2013年烏克蘭親俄派總統亞努科維奇（Viktor Yanukovych）拒絕跟歐盟簽署聯繫國協定（Association Agreement）與經貿合作條約引發國內親歐派大規模示威。隔年亞努科維奇被推翻後克里米亞自行透過公投宣布獨立繼而脫烏入俄，俄國不顧國際輿論反對駐兵於克里米亞。烏國爆發親俄與親歐派對峙的局面以及國內的分離運動引發烏俄冷戰後以來最激烈的衝突。

烏俄與兩岸關係在地緣政治、國家認同和政經兩難上有部分相似性。烏克蘭位處歐洲的地緣中心，歷史淵源與鄰近大國俄羅斯密不可分。自獨立以來， 俄羅斯便同時運用經濟合作與能源外交加深對烏克蘭影響力；但歐盟東擴後改變了歐洲政治版圖亦削弱俄羅斯在傳統東歐架構下的影響力。烏克蘭與歐盟的經貿關係亦日漸深厚，其經貿合作已成為烏克蘭最重要的貿易夥伴之一。而俄國在普丁（Vladimir Putin）的強勢帶領下試圖在鄰境地區發揮強大的影響力，歐俄冷戰結束後除了軍事上尋求共同安全外自也漸漸加深經貿合作。但歐俄兩者政治文化的傳統差異仍有差距，經常形成歐洲東西方互相較勁的代表。

克里米亞危機中我們一窺烏克蘭背後歐盟與俄羅斯在地緣政治上的角力是既合作又競爭的矛盾關係。除了傳統安全議題中的軍事與地緣戰略角色，冷戰後全球化影響了國際間結構體系的變化使非傳統安全議題的經貿、科技、社會文化等層面也漸受重視，本研究以安全研究中的傳統安全和非傳統安全觀的角度結合戰略三角模型探討烏克蘭、歐盟、俄羅斯，並從彼此在歐洲版圖上衝突與合作的關係中尋找三者間的互動模式與新的解決途徑。

In 2013, pro-russian Ukraine President Viktor Yanukovich's refusal to sign an Association Agreement and economic cooperation treaty with the European Union sparked mass demonstrations in Ukraine. After the overthrow of viktor yanukovych the following year, Crimea declared its independence through a referendum and then seceded from Ukraine and joined Russia. Russia has defied international opinion by stationing troops in Crimea. Pro-russian and pro-european confrontations and separatist movements in Ukraine have sparked the most violent conflict between Russia and Ukraine since the cold war.
Ukraine and Russia share some similarities with Cross-Strait relations in geopolitics, national identity and political and economic dilemmas. Since Ukraine's independence, Russia has used economic cooperation and energy diplomacy to deepen its influence in Ukraine.But the enlargement of the EU has changed the political landscape of Europe and weakened Russia's influence in former Eastern Bloc countries. The economic and trade relations between Ukraine and the EU are gradually closer, and the EU has become one of Ukraine's most important trading partners due to its economic and trade cooperation. The powerful Putin led Russia in trying to exert a strong influence in neighboring regions. After the end of the cold war, Europe and Russia have gradually deepened economic and trade cooperation in addition to seeking common security militarily. However, there is still a gap between the differences of European and Russian political culture. The two sides often compete with each other in Europe.
In the Crimean crisis, we can see that the geopolitical wrestling in the EU and Russia is a contradiction between cooperation and competition. As globalization has affected the changes of the international system, in addition to military and geostrategy in Traditional Security Issues, Non-traditional Security Issues have also received increasing attention including economy, trade, science and technology, social culture and other aspects. This study explores Ukraine, the EU and Russia from the perspective of Traditional and Non-traditional Security Issues combined with the strategic triangle model and looking for the interaction mode and new way to solve the conflict and cooperation in the map of Europe.

一、中文部分
（一）專書
王承宗，2006。《烏克蘭史：西方的梁山泊》。三民書局。
王翠華，2016。《當代俄羅斯》。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
吳玉山，1997。《抗衡與扈從－兩岸關係新詮：從前蘇聯看臺灣與大陸間的關係》。台北正中書局。
李桂英，2011。《歐洲聯盟經貿政策之新頁》。國立臺灣大學出版中心。
胡逢瑛、吳非，2016。《俄羅斯公共外交與地緣政治──烏克蘭危機之下普　京時代的再造》。獨立作家出版社。
張弘，2016。《轉型國家的政治穩定研究：對烏克蘭危機的理論思考》。北京：社會科學文獻出版社。　
張翠容，2018。《歐亞現場：見證現代化浪潮下的矛盾與衝突》。馬可孛羅文化。
許湘濤，2008。《俄羅斯及其周邊情勢之研究》。秀威資訊科技出版社。

