本研究旨在建構資訊決策行為模式，研究對象為大學校院資訊管理(學)系學生，以科技接受模式、計畫行為理論、理性決策理論及資訊決策能力為理論基礎，建立資訊決策行為的理論模式，探討資訊知覺、態度及決策行為間之關係，再以結構方程驗證所提模式。
為達上述目的，採用問卷調查法，立意取樣六所大學校院共483位資訊管理(學)系學生為研究對象。研究工具為「iCT資訊決策行為模式問卷」。所蒐集的資料分別以描述統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析等統計方法進行資料分析，最後以結構方程模式(SEM)進行理論模式的驗證。根據問卷調查的結果，本研究獲致以下結論：
一、大學校院資訊管理(學)系學生資訊決策行為整體屬於高程度，並且運用網站進行相關決策的實際行為亦屬高程度。
二、不同性別、年級、主動尋找相關數位資訊意願、自我決策程度及利用不同資訊決策目的等變項之大學校院學生在資訊決策行為各構面有顯著差異。
三、本研究所建構之資訊決策行為模式驗證結果良好，且在資訊決策行為及實際決策行為有頗佳的解釋力。
四、資訊決策行為構面之資訊系統品質及資訊內容品質直接影響正向影響資訊有用性及資訊易用性構面，且間接影響態度、資訊決策行為及實際決策行為構面。
五、資訊有用性、主觀規範及行為控制構面直接正向影響態度構面，且間接影響資訊決策行為及實際決策行為構面。
六、態度、理性決策理論構面直接正向影響資訊決策行為構面，且間接影響實際決策行為構面。
七、影響資訊決策行為之構面，據標準化係數依序為理性決策理論、資訊有用性、態度、資訊易用性、資訊內容品質、行為控制及資訊系統品質，且可聯合預測資訊決策行為的82.7%。
最後，依據研究結論提出建議，所建構之資訊決策行為模式作為大學校院資訊管理(學)系學生、教師、學校與企業，以及未來後續研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to develop decision-making model of information communication technology behavior，This research used a group of university students who major in department of information management, basing on technology acceptance model, theory of planned behavior, rational decision theory and decision-making capabilities of information to establish the decision-making model of information communication technology behavior and explore the relationship among information perceptions, attitudes and decision-making behavior. Finally, it was proven by structural equation modeling.
In order to reach the purpose, we used questionnaire survey. Subjects were 483 students who major in department of information management from six different universities. The tool of this research is iCT Model questionnaire. The collection was analyzed separately by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA. And it was proven by Structural equation modeling (SEM) in the end of this research. According to the questionnaire survey results, the following conclusions are obtained in this study:
1.The majority of the students who used information decision-making Behavior and who made decision in actual behavior by internet were high level.
2.There were significant differences between university students in different sex, grades, the voluntary willingness to research related information, the level of individual decision-making and the purpose of using different information.
3. The examination result to this research is positive. It provides affirmative explanation in decision-making behavior and the actual decision making behavior.
4.The quality of information system and content in the aspect of Information decision-making behavior directly and positively affected the aspect of information availability and accessibility. Furthermore, it affected the aspect of attitude, information decision-making behavior and the actual decision making behavior indirectly.
5.The aspect of information availability, subjective norm and behavior control directly and positively affected the aspect of attitude, and it circumstantially affected information decision-making behavior and the actual decision making behavior.
6. The aspect of attitude and rational decision theory directly and positively affected information decision-making behavior. It indirectly affected the actual decision making behavior as well.
7. The impact factors of information decision-making Behavior intention are decision theory, information availability, attitude, information accessibility, information content and have 82.7% explanatory power of diffusion of innovation for Information decision making behavior
In the end of this research, according to the result, we provided suggestion about information decision-making behavior to the students , teachers who major in department of information management, educational establishment , business and the future trend of research as a reference.

