命令文創產業類。https://www.moc.gov.tw/information_311_20450.html
布拉瑞揚（2022年6月22日）。布拉瑞揚 我就是生來當舞者。PAR表演藝術：焦點專題Focus。https://par.npac-ntch.org/tw/article/doc/GAWGWOKZC8
代寶、羅蕊（2019）。工作沉浸的國內研究現狀：概念，前因及後果。心理技術與應用，7（5），313-320。
姜婷婷、陳佩龍、許豔閏（2021）。國外心流理論應用研究進展。資訊資源管理學報，11（5），4-16。
宋佩佳（2018）。性別與工作滿意度之探討。全球科技管理與教育期刊，7(1)，52-57。10.6617/GTME.201806_7(1).0003
張軼文、甘怡群（2005）。中文版 Utrecht 工作投入量表（UWES）的信效度檢驗。中國臨床心理學雜誌，13（3），268-270。
彭台光、高月慈、林鉦棽（2006）。管理研究中的共同方法變異：問題本質，影響，測試和補救。管理學報，23（1），77-98。10.6504/JOM.2006.23.01.05
曾垂凱（2013）。工作愜意感問卷的信度與效度。中國臨床心理學雜誌，（1），35-38。http://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2013.01.008
李銳、凌文轎（2007）。工作投入研究的現狀。心理科學進展，15（2），366-372。
柯志哲、張珮青（2014）。區隔的勞動市場？：探討臺灣典型與非典型工作者的工作流動與薪資差異。臺灣社會學刊，55，127-177。
胡少楠、王詠（2014）。工作投入的概念，测量，前因與後效。心理科学進展，22（12），1975。
苗桂蓉、郭靜姿（2009）。國小舞蹈班學生即興創作課程心流經驗之調查研究。資優教育研究，9（1），1-24。https://doi.org/10.7089/JGE.200906.0001
褚麗絹、何育敏、徐嘉均、曾冠豪（2017）。以心流經驗為中介變項探討工作特性與組織公平對工作績效之影響。管理科學研究，11(1)，45-55。https://doi.org/10.6873/MSR.201706_11(1).0003
褚麗絹、林炫宇（2014）。教練領導行為對選手滿意度影響之研究-以心流體驗為中介變項。經營管理論叢，1-13。https://doi.org/10.6872/OMR.201412/SP.0001
邱思慈、黃芳銘、陳冠中、張家銘（2010）。太極拳心流體驗量表編製研究。運動休閒管理學報，7（1），200-214。https://doi.org/10.6214/JSRM.201006_7(1).0012
黃金旭（2003）室內設計業者個人屬性，職業成熟，成就動機與工作滿足之關係研究。中原大學室內設計學系碩士論文。10.6840/cycu200300571
賴偉文（2020）。後疫情時代臺灣勞動市場工作型態的轉變與困難。臺灣勞工季刊，63，52-58。P20170803002-202009-202010160017-202010160017-52-58
洪瑞斌（2020年11月5日）。零工經濟及非典型就業的趨勢對青年職涯發展之影響。產業人才發展網：人才快訊。https://www.italent.org.tw/ePaperD/9/ePaper20201100004
勞動部（2019年11月19日）。勞動部訂定「勞動契約認定指導原則」，協助事業單位確切認知勞動契約，避免損及勞工權益。新聞公告：歷史新聞。https://www.italent.org.tw/ePaperD/9/ePaper20201100004
簡秀枝（2022年10月18日）。台灣社會，給得出芭蕾舞者一個家嗎！？。i-Media愛傳媒。https://today.line.me/tw/v2/article/kEQ1m61
臺北市藝術創作者職業工會（2019年10月21日）。「台灣藝術工作者勞動情況調查」協力團體報告書。藝創公會官網。https://artcreator.tw/
洪嘉駿（2016）。台灣專業舞者勞動關係之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。中國文化大學勞工關係學系碩士論文。
莊杰寧（2015）。舞作編創者心流經驗量表編製與實證調查之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。樹德科技大學兒童與家庭服務系碩士論文。
林主忠（2002）。國際標準舞舞者體適能之研究（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺灣體育學院體育研究所碩士論文。10.6222/pej.0034.200303.2104
葉景雯（2010）。探究紐約舞蹈巡禮節之跨文化論述。大專體育， 111，9-16。https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2010.111.02
祝康偉（2006）。派遣員工與正職員工在組織承諾、工作投入差異之分析---以福利措施條件為干擾變項（未出版之碩士論文）。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
Arslan, İ., & Altan-Atalay, A. (2022). Too perfectionist to flow: The roles of perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns for flow in dance. Current Psychology, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03364-9
Abbing, H. (2008). Why are artists poor?: the exceptional economy of the arts. Amsterdam University Press.