（二）專書論文
包宗和，2009。〈戰略三角個體論檢視與總體論建構及其對現實主義的衝擊〉《重新檢視爭辯中的兩岸關係理論》。臺北：五南，頁335－354。

（三）期刊論文
王崑義，2010。〈非傳統安全與台灣軍事戰略的變革〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》第6卷第2期，2010年夏，頁1－43。
　王晨星、李興，2006。〈歐亞經濟共同體與歐亞經濟聯盟的比較分析〉，《俄羅斯中歐東亞研究》，第4期，頁93－112。
吳玉山，1997。〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇(上)〉，《問題與研究》，第36卷第2期，頁1－32。
吳玉山，1997。〈抗衡或扈從：面對強鄰時的策略抉擇(下)〉，《問題與研究》，第36卷第3期，頁61－80。
吳玉山。2007。〈顏色革命的許諾與侷限〉，《台灣民主季刊》，第4卷第2期，頁67－112。
吳東林，2015。〈烏克蘭國防武力與區域安全〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》，第11卷第2期，頁56－78。
吳雪鳳、曾怡仁，2014。〈俄羅斯對歐洲的天然氣能源戰略－國際政治經濟學的觀點〉，《問題與研究》，第53卷第2期，頁97－133。
李玉珍，1997。〈北約東擴與俄國的反應〉，《問題與研究》第36卷第3期，頁100－128。
況正吉、宋鎮照，2016。〈從國內政治與國際因素分析烏克蘭危機〉，《全球政治評論》，第53期，頁41－66。
施正鋒，2015。〈烏克蘭的克里米亞課題〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》，第11卷第2期，頁21－50。
高瑛茂，2015。〈俄國兼併克里米亞的國際政治及意涵〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》，第11卷第2期，頁177－184。
連弘宜，2006。〈世紀之交的俄羅斯東亞政策—析論俄中兩國戰略協作伙伴關係之運作現況〉，《國際關係學報》，第21期，頁71－112。
　郭武平、劉蕭翔，2008。〈烏俄天然氣之爭對烏克蘭政局影響之探析〉，《遠景基金會季刊》，第9卷第3期，頁35－79。
郭秋慶，2015。〈歐洲聯盟對烏克蘭的政策〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》，第11卷第2期，頁1－19。
楊三億，2002。〈後冷戰時期：中東歐地區權力結構分析〉，《問題與研究》，第42卷第2期，頁89－103。
楊三億，2008。〈歐盟睦鄰政策與其對烏克蘭政策實踐〉，《問題與研究》，第47卷第3期，頁105－134。
楊三億，2009。〈前蘇聯地區內部改革與對外政策偏好關係：以烏克蘭、白俄羅斯與摩爾多瓦為例〉，《問題與研究》，第48卷第3期，頁97－121。
楊三億，2011。〈歐盟對中東地區民主化浪潮之回應〉，《全球政治評論》，第34期，頁13－20。
楊三億，2014。〈歐盟對烏克蘭政策之外溢效果〉，《問題與研究》第53卷第1期，，頁1－34。
楊三億，2018。〈中小型國家的安全策略及路徑演變: 以塞爾維亞、亞美尼亞與烏克蘭為為例〉，《政治科學論叢》，第78期，頁105-136。
楊三億，2018。〈烏克蘭安全策略選擇:內部因素分析〉，《問題與研究》，第57卷第1期，頁1－14。
劉復國，1991。〈綜合性安全與國家安全－亞太安全適用性之檢討〉，《問題與研究》，第38卷第2期，頁21－37。
蔡育岱，2008。〈從『國家』到『個人』：人類安全概念之分析〉，《問題與研究》，第47卷第1期，頁151－188。　
蔡育岱、譚偉恩，2008。〈從「國家」到「個人」人類安全概念之分析〉，《問題與研究》，第47卷第1期，頁151－185。
　蕭振寰，2007。〈他山之石－歐盟對非市場經濟國家反傾銷調查的特別機制〉，《貿易政策論叢》，第8期，頁127－150。
　龍舒甲，1998。〈北約擴大與俄羅斯的反應〉，《問題與研究》，第37卷第 1期，頁25－40。
叢鵬、張穎，2009。〈普京執政時期的俄羅斯外交特點〉，《國際論壇》，2009年第1期，頁57－64。
魏百谷，2010 。〈小國與強鄰相處之道──以芬蘭與俄羅斯關係為例〉，《臺灣國際法季刊》，第6卷第1期，頁95－116。
魏百谷，2012。〈烏克蘭與俄羅斯經貿關係的變遷與展望〉，《台灣國際研究季刊》，第8卷第3期，2012年秋季號，頁99－117。
魏百谷，2017。〈從歐亞經濟聯盟看俄國之地緣戰略〉，《歐亞研究：戰略瞭望》，第1期，頁41－46。
羅志剛，2004。〈俄羅斯與歐盟共同安全和防務政策〉，《武漢大學學報：哲學社會科學版》，第57卷3期，頁322－327。

