兒童是國家未來的棟樑。近年來，身體活動對兒童大腦認知表現的影響引起廣泛的興趣。學齡前階段是兒童大腦神經認知功能發展之關鍵階段，然而過去研究鮮少探討急性運動對學前兒童大腦神經認知功能影響，因此本研究目的在於探討急性登階運動對學前兒童大腦認知功能的影響。本研究招募20位學前兒童，其中10位為實驗組，另10位控制組。實驗操弄為實驗組兒童進行10分鐘登階運動，控制組兒童則原地休息10分鐘。並收集兩組兒童實驗操弄前後執行Flanker作業時之反應時間與事件關聯電位。統計方法以T考驗檢測兩組兒童在反應時間、事件關聯電位N100與P300之潛伏時間與振幅之差異。結果發現，急性登階運動介入之後，實驗組兒童在需執行控制功能需求下之P300潛伏時間上短於控制組兒童。表示急性運動對於學前兒童在大腦神經認知功能方面有所影響。

關鍵詞：學前兒童、急性運動、事件關聯電位

Children will be the backbone of our country in the future. The interest in the effect of physical activity on children’s brain and cognition has grown in recent years. Preschool period is critical for children’s neuro-cognitive development. However, little is known about the effects of acute exercise on neuro-cognitive function during preschool age. As such, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute step exercise on preschool children’s neuro-cognition. Twenty preschool children participated and were divided into experimental group and control group (10 children each group). The experimental group completed 10 min of acute step exercise, whilst the control group took a 10 min rest. The reaction time and event-related potential during the Flanker test were recorded before and after the intervention. A series of T-test were employed on the reaction time, N100 latency, N100 amplitude, P300 latency, and P300 amplitude to examine the difference between the two groups. The result indicated that after acute exercise, the P300 latency of experimental group is shorter than that of control group. The findings support the notion that acute exercise has a positive impact on neuro-cognitive function of preschool children.

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