本研究之主要目的，在探討目標管理的內涵與實施歷程，並調查瞭解
國民小學應用目標管理的現況、問題及改進途徑，再合研究發現，提出改
進國民小學行政管理的建議。 為達成上述目的，本研究採文獻分析與
問卷調查的方法，首先透過理論分析，探討目標管理的內涵與實施歷程，
以瞭解目標管理的意義、特性、目的、理論背景、類型、運作原則、實施
程序、應用實例、功能、困境及改進途徑；其次，根據文獻探討的結果，
編製「國民小學應用目標管理調查問卷」，進行調查研究，藉以瞭解目前
國民小學在行政運作方面應用目標管理的現況，以及教職員對學校行政實
施目標管理的意見；最後根據研究結論，提出具體建議。本研究調查對象
為臺灣省、台北市、高雄市公立國民小學的教職員，共抽得95所學校，發
出852 問卷，實得有效樣本685 份，問卷處理則採用SAS for Windows 統
計套裝軟體進行統計分析。 綜合文獻探討與問卷調查所得之資料，得
到以下結論：一、國民小學行政實施目標管理可發揮多重功能。二、國民
小學行政應用目標管理的情形尚令教職員滿意。三、國民小學行政工作目
標的訂定未盡完善。四、國民小學行政工作目標的執行過程頗符合目標管
理之理念。五、國民小學行政工作目標的評鑑不夠健全。六、不同地區及
規模之學校應用目標管理的情形大同小異。七、不同職務之學校成員應用
目標管理及對學校應用情形的知覺略有差異。八、國民小學行政實施目標
管理存有困難待克服。九、國民小學行政欲落實目標管理需從多方面著手
。 根據研究結論，對國民小學行政管理提出下列建議：一、健全學校
各層級行政目標的訂定。二、應落實學校成員普遍參與決策過程的管理精
神。三、宜善用目標管理精神於執行職務的各項環節。四、促使行政評鑑
更具人性化並據以實施獎懲。五、建立學校成員實施目標管理的共識。六
、加強都市及大型學校成員對目標管理的認識。七、教育行政主管機關及
師資培育機構應採取積極的配合措施。八、對目標管理相關的問題應進一
步研究。

The main purposes of this study are to explore the relevant
connotation and process of implementation, and to survey the
current situation of MBO(MBO:mana-gement by objectives)
application by the elementary schools. Then understandthe
problems arising from that MBO so as to make a comprehensive
study and to offer proposals for improvement of administration
managed by the elementaryschools. In order to accomplish the
purpose, this study has adopted the methods ofhistorical
document analysis as well as questionnaire. Firstly, the
researcher explore the relevant connotation and process of
implementation through theoret-ical analysis so as to understand
the meaning, characteristics, purposes, theo-retical background,
types, operational principles, procedure of implementation,
applied example, funtions, difficult position and path of
improvementabout MBO.Secondly, the researcher compile
"Questionnaire for MBO of Elementary School"based upon the
result of exploring the historical documents for survey and
studyso as to understand the situation of MBO currently
application by administrationof the elementary schools and the
opinions from the school staff for implement-ing MBO. Finally,
the researcher offers substantial suggestions based upon the
conclusions of the study. The objectives of the study are the
school staff of public elementary schools in Taiwan Province,
Taipei City and Kaohsiung City.Totals 95schools have been
samples and 852 copies' questionnaires have been dispatched.
The effective samples actually acquired are 685 copies. The data
ofquestionnaire have been proceeded for satistical analysis
under the statisticpackaging software "SAS for Windows". From
the data of exploring historical document and of questionnaire,
the conclusions have been reached as follows:1.Implementing MBO
in the administrarion of the elementary schools is able to give
play to multiple funtions.2.The school staff are satisfied with
implementing MBO in the administration of the elementary
schools.3.To agree on the objectives of administration in the
elementary schools is incomplete.4.The process of
implementing the objectives of administrarion in the elemen-
tary schools conforms to the concept of MBO.5.The evaluations of
the objectives of administration in the elementary schools
are still incomplete.6.The elementary schools to apply MBO are
mostly alike but with slight differ- ence, no matter different
areas or sizes.7.The different post staff to apply MBO and the
consciousness of status to app- lication in school are slightly
divergent.8.The elementary schools have difficulties and need to
overcome them when they implement MBO in administration.9.Many
parts shall be considered for liking to fulfill MBO of the
elementary schools. According to the result of the study,
the following pro[osals are to be offered for administeation of
the elementary schools:1.Every level of the school
administration objectives must be more complete.2.The managerial
spirit school staff generally take part in decisions must be
carried out.3.The managerial spirit of MBO must be applied to
working in detail.4.More humanistic administration evaluation
shall be promoted and punishment or reward according to it.5.
The cosensus the school staff implement MBO must be
established.6.The MBO cognitiveness of the urban and large-scale
school staff must be strengthened.7.Administration institution
and teacher discipline institution must adopt positive
harmonious measure.8.The further research for issues about MBO
will be engaged.
The main purposes of this study are to explore the relevant