（四）網際網路
李自國，2013/8/3。〈烏克蘭亞努科維奇的對外政策走向〉，中國國際問題研究院網站，<http://www.ciis.org.cn/chinese/2011-08/03/content_4381794.htm>。
李靖棠，2018/10/1。〈俄羅斯強化波羅的海軍事設施：CNN首曝衛星間諜照〉，《上報》，<https://www.upmedia.mg/news_info.php?SerialNo=50209>。
亞太經濟合作會議能源合作經濟資訊網，2018。〈APEC各會員體能源資訊分析：俄羅斯〉，台灣經濟研究院，<https://apecenergy.tier.org.tw/energy2/russia.php>。
美國之音，2014/6/7。〈波羅申科：克里米亞現在過去將來皆屬烏克蘭〉， <https://www.voachinese.com/a/putin-france-meeting-20140606/1931585.html>。
英國廣播公司中文網，2015/9/26。〈烏克蘭危機：基輔禁止俄羅斯航班進入國境〉， <https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world/2015/09/150926_ukraine_bans_russian_airlines>。
馬爾維，1999/12/22。〈俄國聲稱車臣戰爭接近尾聲〉，BBC中文網， http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/chinese/news/newsid_607000/6077792.stm
莫斯科台灣貿易中心，2014/1/3。〈俄羅斯與烏克蘭最新經貿情勢剖析〉，台灣經貿網，<https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E7%B6%93%E8%B2%BF%E6%83%85%E5%8B%A2%E5%89%96%E6%9E%90-972491.html>。
陸南泉，2015/8/2。〈俄羅斯主導的歐亞經濟聯盟路向何處？〉，鉅亨網新聞中心，<https://news.cnyes.com/news/id/659524>。
楊明娟，2018/3/1。〈因美國歐盟制裁：埃克森美孚取消與俄合作。〉，RIT中央廣播電台，<https://www.rti.org.tw/news/view/id/397798>。
趙晨，2014/1/13。〈歐盟與烏克蘭關係回顧〉，中國社會科學院歐洲所網站，<https://web.archive.org/web/20140512221522/http://ies.cass.cn/Article/cbw/ouwj/201401/8009.asp>

二、英文部分

（一）專書
David C. Kang, 2007. China Rising: Peace, Power, and Order in East Asia, New York: Columbia University Press.
Pete Mangold, 1990. National Security and International Relations. London: Routledge.
Roman Wolczuk, 2002. Ukraine's Foreign and Security Policy 1991-2000. United Kingdom: Routledge.
Taras Kuzio& Paul D'Anieri, 2018.The Sources of Russia’s Great Power Politics Ukraine and the Challenge to the European Order. United Kingdom: E-International Relations.

（二）期刊論文
Elif Hatun Kilicbeyli, 2002. “Europe and Asia: New Partnerships after the Cold War Era,” Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations, Vol.1, No.3,Fall 2002.pp.89-115.
John Burke& Svetlana Panina-Burke, 2017. “The reunification of Crimea and the city of sevastopol with the Russian Federation.”, Russian Law Journal Vol.5, No.3, pp.29-68.
Karina Shyrokykh, 2018. “The Evolution of the Foreign Policy of Ukraine: External Actors and Domestic Factors,” Europe Asia Studies, Vol.70, No.5, pp.832-850.
Kuik Cheng Chwee, 2008. “The Essence of Hedging: Malaysia and Singapore's Response to a Rising China,” Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol. 30, No. 2, Aug 2008, pp.159-185.
Silvana Malle.2013. “Economic modernisation and diversification in Russia. Constraints and challenges”, Journal of Eurasian Studies, Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2013, pp.78-99, from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879366512000279

（三）研討會
Elena Kropatcheva, 2006/10/27. “Russian Foreign Policy towards Ukraine: a Case of New Imperialism?” Annual International Young Researchers Conference, Centre for OSCE Research Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg, from: http://www.cas.miamioh.edu/havighurstcenter/KropatchevaFinal.pdf
Marina Lazareva, 2013/3/4. “The European union and Russia: History of the relationship and cooperation prospects.” EU Impacts on Central and Eastern European States: Law, Politics, Economy and Society Effects, from: https://dfk-online.sze.hu/images/sjpj/2014/1/lazareva.pdf

