強塑劑對高性能混凝土工作性有相當大的影響。本研究合成二種共聚物PDA和PAMD作為混凝土的分散劑。首先利用馬來酸酐和N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺合成CDPA，再和氯醋酸鈉反應得到DAE，再和丙烯醯胺依不同比例行自由基聚合得到PDA。接著由2-丙烯醯胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸( AMPSA )、甲基丙烯酸( MAA )與改質單體DAE依不同比例行自由基聚合得到PAMD。以FT-IR與1H-NMR鑑定合成之DAE、PDA和PAMD結構；利用GPC測定共聚物的分子量，電位滴定儀測定共聚物中單體比例。
探討PDA、PAMD的單體比例、分子量對水泥漿的流動性與混凝土的工作性的影響，結果並與商用之磺酸系HPC-1000及羧酸系HP 100進行比較。研究結果顯示， 添加PDA( DAE :AAM = 1 : 5, Mw= 5.3 × 104 )的水泥漿體具有最佳之初始迷你坍度與坍度維持性，飽和劑量為0.8wt%。添加PAMD( AMPSA : MAA : DAE = 3 : 5 : 1, Mw= 4.9 × 104 )的水泥漿體具有最佳之初始迷你坍度與坍度維持性，飽和劑量為0.2%。

The workability of high performance concrete is highly dependent on the addition of superplasticizer(SP). In this research, two kinds of copolymer,i.e., PDA and PAMD ,are synthesized. First, CDPA was prepared from maleic anhydride and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine. Secondly,CDPA was reacted with Sodium chloroacetate to obtain DAE . Finally,DAE was reacted with acrylamide to obtain PDA.PAMD was prepared from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPSA)、methacrylic acid (MAA), and DAE.The prepared monomer and polymer have been confirmed by their FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra；the molecular weight of polymer was determined by the Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and the reactant ratio of the polymer were determined by the titration method.
The effects of the reactant ratio and molecular weight of PDA and PAMD on the fluidity of cement pastes and the workability of concretre were studied,and the results compared to those of the commercial superplasticizers, i.e. ; carboxylate-based(SP)( HP 100 ) and sulfonate-based(SP)( HPC-1000 ). The results indicate that the cement pastes with PDA ( DAE : AAM = 1 : 5, Mw = 5.3 × 104 )show the highest initial mini slump and the lowest slump loss ; the saturation dosage was 0.8wt% ; The cement pastes with PAMD ( AMPSA : MAA : DAE = 3 : 5 : 1,Mw = 4.9 × 104 )show the highest initial mini slump and the lowest slump loss ; the saturation dosage was 0.2wt%.

[1] 黃兆龍：混凝土性質與行為。台北：詹氏書局，1997。
[2] Jolicoeur, C., and Simard, M. A., “Chemical admixture-cement interactions: phenomenology and physico-chemical concepts,” Cem. Concr. Composites, 20, 87-101, (1998).
[3] Mehta, P. K., Monteiro, P. J. M., “Concrete Structure, Properties , and Materials”, (2nd ed.), Prentice Hall International Series, (1993).
[4] 陳聖達：化學摻料對混凝土材料性質的影響， 國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，(1997)。
[5] Collepardi, M., “Admixtures used to enhance placing characteristics of concrete,” Cem. Concr. Composites, 20, 103-112, (1998).
[6] Pei, M., Wang, D., Hu, X., and Xu, D., “Synthesis of sodium sulfanilate phenol formaldehyde condensate and its application as a superplasticizer in concrtet,” Cem. Concr. Res., 30, 1841-1845, (2000).
[7] 蔡雨萍：新型具側鏈羧酸系強塑劑的合成與對水泥漿流動性的影響，國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，(2004)。
[8] 陳秀娘：石油工業廢觸媒的波索蘭活性評估與改質磺化酚醛樹脂之合成，國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，(2002)。
[9] 蘇南：二十一世紀TACON之配比設計。高性能混凝土配比設計實做，1998。
[10] Uchikawa, H., Hanehara, S., Sawaki, D., “The role of steric repulsive forces in paste prepared with organic admixture”, Cement and Concrete Research, 27, 37 - 50, (1997).