壹、中文部分
丁琴美(2008)。專題製作--適用商業類科。台北市：碁峰資訊。
王世英、張鈿富(2009)。歐美澳「公民關鍵能力」發展之研究。台北市：國立教育資料館。
王素芸(2001)。「基本能力指標」之發展與概念分析。教育研究資訊，2001(2)，1-14。
田振榮等(2002)。建立技專院校提昇教學品質指標之研究報告。教育部技術及職業教育司委託專案研究。台北：教育部。
皮世明、劉昱志，2009「即時通訊軟體使用對於組織溝通滿意影響之研究」，Journal of e-Business，第十一卷，第四期：697-722頁。
朱文禎、陳哲賢(2007)。探討虛擬社群之知識分享行為：以線上遊戲為例。電子商務研究，5(1)，55-80。
江盈慧(2010)。從學習風格探析高齡者資訊通訊科技的使用。銘傳大學資訊管理學系碩士在職專班碩士論文，臺北市，未出版。
江鴻鈞(2008)。國民小學校長領能力評鑑指標與權重體系之建構。國立台中教育大學教育學系教育博士學位論文，臺中市，未出版。
行政院(2000)。新世紀國家建設計畫－民國90至93年四年計畫暨民國101年展望。2013年12月18日取自http://www.cepd.gov.tw/m1.aspx?sNo=0000176.
何志南(2001)。住宅消費意向模式之建構分析。國立成功大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文，未出版。
何榮桂(2008)。資訊科技融入高級中學各領域教學示例。台北市：師大書苑。
余泰魁、吳桂森、李能慧(2005)。我國技職體系學生MP3使用行為模式之研究。資訊管理學報(TSSCI)，12(3)，189-222。
吳正達(1999)。國民中小學教師評鑑指標體系建構之研究-模糊德菲術、模糊層級分析法與模糊從合評判法之應用。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文版，臺北市，未出版。
吳忠吉(2001)。知識經濟下的人力資源政策。臺灣經濟研究月刊，278，49-54。
吳明隆(2008)。論文寫作與量化研究。台北市：五南圖書。
吳明隆(2009)。結構方程模式：AMOS的操作與應用。台北市：五南圖書。
吳秉恩(2003)。組織行為學。台北：華泰書局。
吳清山、林天祐(2001)。教育名詞：焦點團體法。教育研究月刊，92，128。
吳錦波、林佳蓉(2008)。使用者接受商業智慧系統之研究。Electronic Commerce Studies，6(3)，353-376。
吳鴻春(2009)。國民中小學教科書數位學習系統多準則評估模式之建構。開南大學資訊管理學碩士論文，桃園縣，未出版。
李弘暉(2003)。知識經濟下領導新思维，台北市：聯經。
李茂興、余伯泉(譯)(2003)：社會心理學(原作者：E.Aronson)。臺北市：弘智。
李誠、高希均(2000)。知識經濟之路。台北：天下文化。
林于竣(2012)。品質認知與情緒感受對線上購物行為意圖的影響。國立屏東商業技術學院資訊工程系碩士論文
林文瑛(1996)。對「國民小學教科書之ㄧ般標準」的一些意見。臺北市：中華民國教材研究發展學會。
林奇芳(2002)。研究團隊創造力指標建構之研究－以高科技產業為例。國立臺灣師範大學工業科技教育研究所博士論文，臺北市，未出版。
林信志、湯凱雯、賴信志(2010)。以科技接受模式探討大學生學習以網路教學系統製作數位教材之意圖和成效。數位學習科技期刊，2(1)，60-78。
林章榜、廖主民(2005)：Eccles的期望-價值理論的概念與應用。國立臺灣體育學院體育學系(所)刊，5，85-89。
林毓秀(2013)。影響青少年後期職業決策自我效能之個人與親子因素。國立中正大學心理學研究所碩士論文
林曉薇(2009)。ICT及其在課程研究領域發展之思維，教育科學期刊，8(1)，43-61。
林益民、余泰魁(2003)。線上學習行為傾向模式建構與實證。資訊管理學報，10(1)，205-232。
邱皓政(2002)。量化研究與統計分析。台北：五南。
邱皓政(2004)。結構方程模式：LISREL的理論、技術與應用。台北市：雙葉書廊。
施欣宜(2012)。北市非藝術科系國立大學生表演藝術消費行為研究。臺灣師範大學表演藝術研究所碩士論文
柯志昇(2004)。我國資訊國力現況與開展。研考雙月刊，28(1)，40-53。
洪明洲(2009)。管理：個案、理論、辯證。台北市：前程文化。
洪敏玲(2011)。大學線上學習者準備度與學習成就關係之研究。國立交通大學教育研究所博士論文。
洪榮昭(2004)。PBL教學策略。技術及職業教育雙月刊，61，10-12。
美國聯邦教育部(2010)。美國總統歐巴馬的高等教育政策之一：大學學費平民化。2013年11月1日，取自http://www.ed.gov/。
徐昊杲、邱佳椿(2002)。技職教育研究教戰手冊─SPSS基礎篇。台北市：師大書苑。
徐超聖(1999)。九年一貫課程品質管理機制－淺談「學力指標」之意義。教育資料與研究。26，33-39。