Acquah, A., Nsiah, T. K., Antie, E. N. A., & Otoo, B. (2021). Literature review on theories of motivation. EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review, 9(5), 25-29. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra6848
Adams, J. S., & Freedman, S. (1976). Equity theory revisited: Comments and annotated bibliography. Advances in experimental social psychology, 9, 43-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60058-1
Agho, A. O., Price, J. L., & Mueller, C. W. (1992). Discriminant validity of measures of job satisfaction, positive affectivity and negative affectivity. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65(3), 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00496.x
Alderfer, C. P. (1969). An empirical test of a new theory of human needs. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4(2), 142-175. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/0030-5073(69)90004-X
Amin, F. A. B. M. (2021). A review of the job satisfaction theory for special education perspective. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(11), 5224-5228.
Ashford, S. J., Caza, B. B., & Reid, E. M. (2018). From surviving to thriving in the gig economy: A research agenda for individuals in the new world of work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 38, 23-41. http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RIOB.2018.11.001
Bakker, A.B. (2008). The work-related flow inventory: Construction and initial validation of the WOLF. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72(3), 400-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.11.007
Bujacz, A., Bernhard-Oettel, C., Rigotti, T., & Lindfors, P. (2017). Task-level work engagement of self-employed and organizationally employed high-skilled workers. The Career Development International, 22(6), 724-738. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-05-2016-0083
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & LeFevre, J. (1989). Optimal experience in work and leisure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(5), 815-822. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.5.815
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Harper & Row.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., Larson, R., & Prescott, S. (1977). The ecology of adolescent activity and experience. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 6, 281–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9094-9_12
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.
CsikszentmihalyiM. (1988). The flow experience and its significance for human psychology. Optimal experience: Psychological Studies of Flow in Consciousness, 2, 15-35.
CsikszentmihalyiM. (1997). Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. HarperPerennial.
Cahalan, R., & O'Sullivan, K. (2013). Job satisfaction of professional Irish dancers: implications for performer health and well-being. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 17(4), 139-149. http://doi.org/10.12678/1089-313x.17.4.139
Davis, K. & Nestrom, J. W. (1989). Human behavior at work: organizational behavior. McGraw-Hill.
Dwight C. K. Tse, Jeanne Nakamura & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. (2021). Living well by “flowing’ well: The indirect effect of autotelic personality on well-being through flow experience. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 16(3), 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2020.1716055
De Cock, R., & De Smaele, H. (2016). Freelancing in Flemish news media and entrepreneurial skills as pivotal elements in job satisfaction: Perspectives of masters or servants? Journalism Practice, 10(2), 251-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2020.1716055
Diab-Bahman, R., & Al-Enzi, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on conventional work settings. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 40(9/10), 909-927. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-07-2020-0262
De Fraga, D., & Moneta, G. B. (2016). Flow at work as a moderator of the self-determination model of work engagement. Flow experience: Empirical research and applications, pp.105-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28634-1_8
Da Silva Henrique, J., Machado, A. F., & Antigo, M. F. (2022). Work satisfaction and job permanence in artistic careers: the case of musicians in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Journal of Cultural Economics, 46(4), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-022-09467-2
Franěk, M., & Večeřa, J. (2008). Personal characteristics and job satisfaction. E a M: Ekonomie a Management, 11(4), 63-76.
Hoppock, R. (1935). Job Satisfaction. Happer & Row.
