生技產業被視為21世紀最重要的產業之一且對人類福祉有重大貢獻。生技產業的成長除了將成為下一波經濟長波的主要驅動力量。生技產業這高科技產業面臨著知識工作者需求眾多、研發時間長、資金投入龐大及不確定性高的嚴峻挑戰。尤其主要的生技產業企業屬於中小型規模，資源極有限。面對如此弱勢條件，如何能獲得外在的支援，提升研發績效，成為生技產業的後進中小型經濟體當前最重要的議題。研發聯盟是習知的方式，若得以採行異業結盟策略，有效整合資源，提升研發績效，並擴大應用領域，將對生技產業的發展有極大的助益，更能對大幅提昇對人類健康與福祉的貢獻。因此，本研究分析影響生技產業選擇異業結盟策略之關鍵要素，並運用文獻探討及德菲法，彙整出響生技產業異業結盟的關鍵因素，透過蒐集生技領域之專家問卷，並使用決策實驗室分析法及決策實驗室網路流程分析法進行因果關係標準分析，最後使用VIKOR法選擇出最合適的異業結盟類性，另透過蒐集生技領域之研發部門員工問卷，使用結構方程模型偏最小平方法進行分析比對，歸納出生技產業採用異業結盟的關鍵因素，期盼透過了解關鍵的結盟動機，選擇出最適的研發策略結盟方式供參考，以促進研發績效。期許本研究可提供做為異業結盟的策略規劃基礎，促使生技產業合作開發的策略架構更周全，加速研發成果之產出，帶動生技產業蓬勃發展。

Biotechnology is a high technology industry being characterized with knowledge workers, long research and development (R&D) cycle, huge capital expenditure as well as high uncertainties. This research aims to derive the key success factors for such heterogeneous alliances. Possible factors will first be derived by literature　review and confirmed by experts. Then, Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) will be introduced to structure the causal relationships between criteria. The DEMATEL base Network Process (DNP) will be used to derive the weights versus the criteria. The performance scores versus the strategies will be calculated accordingly by using the VIKOR. An empirical study based on major Taiwanese biotechnology firms’ evaluation and selection of the heterogeneous R&D alliance strategies will be used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analytic framework. The analytic framework and results can served as the basis for heterogeneous R&D alliance strategy definitions in the biotechnology industries in the future.

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