桃園縣政府教育處(2008)。桃園縣資訊教育白皮書，1-32。
翁振益、周瑛琪(2006)。決策分析：方法與應用。台北市：華泰。
張奕華(2010)。校長科技領導─模式、指標與應用。台北市：洪葉文化。
張春興(1997)。現代心理學。台北：東華書局。
張連誠(2000)。決策分析入門。遼寧：新華書店。
張進福(2008)。2008數位學習白皮書。台北市：行政院國家科學委員會、數位典藏與數位學習國家型科技計畫辦公室、經濟部工業局。
張鈿富(1996)。教育專業問題與展望。載於中華民國師範教育學會主編：教育專業，頁349-365。台北：師大書苑。
張鈿富(1999)。教育政策與行政－指標發展與應用。台北：師大書苑。
張鈿富(2001)。教育指標理念簡介。當代教育指標：國際比較觀點，1-25。台北：學富。
張鈿富(2001)。教育指標理念簡介。載於簡茂發、李琪明(主編)，當代教育指標－國際比較觀點(頁2-25)。台北：學富文化。
張緯良(2002)。管理學。臺北市：雙葉書廊。
張曉鳳(2008)。提升公共部門領導力途徑新探。廣西民族大學學報(哲學社會科學版)，30(1)，118-122。
張鴻昌(2004)。員工對企業內部網路的接受度之研究－以中鋼為例，國立中山大學碩士論文，高雄市。
教育部(2001)。教育部創造力教育政策白皮書。台北：教育部。
教育部(2008)。教育部中小學資訊教育白皮書。2013年11月22日取自http://www.edu.tw/files/site_content/B0010/97-101year.pdf。
莊仁翔(2011)。結合決策樹與粗略集合論於分析學習行為、學習動機與閱讀素養之關係-以PIRLS2006為例。國立暨南大學資訊管理學系碩士論文
許譽勝(2004)。臺灣中小型軟體公司關鍵成功因素之研究。銘傳大學資訊管理學系碩士在職專班碩士論文，臺北市，未出版。
郭昭佑(2001)。教師如何從事課程評鑑:從賦權增能評鑑理念談起。毛連塭(主持人)，學校本位課程評鑑的理念與實踐研討會，現代教育論壇，台北市立師範學院。
郭重吉(2009)。從新世紀的挑戰談中小學教育的革新。國民教育，50(1)，7-16。
陳文廣(2003)，「影響使用者接受知識社群分享知識因素之研究」，輔仁大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
陳彥廷(2013)。非同步網路教學必修課程中學生網路學習態度與學習成效之關係。國立臺北科技大學技術及職業教育研究所碩士論文。
陳重亨(譯)(2005)。決策一本通：聰明做決策的6大密技(原作者：Alan Barker)。台北市：臉譜出版。(原著出版年：1996)
陳寬裕、王正華(2010)。論文統計分析：SPSS與AMOS的運用。台北市：五南圖書。
麥孟生(2000)，個人心理類型、自我效能及態度對電腦學習成效之影響，中央大學資訊管理學系碩士論文。
曾智豐(2013)。國民小學認知型行銷、家長滿意度與家長參與的關係－情感型行銷的調節效果。國立臺南大學教育經營與管理研究所博士論文
游靜秋(2004)。臺灣地區環境品質指標建構之研究。國立臺灣大學環境工程學研究所博士論文，臺北市，未出版。
湯至民(2001)。知識經濟與教育轉型。教育論壇，41，13-16。
黃政傑、李隆盛(1996)。技職教育概論。台北：師大書苑。
黃茂松(2004)。高級中學學校門房警衛專業能力指標建構究。台中健康暨管理學院經營管理研究所碩士論文，臺中市，未出版。
黃瑞琴(1991)。質性教育研究。台北：心理。
黃嘉琦(2012)。研究生入學動機、學習滿意度與生涯決策自我效能之相關研究。國立政治大學教育學系碩士論文。
楊士德(2004)。民間造船廠建立軍艦商維制度之研究，國立中山大學企業管理學系碩士論文，高雄市，未出版。
葉美春(2006)。使用者採用知識管理系統之影響因素研究－理論模型的比較取向。世新大學資訊傳播學研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。
趙燕婷(2012)。科技大學學生資訊素養能力評估之研究。臺灣師範大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士論文
劉麗華(2000)。主管管理才能評鑑360度回饋對受評者態度的影響。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所博士論文，桃園縣，未出版。
蔡金田(2006)。國民小學校長能力指標建構與實證分析之研究。國立中正大學教育研究所博士論文，嘉義縣，未出版。
鄭夙珍、林邦傑、鄭贏川(2009)。「大學生職能量表」之發展研究。測驗學刊，第65輯第3期，397-430。
鄭志宏(1995)。企業界教育訓練人員基本專業能力指標之建構。淡江大學教育資料科學研究所碩士論文。
鄭欣怡(2009)。臺灣地區社區大學行政人員專業能力指標建構之研究。國立新竹教育學系碩士論文，新竹市，未出版。
蕭佳佩(2009)。情緒激發對訓練成效之影響：知覺訓練難度的調節效果。國立政治大學心理研究所碩士論文。
