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研究生： 張雪愉
論文名稱： 連續型資料的結果依賴採樣設計之配置選擇
Allocation Determination for Outcome-Dependent Sampling Design with Continuous Outcome
指導教授： 呂翠珊
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 數學系
Department of Mathematics
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 117
中文關鍵詞： 結果依賴採樣設計 、簡單隨機抽樣設計
英文關鍵詞： Outcome-dependnet sampling design, simple random sampling design
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：163  下載：11 
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    • 在流行病學研究上， 結果依賴採樣設計(outcome-dependent sampling design)已被證實能提高實驗有效性並節省研究成本。雖然Zhou 等人(2002)已有針對連續型資料的結果依賴採樣設計，在抽樣選擇上提出一些建議，但我們想更深入討論此設計的配置選擇是否具有更一般性且更精確的準則，並研究此設計在實際使用上是否有所限制。
    我們將進行大量的模擬研究，討論結果依賴採樣設計在不同參數設定下的參數估計表現情形，並以簡單隨機抽樣設計作為對照標準，嘗試使用不同抽樣策略，藉此提高有效性。
    論文最後，我們會針對此設計在配置選擇上提出一些建議及研究方向，給未來考慮使用此設計進行研究的人做為參考依據。

    In epidemiological studies, an outcome-dependent sampling (ODS) design has been shown to enhance study effciency and reduce the cost. Although Zhou et al. (2002) have given some criteria about the sample selection under the ODS scheme, we further discuss whether there are more general and accurate criteria about the choice of the sample selection and explore the limitation on the use of the ODS scheme. In our research, we investigate the performance of the ODS design, comparing to the simple random sampling (SRS) design, under different settings with various sampling strategies to improve efficiency through simulation studies. In the end, we give researchers some suggestions and directions when using the ODS design on the observational studies in the future.

    1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 A SEMIPARAMETRIC EMPIRICAL LIKELIHOOD APPROACH FOR THE ODS DESIGN 5 2.1 The ODS design with a continuous outcome . . . . . . 5 2.2 Maximum semiparametric empirical likelihood estimator (MSELE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 SIMULATION RESULTS FOR THE ODS WITH A CONTINUOUS OUTCOME 9 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2 Simulation results for the ODS design with a normal distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2.1 Data generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2.2 The estimator performance of ODS designs . . . . 11 3.2.3 Unequal supplemental sampling strategies . . . . 14 3.2.4 Linear regression model with an interaction term .16 3.3 Simulation result for the ODS design with a exponential distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.3.1 Data generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.3.2 The performance of the MSELE for ODS designs . . 52 3.3.3 Unequal supplemental sampling strategies . . . 55 3.4 Sample size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 4 APPLICATION TO THE COLLABORATIVE PERINATAL PROJECT DATA 88 4.1 The CPP data . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 4.2 The Conditional Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 4.3 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 5 ADDITIONAL SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 96 5.1 Additional coefficient setting to the Section 3.2.2 .96 5.2 Other distributions of covariates . . . . . . . . . 101 5.2.1 X1 ~ N(0, 4), X2 ~ Bernoulli(0.5) . . . . . . . 101 5.2.2 X1 ~ N(0, 4), X2 ~ N(0, 1) . . . . . . . . . . . 103 5.2.3 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 5.3 Size of SRS samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 6 CONCLUSION AND DIRECTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 114 Reference 116

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