中文摘要
本研究主要目的有二：（1） 探討嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀之關聯情形，同時考驗幼兒氣質的影響效應；（2） 探討幼兒氣質與親子依戀之關聯情形。
本研究對象為61位二歲至四歲半之幼兒與幼兒的父母親。研究者透過家庭觀察、問卷調查與訪談來收集相關的資料。研究工具包括：基本資料調查表、嬰幼兒期照顧方式訪談表、全日托育選擇訪談指引、兒童依戀行為測量（依戀Q-set）以及幼兒氣質量表（父母題本）等。以SPSS10.0中文版套裝軟體進行統計分析後，本研究獲致之主要研究結果如下：
一、 嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀間的關聯情形。
（一） 親子依戀安全係數不會因幼兒的開始托育年齡而有顯著差異。
（二） 親子依戀安全係數不會因幼兒的托育時數而有顯著差異。
（三） 母子依戀安全係數會因幼兒全日托育與否而有顯著差異。特別是自出生至十二個月大連續採用全日托育的幼兒，比起其他托育方式者，母子依戀安全係數較低。
（四） 親子依戀安全係數不會因是否變更嬰幼兒期照顧方式而有顯著差異。
二、 幼兒氣質向度中的活動量可以有效地預測母子間的依戀安全係數，而且呈現負向線性關係，即幼兒的活動量愈大，母子依戀安全係數愈低；幼兒氣質向度中的堅持度則可以有效地預測父子間的依戀安全係數，而且呈現正向線性關係，即幼兒堅持度愈高，父子依戀安全係數亦愈高。
三、 嬰幼兒期照顧方式、幼兒氣質以及母子依戀三者間達顯著關聯。在排除幼兒氣質因素之影響力後，依然呈現出在幼兒零至十二個月大連續採用全日托育者，對母子安全依戀具有負向影響力。
研究者針對上述研究結果加以討論，並據以提出教育應用與未來研究上的建議。

英文摘要
The relationship between children’s temperament, infant-toddler care history, and the parent-child attachment
Miao-Ju Tu
ABSTRACT
This study based on a sample of 61children (age range 2-4.5years), examined (1) the relationship between parent-child attachment quality (Q-set scores) and the children’s care type at infant and toddler years and (2) the association between quality of parent-child attachment and parent’s report of the children’s current temperament.

Regarding the relationship between attachment quality and care history, the results show no significant association between attachment scores and the starting point and the quantity of infant-toddler care. However, there is a statistically significant association between attachment and care type, even control for the influence of children’s temperament. Children with 24-hour care show lower attachment scores, especially when the full-time care was used under age one. Certain temperament characteristics are significant factors in predicting parent-child attachment. Activity level is negatively related to mother-child attachment, while persistency is a positive predictor of father-child attachment.

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