賴榮源(2010)。中等學校運動教練知覺教練領導行為與決策風格之研究。大葉大學管理學院碩士在職專班碩士論文。
戴建耘(2009)。全球計算機綜合能力與多媒體應用會議暨頒獎典禮。國立台灣師範大學。
謝炎君(2013)。探討大學餐旅系學生其倫理認知與倫理決策行為之關係-兼論認知風險之干擾效果。高雄餐旅大學餐旅教育研究所碩士論文
簡禎富(2005)。決策分析與管理：全面決策品質提升之架構與方法。台北市：雙葉書廊。
關中(2002)。資訊科技與國際政治發展趨勢。2013年11月18日，取自：http://old.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/IA/091/IA-R-091-035.html.

貳、英文部分
Acceptance Model, Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-365.
Agarwal, R., & Venkatesh, V. (2002). Assessing a Firm's Web Presence: A Heuristic Evaluation Procedure for the Measurement of Usability. Information Systems Research, 13(2), 168-186.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From Intention to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J.
Ajzen, I. (1991), “The Theory of Planned Behavior,” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol.50, pp. 179-211
Ajzen, I., & Driver, B. L. (1991). Prediction of leisure participation from behavioral,normative, and control beliefs: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Leisure Science, 13, 185-204.
Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1985). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes,intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, pp.453-474.
Aladwani, A. M., & Palvia, P. C. (2002). Developing and validating an instrument for measuring user-perceived web quality, Information & Management, 39(6),pp. 467-476.
Anderson,J. C.& Gerbing,D. G.(1998).Structural equation modeling in practice : a review and recommended two-step approach.Psychological Bulletin,411-423.
Bagozzi,R.P. & Yi,Y.(1988).On the evaluatin for structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,16,74-94
Bandura, A . (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review(84:2), pp:191-215.
Bandura, A .(1982)Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist (37:2), pp:122-147.
Bandura, A .(1984) .Recycling misconceptions of perceived self-efficacy.Cognitive Therapy and Research(8:3),pp:231-255.
Barber, M. (2001). Teaching for tomorrow. Paris: OECD.
Beck, L., & Ajzen, I. (1991). Predicting Dishonest Actions using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 25, 285-301.
