含有奈米顆粒產品的廣泛使用，隨之產生的毒性也越受到關注，目前研究指出奈米顆粒進到環境中可能對生物造成危害。然而奈米顆粒在海水環境中對魚類的行為與生理功能的影響仍未被研究的很透徹。在本實驗中利用淡水跟海水馴養的青鱂魚(Oryzias latipes)仔魚進行奈米銀與奈米銅顆粒的毒性實驗，將馴養7天剛孵出來的仔魚浸泡在含有奈米顆粒 (0.1, 1, 10 ppm) 的水中四小時，然後分析仔魚的活動力、刺激游泳反應、側線毛細胞數目、離子細胞數目以及皮膚排酸量。在淡水組的實驗中發現奈米銀顆粒處理後，仔魚活動力顯著下降，毛細胞數目、離子細胞數目和皮膚排酸量也顯著下降，最大游泳速度與最大游泳加速度並沒有受到影響。奈米銅顆粒溶液浸泡後發現仔魚的毛細胞數目、離子細胞數目和皮膚排酸量顯著下降，游泳距離、最大游泳速度以及最大游泳加速度則發現在低濃度上升，高濃度下降的趨勢。在海水組的實驗發現，奈米銀顆粒處理後只有發現仔魚活動力以及排酸量下降。奈米銅顆粒處理後只有活動力下降而其他實驗則無統計差異。結果顯示在海水環境中奈米顆粒毒性較在淡水環境低。此外硝酸銀與硫酸銅進行毒性試驗也出現類似的毒性反應。

As products containing nanoparticles widely used, the toxicity caused by nanoparticles is more and more concerned. Nanoparticles could be released into the environments and may cause deleterious effects on the ecosystems. However, limited information exists concerning their toxic effects on the behavior and physiologic function of fish species dwelling in seawater. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of AgNPs and CuNPs in both freshwaters (FW) - and seawater (SW) - acclimated medaka (Oryzias latipes) larvae. Newly hatched larvae (7 dpf) were subjected to a 4 h AgNPs or CuNPs (0.1, 1, or 10 ppm) exposure and then their locomotion activities (swimming distance), touch-evoked responses (maximal velocity/acceleration of swimming), the number of neuromat hair cells, the number of yolk-sac ionocytes and ability of acid secretion were analyzed. In FW groups, results showed that AgNPs exposure decreased the locomotion activity, number of hair cell and ionocyte, and acid secretion. Maximal acceleration and velocity were not affected after AgNPs exposure. Similarly, CuNPs exposure decreased the number of hair cell and ionocyte, and acid secretion. Interestingly, maximal acceleration and velocity were increased at low concentrations of CuNPs but decreased at high concentrations of CuNPs. In SW groups, AgNPs exposure only decreased the locomotion activity and acid secretion; CuNPs exposure only decreased the locomotion activity. In conclusion, AgNPs and CuNPs pose higher threat to FW than in SW-acclimated larvae. Similar results were also found in larvae exposed to AgNO3 and CuSO4.

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