Houle, S. A., Rich, B. L., Comeau, C. A., Blais, A. R., & Morin, A. J. (2022). The Job Engagement Scale: Development and Validation of a Short Form in English and French. Journal of Business and Psychology,37(5), 1-20. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10869-021-09782-z
Jackson, S. A., & Eklund, R. C. (2002). Assessing flow in physical activity: the flow state scale-2 and dispositional flow scale-2. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 24(2), 133-150. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.24.2.133
Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). Development and validation of a scale to measure optimal experience: The flow state scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18(1), 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.1.17
Jaque, S. V., Thomson, P., Zaragoza, J., Werner, F., Podeszwa, J., & Jacobs, K. (2020). Creative flow and physiologic states in dancers during performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 1000. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01000
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
Kawabata, M., Mallett, C. J., & Jackson, S. A. (2008). The flow state scale-2 and dispositional flow scale-2: Examination of factorial validity and reliability for Japanese adults. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9(4), 465-485. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.05.005
Koltko-Rivera, M.E. (2006). Rediscovering the later version of Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Self-transcendence and opportunities for theory, research, and unification. Review of General Psychology, 10(4), 302-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.05.005
Kim, N., & Kang, S. W. (2017). Older and more engaged: The mediating role of age‐linked resources on work engagement. Human Resource Management, 56(5), 731-746. http://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21802
Locke, E. A. (1973). Satisfiers and dissatisfiers among white-collar and blue-collar employees. Journal of applied Psychology, 58(1), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0035418
Nakamura J., & Csikszentmihalyi M. (2009). Flow theory and research. In S. J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder (Eds.). Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp. 195-206). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0018
Marín-Sanchiz, C. R., Carvajal, M., & González-Esteban, J. L.(2021). Survival Strategies in Freelance Journalism: An Empowering Toolkit to Improve Professionals’ Working Conditions. Journalism Practice, 17(3), 450-473. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1929414
Perrin, T. (2005). The business case for workers age 50+: Planning for tomorrow's talent needs in today's competitive environment. Washington, DC: AARP.
Peters, P., & Heusinkveld, S. (2010). Institutional explanations for managers’ attitudes towards telehomeworking. Human Relations, 63(1), 107-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726709336025
Rengers, M. (2002). Economic lives of artists: Studies into careers and the labour market in the cultural sector (Doctoral dissertation).
Rupayana, D. D. (2008). Flow and engagement: different degrees of the same? Kansas State University.
Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617-635. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2010.51468988
Rothbard, N. P. (2001). Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(4), 655-684.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/0013164405282471
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3, 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326
Schueller, S. M., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2010). Pursuit of pleasure, engagement, and meaning: Relationships to subjective and objective measures of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(4), 253-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439761003794130
Seashore, S. E., & Taber, T. D. (1975). Job satisfaction indicators and their correlates. American Behavioral Scientist, 18(3), 333-368. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/000276427501800303
Shirom, A. (2003). Feeling vigorous at work? The construct of vigor and the study of positive affect in organizations. In Emotional and physiological processes and positive intervention strategies (Vol. 3, pp. 135-164). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3555(03)03004-X
Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. M., & Hulin, C. L. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement: A strategy for the study of attitudes. Rand Mcnally.
Steiner, L., Schneider, L. (2013) The happy artist: an empirical application of the work-preference model. J Cult Econ 37, 225-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-012-9179-1
Tang, Y., Shao, Y.-F., & Chen, Y.-J. (2019). Assessing the mediation mechanism of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on innovative behavior: the perspective of psychological capital. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 2699. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02699
Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., & Hudy, M. J. (1997). Overall job satisfaction: how good are single-item measures? Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(2), 247-252. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.2.247
Wang, X. (2022). The relationship between flow experience and teaching well-being of university music teachers: The sequential mediating effect of work passion and work engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 989386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.989386
Yu, T. T. (2022). Sailing Away From the Pyramid: A Revised Visual Representation of Maslow’s Theory Z. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 0(0). http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00221678221074755
Zhang, X., Kaiser, M., Nie, P., & Sousa-Poza, A. (2019). Why are Chinese workers so unhappy? A comparative cross-national analysis of job satisfaction, job expectations, and job attributes. PloS one, 14(9), Article e0222715. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222715