Behling, O. & Eckel, N. L. (1991). Making Sense Out of Intuition. Academy of Management Executive, 5(1), 46-54.
Benham, H.C. & Raymond, B.C.(1996). Information Technology Adoption: Evidence from a Voice Mail Introduction, Computer Personnel, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 3-25.
Berelson, B.(1952). Content Analysis in Communication Research.NY: Macmillan.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2001a). An empirical analysis of the antecedents of electronic commerce service continuance, Decision support systems,32(2), 201-214.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2001b). Understanding information systems continuance: An expectation- confirmation model, MIS Quarterly, 25(3), 351-370.
Bock, G. W., Zmud, R.W., Kim Y.G. & Lee J.N.(2005), Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge Sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators,Social-Psychological Forces, and Organizational Climate, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29,pp. 87-112.
Boomsma A.(1982).The robustness of LISREL against small sample sizes in factor analysis models .New York:Elsevier North-Holland.
Borich, G. D. (1988). Effective teaching methods. Columbus OH: Charles, E. Merrill .
Bruner, G. C. & Kumar, A. (2005). Explaining consumer acceptance of handheld Internet devices, Journal of Business Research, 58, 553-558.
Carswell, A. D. & Venkatesh, V. (2002). Learner outcomes in an asynchronous distance education environment. International journal of human-computer studies, 56, 475–494.
Certiport(2010). iCritical Thinking™ powered by ETS. Retrieved November 30,2013, from http://www.certiport.com/Portal/desktopdefault.aspx?page=common/pagelibrary/icritical_thinking.htm.
Chang, M. K. (1998). Predicting Unethical Behavior： A Comparison of the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior, Journal of Business Ethics, 17(16), 1828-1834.
Chau,P.Y.K. & Hu,P.J.H.(2002).Investigating healthcare professionals’decisions to accept telemedicine technology: An empirical test of competing theories, Information and Management, 39(4), 297-311.
Chau, P.Y.K. & Hu, P.J. (2001). Information Technology Acceptance by Individual Professionals: A Model Comparison Approach, Decision Sciences, 32(4), 699-719.
Churchill, G.A.Jr. (1979), A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(February), 64-73.
Churchill,G.A.(1979).A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs,Journal of Marketing Research,9(4),406-412.
Chuttur, M. Y. (2009). Overview of the Technology Acceptance
Cohen, M. D., March, J. G. & Olsen, J. P. (1972). A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 1-25.
Compeau, D. Higgins C. A. & Huff, S. (1999). Social Cognitive Theory and IndividualReactions to Computing Technology: A Longitudinal Study, MIS Quarterly (23:2), 1999,145-158.
Compeau, D.R. & C.A, Higgins. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test.MIS Quarterly, June, pp:189-211.
Control, Intrinsic Motivation, and Emotion into the Technology
Daft, R. L. (2003). Organization Theory and Design (8th ed.). Cincinnati, Ohio：South-Western Publishing.
Dalkey,N.C.(1969).The Delpghi merhod:An experimental study of group opinion. CA:Rand Corporation.
Dane,F,C,(1990).Research method.Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of Information technology, MIS Quarterly, 13(3),. 319-340.
Davis, F. D. (1993). User Acceptance of information technology: System characteristics,user perceptions and behavioral impacts. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies, 38, 475-487.
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warsaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003.
Davis,F.D. & R.P. Bagozzi & P.R. Warshaw(1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in workplace. J. Applied Social Psychology. 22, 1111-1132.
DeBono, E. (1992), Teach Your Child How to Think. London: Viking.
Dede.C (2009).Comparing Frameworks for“21st Century Skills. Retrieved November 8, 2013, from http://www.watertown.k12.ma.us/dept/ed_tech/research/pdf/ChrisDede.pdf
Eccles, J.S. (1983). Expectancies, values, and academic behaviors. In J. Spence(Ed.),Achievement and achievement motives,75-146. San Francisco: Freeman.
Eisenberg, M. B., Lowe, C. A.,& Spitzer, K. L. (2004). Information literacy: Essent for the information age. Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D. & Miniard P. W. (1995). Consumer Behavior,10th ed., Fort Worth : Dryden Press.
