為克服HPLC在高極性中藥成分分析上的困難，本研究順利開發多種測定麻
黃、黃連、黃蘗、黃芩藥材及含麻黃、含黃連黃蘗、含黃芩製劑之化學成
分的毛細管電泳分析方法。麻黃的六個生物鹼可直接用0.005M氫氧化鋇
和0.02M isoleucine配成的緩衝液在十分鐘內完成分析定量。各麻黃藥材
都以ephedrine和pseudo- ephedrine的含量最多，草麻黃、木賊麻黃、雙
穗麻黃之 ephedrine多於 pseudoephedrine，中麻黃的pseudoephedrine
為ephedrine的三倍；一般草麻黃優於中麻黃。黃連中八個四級銨生物鹼
(coptisine、berberine、almatine、columbamine、berberastine、
jatrorrhizine和magnoflo- rine) 可在十分鐘內用85%的0.1M醋酸鈉溶液
和15%的甲醇配成的緩衝溶液分離。市售川連及雅連之品質優於日連及日
連變種；日連無berberastine和epiberberine，日連變種無berberastine
及僅含微量的epiberberine。黃蘗中五個四級銨生物鹼(berberine、
palmatine、jatrorrhizine、 phellodendrine和magnoflorine)可用50%
的0.5M醋酸鈉溶液和50%的氰甲烷之混合液分析。分析結果顯示魏氏黃蘗
和日本黃蘗之品質優於關黃蘗和川黃蘗；berberine 是各藥材中含量最多
的成分，約佔魏氏黃蘗、日本黃蘗總生物鹼含量的80%，但只佔關黃蘗、
川黃蘗的40%。用 0.01M valine 和氨水配成的緩衝溶液可分析十九種含
麻黃製劑之 ephedrine和pseudoephedrine含量，其回收率在98.0-102.3%
之間，相對標準偏差是0.86-0.87%，每次分析時間約三分鐘。用50%的0.2
M醋酸鈉溶液和50%的氰甲烷可在八分鐘內分別分析二十三種含黃連黃柏製
劑之cop- tisine、berberine和palmatine，其回收率在98.0-101.9%之間
，相對標準偏差是0.96-1.50%(intraday)和2.22-2.68%(interday)。
將0.01M磷酸二氫鈉、0.0125M焦性硼酸鈉和0.02M十二烷基硫酸鈉溶液混
合可分析黃芩的六個黃酮類成分(baicalin、baicalein、wogonin 7- O-
glucuronide、wogonin、oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide 和 oroxylin A)
。各成分之回收率在98.1-102.6%之間，相對標準偏差是0.88-2.42%。九
種含黃芩製劑中 baicalin、baicalein、wogonin 7-O-glucuronide、
wogonin之含量也可以此條件測定。毛細管電泳法之分析時間短、樣品溶
劑用量少、再現性佳、可自動化，非常適合於中藥材及製劑的高極性成分
之定量分析。

Several capillary lectrophoresis methods have been accomplished
in determining the bioactive components in samples of Ephedrae
Herba, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Scutellariae
Radix as well as their Chinese medicinal preparations. By
using a buffer solution consisting of 0.005M barium hydroxide
and 0.02M isoleucine, the contents of the six alka- loids in
samples of Ephedrae Herba were determined within 10 min . By
using a buffer solution of 0.1 M sodium acetate solution-
methanol(17:3), the contents of the eight quaternary alkaloids
in samples of Coptidis Rhizoma were determined. A buffer solu-
tion of 0.5 M sodium acetate solution-acetonitrile(1:1) was
used to determine the contents of the five quaternary alkaloids
in samples of Phellodendri Cortex. By using a 0.01M valine
solution as the buffer solution, the contents of ephedrine and
pseudoephedrine in 19 Ephedrae Herba- containing Chinese
medicinal preparations were determined within 3 min. A buffer
solution of 0.2M sodium acetae solution-acetoni- trile(1:1) was
used to determine the contents of coptisine, ber- berine and
palmatine in 23 Coptidis Rhizoma-and/or Phellodendri Cortex-
containing Chinese medicinal preparations within 8 min. By
using a buffer solution composed of 0.01 M sodium dihydrogen-
phosphate, 0.0125 M sodium borate and 0.02 M sodium dodecylsul-
phate, the contents of six flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix
sample were determined. Under the same conditions, the contents
of four flavonoids in 9 Scutellariae Radix-containing Chinese
medicinal preparations were also determined. Based on the
following features: offering short analysis times, easy
thorough cleaing of the capillary, accurate perfor- mance,
autosampling and requiring small amounts of samples and
solutions, CE appears to be a promising method for the determi-
nation of the high polar components of Chinese herbs and
Chinese medicinal preparations.
Several capillary lectrophoresis methods have been accomplished