（四）官方網站與文件
Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum, 2013. “European Integration Index 2013 for Eastern Partnership Countries,” from: http://www.eap-index.eu/images/Index_2013.pdf
Energy Community, 2019. “EU 4Energy Governance,” from: https://www.energy-community.org/regionalinitiatives/EU4Energy/Implementation---results.html
Europa, 2004. “EU/Russia: The four common spaces,” from: https://library.euneighbours.eu/content/eu-russia-road-map-common-spaces
European Commission, 2001. “The European Union's role in promoting human rights and democratisation in third countries,” pp.1-28, from: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4705fda62.pdf\
European Commission, 2001. “The European Union's role in promoting human rights and democratisation in third countries,” from: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4705fda62.pdf
European Commission, 2010. “Energy 2020 - A strategy for competitive, sustainable and secure energy,” from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52010DC0639&From=en
European External Action Service, 2019. “EU-Ukraine relations – factsheet,” from: https://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/ukraine/4081/eu-ukraine-relations-factsheet_en
European External Action Service, 2019. “The European Union and the Russian Federation,” from: https://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/russia/35939/european-union-and-russian-federation_en#Political+relations
European Parliament, 2018. “Relations beyond the neighborhood: Russia,” from: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/177/russia
European Parliament, 2018. “Relations beyond the neighbourhood: Russia,” from:
https://www.nti.org/learn/countries/ukraine/nuclear/
GUAM, 2017. “About GUAM,” from: http://guam-organization.org/en/about-the-organization-for-democracy-and-economic-development-guam/
Mikhail Molchanov, 2011. “Ukraine's European Choice: Pitfalls and Prospects,” North Atlantic Treaty Organization Office of Information and Press, pp.1-36, from: https://www.nato.int/acad/fellow/01-03/molchanov.pdf
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 2019. “NATO-Russia Council,” from: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_50091.htm
Nuclear Threat Initiative, 2014. “Ukraine,” Official Internet Resources of the President of Russia, 2014. “Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly,” from: http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/47173.
The European Parliament, 2018. “European Parliament resolution of 12 March 2019 on the state of EU-Russia political relations,” from: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2019-0157_EN.html
United Nations.2014/3/27. “General Assembly: Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 27 March 2014,” from: http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/a_res_68_262.pdf
Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republich, 1990.“Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine,” Kyiv, from: http://static.rada.gov.ua/site/postanova_eng/Declaration_of_State_Sovereignty_of_Ukraine_rev1.htm
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2004. “On Ratification of the Treaty for the Ukrainian-Russian Border between Ukraine and the Russian Federation,” from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/anot/en/1681-15/sp:max25
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2004. “On Ratification of the Treaty for the Ukrainian-Russian Border between Ukraine and the Russian Federation,” from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/anot/en/1681-15/sp:max25
World Bank, 1993. “Free trade agreement between ukraine and russian federation,” from: https://wits.worldbank.org/GPTAD/PDF/archive/russia-ukraine.pdf
World Bank, 1993. “Free trade agreement between Ukraine and Russian federation,” from: https://wits.worldbank.org/GPTAD/PDF/archive/russia-ukraine.pdf

（五）學位論文
Robert G. Patterson, 2002. Russian-EU Energy Interdependence and Security in Europe. Master thesis, Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, United States.

（六）網際網路
AFP, 2014/11/2. “Kiev claims 'intensive' movements of troops crossing From Russia,” Wayback Machine, from: https://web.archive.org/web/20141114002830/https://en-maktoob.news.yahoo.com/kiev-claims-intensive-movements-troops-crossing-russia-123248755.html
Al Jazeera Media Network, 2013/11/22. “Ukraine drops EU plans and looks to Russia,” from:https://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/11/ukraine-drops-eu-plans-looks-russia-20131121145417227621.html
Alexei Nikolsky, 2018/7/12. “Putin extends Russian counter-sanctions until end of 2019,” TASS, from: https://tass.com/politics/1012859
Amanda Paul, 2013/2/27. ” I would be very surprised if Ukraine managed to accomplish all the tasks 100%”.The Ukraine Week, from: https://ukrainianweek.com/Columns/50/73449
Andrei Belyi, 2012/4/27. “Russia’s Position on the Energy Charter,” Chatham House, from: https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Russia%20and%20Eurasia/270412summary.pdf
Andrew Rettman, 2009/3/18. “Values to form core of EU 'Eastern Partnership,” EU observer, from: https://euobserver.com/foreign/27799
Andrew Wilson, 2015/3/30. “Ukrainian Politics since Independence”, E-International Relations. https://www.e-ir.info/2015/03/30/ukrainian-politics-since-independence/
Ashley Luer, 2014/3. “Ukraine, Nuclear Weapons, and Security Assurances At a Glance,” Arms Control Association, from: https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/Ukraine-Nuclear-Weapons
BBC, 2006/10/21. “Putin firm on EU energy charter,” from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6068386.stm
BBC, 2009/7/16. “Ukraine's economy 'to shrink 15%,”
BBC, 2014/7/24. “EU signs pacts with Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova,” from: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28052645
BBC, 2015/10/14. “Ukraine's pro-Russian rebels reject Dutch MH17 report,”
from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8154321.stm
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