Facione, P. (1990), APA Delphi Research Report, Critical Thinling: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purpose of Educational Assessment and Instruction. ERIC Doc. No.: ED 315 423.
Fenech, T. (1998). Using perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness to predict acceptance of the worldwide web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems,.30(1-7), 629-630.
Fenech, T. (1998). Using perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness to predict acceptance of the worldwide web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems,.30(1-7), 629-630.
Ferrell, O. C. & Larry, G. Gresham. (1985). A Contingency Framework for Understanding Ethical Decision Making in Marketing. Journal of Marketing 49 (Summer): 87-96.
Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Beliefs, Attitude, Intentions and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Addition-Wesley, Boston, MA.
Frazer, L. & Lawley, M. (2000), Questionnaire Design and Administration: a practical guide, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd., Singapore.
Garcia, A.W. & King, A.C. (1991), Predicting long-term adherence to aerobic exercise: A comparison of two models, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13, 394-410.
Gefen, D., Karahanna, E., Straub, D. W.(2003). Trust and TAM in Online Shopping: An Integrated Model, MIS Quarterly, (27:1), pp. 51-90.
Gefen, D.,(2003). TAM or just plain habit: A look at experienced online shoppers, Journal of End User Computing, 15(3), pp. 1-13.
George, J. M. & Jones, G. R. (2004). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior (4th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall.
Hair,J.F.,Anderson,R.E.,Tatham,R.L.&Black,W.C.(1998).Multivariate data analysis(5thed).Upper Saddle River,New Jersey:Prentice-Hall International.
Hendrickson, A. R., Massey, P. D., & Cronan, T. P. (1993). On the test-retest reliability of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use scales, MIS Quarterly, 17(2), 227-230.
Hesselbein, F.(ed.),Goldsmith, M.(ed.),Somerville, I.(ed.)(2002).Leading for innovation and organizing for results.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
Hinkin TR. (1998) A brief tutorial on the development of measures for use in survey.questionnaires. Organizational research methods, 1: 104-121.
Igbaria, M. , Parasuraman, S. &; Baroudi, J. J. (1996). A motivational model of microcomputer usage. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(1), 127-143.
Issack, T. F. (1998). Intuition: An Ignored Dimension of Management. Academy of Management Review, 3, 917-922.
ISTE (2010).International Society for Technology in Education | Standards . Retrieved November 8, 2013,form http://www.iste.org/standards.aspx.
ISTE (2011).International Society for Technology in Education | Standards . Retrieved December 15, 2013,form http://www.iste.org/standards/nets-for-students.aspx.
ISTE(2001). 2001 Technology Facilitation Standards. Retrieved December 8, 2013, from http://www.iste.org/standards/nets-refresh-project.aspx.
ITU (2011). The World in 2011: ICT Facts and Figures. Switzerland: International Telecommunication Union.
Jyoti, C., & Kumar, D. Y. (2004). Analysing the factors of broadband adoption in the household, access from http://is2.lse.ac.uk/asp/aspecis/20040034.pdf.
Kahneman, D (1994).New Challenges to the Rationality Assumption. Journal of Institiutional and Theoretical Economics,150(1),18-36.
Karahanna, E. & Straub, D.W. (1999). The Psychological Origins of Perceived Usefulness and Ease-of-use, Information & Management, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 237-250.
Katz,I.R.(2007).Testing Information Literacy in Digital Environments: ETS's iSkills Assessment.Information Technology and Libraries,26(3),3-12.
Kline, R. B.(1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling.New York: Guilford Press.
Kline,R.B.(1998)Principles and practice of structural equation modeling.New York:Guilford Press
Klopping, I. M., & McKinney, E. (2004). Extending the technology acceptance model and the task-technology fit model to consumer e-commerce. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 22(1), 35-47.
Knowles,M.S.(1980).The modern practice of adult education from Pedagogy to Andragogy.Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,NJ.
Kozma (1991).Learning with media. Review of Educational Research,61(2),179-211.
Kozma(1994).Will Media influence learning？Reframing the debate.Educational Technology Research and Development,42(2),5-17.
