國人常食用焙炒過的芝麻油，而芝麻油中獨特的lignans具有特殊生理功能，本研究的目的在探討芝麻油lignans對雌性大白鼠之月經周期、血脂、肝脂、尿中前列腺素排出及抗氧化性之影響。將6週大之Sprague-Dawley品系雌性大白鼠分為五組，餵予不同sesame lignans成分及含量並含有15%油、0.5%膽固醇的飼料，分別為high lignans組（HL: 10.32%、0.002%）、medium lignans組(ML: 10.22%、20.001%)、low lignans組(LL: 10.1%、20%)、加熱芝麻油組 (HS: 10.18%、20.008%；芝麻油以180℃加熱 20分鐘)，及不含lignans組(NL)，飼養8週，結果顯示（1）sesame lignans並不像flaxseed lignans會延長月經周期。（2）血清總膽固醇及HDL膽固醇為HL、ML組顯著高於NL組（p<0.05）且與lignans攝取量達顯著正相關；血中三酸甘油酯各組間無顯著差異；HL組的肝臟較NL組重，且與飼料lignans含量呈正相關；HL、HS組的肝臟膽固醇及肝臟三酸甘油酯低於LL組，且與lignans攝取量成負相關。（3）肝臟組織的Arachidonic acid(C20：4)及Dihomo-g-linolenic acid (C20:3)相對重量在各組間並無差異；尿中PGE1排出量為HL組顯著高於LL、NL組，且與lignans攝取量呈正相關；Bicyclo PGE2為HL、ML組顯著低於LL組，與lignans攝取量呈負相關；但對於腎臟排出的PGE2及PGE2/ PGE1比值則沒有影響。（4）血清之γ-tocopherol(TOH)濃度為HL>ML>LL、HS>NL，與lignans攝取量呈高度正相關，芝麻油組的a-, g-TOH外表保留率(血清TOH濃度/TOH攝取量)高於非芝麻油組(NL)；LDL-TBARS在HL組顯著低於LL組；肝臟均質液之TBARS為HS<LL、NL；尿液isoprostane排出量為HL組較LL組高，但其可能不適合作為本研究之抗氧化指標。就本研究而言，雌性大白鼠每天平均攝取23.1~42.1mg芝麻lignans會增加其HDL膽固醇且降低肝臟膽固醇及三酸甘油脂，攝取12.6mg~42.1mg/d會增高γ-TOH的外表保留率，在攝取量42.1mg時會明顯增加尿中PGE1排出量，當lignans每日攝取量大於27.3mg時，會抑制全身性PGE2之合成。整體而言，本研究結果顯示芝麻油lignans對雌性大白鼠的月經周期並無影響，而對脂質代謝、抗氧化能力及前列腺素生合成之影響是有助益的。
1 飼料中lignans含量、2飼料中sesamol含量

OBJECT: Roasted sesame oil has been widely consumed in Taiwan. The lignans contained in sesame are unique and found to have special physiological functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of sesame oils with various levels and kinds of lignans on estrous cycles, blood lipids, liver lipids, urinary prostaglandins and antioxidative activities in female rats.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Six weeks old female Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were divided into 5 groups, ten rats per groups, and fed diets containing 15% oil with different quantity and component of sesame lignans and 0.5% cholesterol for 8 weeks. High lignans diet (HL) contained 0.32% lignans and 0.002% sesamol. Medium lignans diet (ML) contained 0.22% lignans and 0.001% sesamol. Low lignans diet (LL) contained 0.1% lignans. Heated sesame oil diet (HS) contained 0.18% lignans and 0.008% sesamol. Non-lignans diet (NL) had similar fatty acid composition as other sesame oil diet but not contain lignans.
RESULT: (1) Estrous cycles of rats were not extended by sesame lignans. (2) Serum total cholesterol (TC) and HDL-C concentrations were higher in HL and ML than NL, and they were positively correlated with lignans intakes. Liver cholesterol and liver triglyceride (TG) were lower in HL and HS than NL, and they were negatively correlated with lignans intakes. (3) Levels of hepatic arachidonic acid(C20:4) and dihomo-g-linolenic acid (C20:3) were not significantly different among 5 groups. Urinary PGE1 excretion was higher in HL than LL and NL, and it was positively correlated with lignans intakes. Urinary Bicyclo PGE2 was lower in HL and ML than LL, and it was negatively correlated with lignans intakes. (4)The ranks of serum γ-tocopherol(TOH) concentration among groups were HL>ML>LL and HS>NL, and it was highly positively correlated (r=0.901, p<0.000) with lignans intakes. The apparent retention rates (serum TOH/TOH intake) of a-TOH and g-TOH were higher in 4 sesame oil groups than NL group. TBARS formed in copper oxidized LDL was lower in HL than LL. TBARS formed in liver homogenize was lower in HS than in LL and NL. The urinary isoprostane excretion was higher in HL than LL, but it probably wasn’t an appropriate index of antioxidative activity in this study.
CONCLUTION: In female rat, the ingestion of 23.1~42.1mg/day sesame lignans/d could increase HDL-C, decrease liver cholesterol and triglyceride, the ingestion of 12.6~42.1mg sesame lignans/d could increase the apparent retention rate of serum γ-TOH, the ingestion of 42.1mg/day could increase urinary PGE1 excretion and the ingestion of 27.3~42.1mg/d could decrease urinary bicyclo PGE2 excretion which represent the whole body PGE2 metabolites. Taken together, the results suggest that sesame lignans have no estrogenic effect, but have beneficial effects on lipids metabolism, antioxidative status and types of prostaglandin synthesis.

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