[11] Levine, I. N., “Physical Chemistry,4nded”(1995).
[12] Otsubo, Y., “Rheological behavior of suspensions flocculated by weak bridging of polymer coils”, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 215, 99 - 105, (1999).
[13] Uchikawa, H., Sawaki, D., and Hanehara, S., “Influence of kind and added timing organic admixture type and addition time on the composition structure, and property of fresh cement paste,” Cem. Concr. Res., 25, 353-364, (1995).
[14] Cunningham, J. C., Dury, B. L., and Gregory, T., “Adsorption characteristics of sulphonated melamine formaldehyde condensates by high performance size exclusion chromatography,” Cem. Concr. Res., 19, 919-926, (1989).
[15] Kim, B. G., Jiang, S., Jolicoeur, C., Atcin, P. C., “The adsorption behavior of PNS superplasticizer and its relation to fluidity of cement paste”, Cement and Concrete Research, 30, 887 - 893, (2000).
[16] Kathmann, E. E., White, L. A., and McCormick, C. L., “Water-soluble copolymers 67. Polyelectrolytes of N-vinylformamide with sodium 3-acrylamido-3- methylbutanoate, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, and sodium acrylate : synthesis and characterization,” Macromolecules, 29, 5268-5272. (1996).
[17] Lim, G.. G.., Hong, S. S., Kim, D. S,. Lee, B. J., and Rho, J. S., “Slump loss control of cement paste by adding polycarboxylic type slump-releasing dispersant,” Cem. Concr. Res., 29, 223-229, (1999).
[18] Kim, B. G.., Jiang, S., Jolicoeur, C., and Atcin, P. C., “The adsorption behavior of PNS superplasticizer and its relation to fluidity of cement paste,” Cem. Concr. Res., 30, 887-893, (2000).
[19] Yoshioka, K., Tazawa, E., Kawai, K., and Enohata, T., “Adsorption characteristics of superplasticizers on cement component minerals,” Cem. Concr. Res., 32, 1507-1513, (2002).
[20] Chandra, S., and Bjrnstrm, J., “Influence of superplasticizer type and dosage on the slump loss of Portland cement mortars--Part II,” Cem. Concr. Res., 32, 1613-1619, (2002).
[21] 葉一賢：新型聚羧酸系強塑劑的合成與應用。國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，2002。
[22] 陳龍賓：分散劑的合成以及對於鈦酸鋇漿體分散性能的評估。國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，2002。
[23] 黃甄玲：羧酸系分散劑的合成以及對水泥漿體性質的影響。國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文，2002。
[24] Peng, J., and Qu, J., and Zhang, J., and Chen, M., and Wan, T., “Adsorption characteristics of water-reducing agents on gypsum surface and its effect on the rheology of gypsum plaster” Cem. Concr. Res., 35, 527-531, (2005).
[25] Li, C. Z., and Feng, N. Q., and Li, Y. D., and Chen, R. J., “Effects of polyethylene oxide chains on the performance of polycarboxylate-type water-reducers” Cem. Concr. Res., 35, 867-873, (2005).
[26] Skoog, D. A., Holler, F. J., Nieman, T. A., “Principles of instrumental analysis”, (5th ed.),Saunders Golden Sunburst Series, (1998).
[27] Pavia, D. L., and Lampman, G. M., and Kriz, G. S., “Introduction to spectroscopy”3nded(2001).
[28] Yoshioka, K., Tazawa, E., Kawai, K., Enohata, T., “Adsorption characteristics of superplasticizers on cement component minerals”, Cement and Concrete Research, 32, 1507 - 1513, (2002).
[29] Moukwa, M., Youn, D., and Hassanali, M., “Effects of degree of polymerization of water soluble polymers on concrete properties,” Cem. Concr. Res., 23, 122-130, (1993).
[30] Laidler, K. J. and Meiser, J. H. Physical chemistry, 2nd ed.; Boston : Houghton Mifflin, (1995).