Kuhl & J. Beckman(Eds.), Actions-control : From cognition to behavior,Heidelberg, 11-39.
Lin, H. F. (2007). The role of online and offline features in sustaining virtual communities：an empirical study. Internet Research, 17(2),119-138.
Locke, E.A. & Latham, G. P. (2004), What should we do about motivation theory? Six recommendations for the twenty-first century, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 29, No 3, pp.399-403.
Lucas Jr, H. C., & Spitler, V. K. (1999), Technology Use And Performance: A Field Study Of Broker Workstations, Decision Sciences, 30(2), 291-311.
Luo, M.,＆Childress, M. (2009).Data-driven decision making; The development and validation of an instrument to measure principal’s practices. December28, 2013, from:http//:www.academiclearship.org/empirical_research/556.shtml.
Mardia, K. V.(1985). Mardia`s test of multinormality. In S. Kotz and N. L. Marketing Review Johnson(Eds. In chief), Encyclopedia of statistical sciences, 5, 217-221.
Mathieson, K.(1991). Predicting user intentions: comparing the technology acceptance model with the theory of planned behavior. Information Systems Research, 2(3), 173-191.
Mintzberg, H., Raisinghani, D. & Theoret, A. (1996). The Structure of Unstructured Decision Processes. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 246-275.
Moon, J. W. & Kim, Y. G. (2001), Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context, Information & Management, 38 (4), 217–230.
Moore, G. C.& Benbasat, I. (1991).Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation.Information Systems Research, 2(3),192-222.
Murry,J.W.,Hammoms,J.O.(1995).Delphi:A versatile methodology for conducting qualitative research.The Review of Higher Education,18(4),423-436.
Muthen, B. (1984). A general structural equation model with dichotomous, ordered categorical,and continuous latent variable indicators. Psychometrika, 49, 115-132.
Neale, L.(2008). Antecedents of Web Site Loyalty: Results from Four Countries.Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vancouver, 1-19
NETP (2010).Transforming American Education: Learning Powered by Technology. Retrieved Octoberr 22, 2013, from http://www.egov.vic.gov.au/focus-on-countries/north-and-south-america-and-the-caribbean/united-states/government-initiatives-united-states/education-united-states/transforming-american-education-learning-powered-by-technology-in-pdf-format-1997kb.html.
Nunnally,J.C.(1967).Psychometric theory,New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company
O'Tuel,F.S.,& Bullard,R.K.(1993).Developing higher order thinking in the content areas K-12. Pacific Grove, CA: Critical Thinking Press and Software.
OECD (2009). 21st Century Skills and Competences for New Millennium Learners in OECD Countries .OECD Education Working Papers,41.
Parry,S.B.(1998).Just What Is a Competency？And Why Should You Care？Training.(35)6,58-66.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills(2003) .Learning for the 21st Century: A Report and Mile Guide for 21st Century Skills. Retrieved November 30, 2010, from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/images/stories/otherdocs/P21_Report.pdf
Partnership for 21st Century Skills(2008).21st century skills ,education and competitiveness: A resource and policy guide. Tucson, AZ: Partnership for 21st Century Skills.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills(2009). Framework for 21st Century Learning. Retrieved November 30, 2013, from http://www.p21.org/documents/P21_Framework.pdf
Partnership for 21st Century Skills(2010).The Partnership for 21st Century Skills. Retrieved November 30, 2013, from http://www.p21.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=64&Itemid=30
Reuters(2009). Certiport and ETS Announce the Development of iCritical Thinking Certification Powered by ETS. Retrieved November 19, 2013 from http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS136698+31-Jul-2009+BW20090731.
Rigdon, E.(2005). SEM FAQ. Retrieved Noember 10, 2013 from http://www.gsu.edu/~mkteer/sem.html.
Saaty Thomas L.(1990).Decision Making For Leaders-the analytic hierarchy process for decisions in a complex world，Pittsburgh, PA: RWS Publications.
Sadri, G. & Robertson, I. T. (1993), Self-Efficacy and Work-Related Behavior – a Review and Meta-analysis, Applied Psychology-an International Review-Psychologie Appliquee-Revue Internationale, 42(2):139-152.
Sahin, C., Bullock, K., & Stables, A. (2009). Teachers' beliefs and practices in relation to their beliefs about questioning at key stage 2. Educational Studies, 28(4), 371-384.
SCANS(2000). Skills and Competencies Needed to Succeed in Today's Workplace. Retrieved October 22, 2010.
Schmitt,B.H.(1999).Experiential Marketing:How to get customers to sense,fell,think,act and relate to your company and brand.New York:The Free Press.
Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J., & Warshaw, P.R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 325-343.
Shih, M., Feng, J., & Tsai, C. C. (2008). Research and trends in the field of e-learning from 2001 to 2005: A content analysis of cognitive studies in selected journals. Computers and Education, 51(2), 955-967
Shin, N.(2003). Transactional Presence as a Critical Predictor of Success in Distance Learning.Distance Education, 24, NO. 1, 2003, 69-86
Simon, H. A. (1960). The New Science of Management Decision. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Simon, Herbert A. 1993. The State of American Political Science: Professor Lowi’s View of Our Discipline.PS: Political Science and Politics 26: 49-51.
Slegers, B(1997).Brain Development and Its Relationship to Early Childhood Education. The EDEL 695 Seminar in Elementary Education. Long Beach, CA.
Smith, T. J. (2008). Senior citizens and e-commerce websites: The role of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and web site usability. Informing Science: the International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 11, .59-83.
Snell, S., & Bateman, T. S. (1998). Management - building competitive advantage, (International Ed.). Boston, MA: Irwin / McGraw Hill.
Soha,T.M.T., Arsada,N.M., & Osmana,K.(2010).The Relationship of 21st Century Skills on Students’Attitude and Perception towards Physics. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences,7,546-554.
Soloman, G. (1995). Planning for technology. Learning and Leading with Technology, 23(1), 66-67.
Spencer,L.M.＆Spencer,S.M.(1993).Competence at work：Models for superior performance. New York：Wiley＆Sons,Inc.
SREB(1999). Educational Technology: Are school administrators ready for it? Retrieved November 5, 2013, from http://www.sreb.org/programs/EdTech/pubs/ReadyForIt/EdTech-ReadyForIt.pdf
Stumpf, S. A., Brief, A. P., & Hartman, K (1987). Self-efficacy expectations and coping with career-related events. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 31, 91-108.
Szajna, B. (1996).Empirical Evaluation of the Revised Technology Acceptance Model, Management Science, 42(1), 85-92.
Taylor, S. & Todd, P. A. (1995), Assessing IT usage: the role of prior technology acceptance by individual professionals: An exploratory study experience, MIS Quarterly, 19(4), 561-570.
Teo T.(2010). Examining the influences of subjective norm and facilitating conditions on the intention to use technology among pre-service teachers: A structural equation modeling of an extended technology acceptance model. Asia Pacific Education Review, 11, 253-262.
Thompson, R. L., Higgins, C. A., & Howell, J. M. (1991). Personal computing: Toward a conceptual model of utilization. MIS Quarterly, 15(1), 124-143.
Treiblmaier, H., Neale, L., Chong, S., Haghirian, P., & Oelsiechutag, E. (2008) "Antecedents of Web Site Loyalty: Results from Four Countries", Annual Conference of the Academy of Marketing Science, 243
Venkatesh, V. & Davis, F. D. (2000). A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies, Management Science, 45(2), pp. 186-204.
Venkatesh, V. & M.G.Morris & G.B.Davis & F.D.Davis (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View.MIS Quarterly, 27, 425-478.
Venkatesh, V. (2000), Determinants of Perceived Ease of Use: Integrating
Venkatesh, V. & R. Agarwal (2006).Turning Visitors into Customers: A Usability-Centric Perspective on Purchase Behavior in Electronic Channels, Management Science, 52, No.3, pp.367-382.
Viswanath Venkatesh, James Y. L. Thong and Xin Xu. (2012) .Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of C Technology, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 157-178.
Wally, S. & Baum, J. R. (1994). Personal and Structural Determinants of the Pace of Strategic Decision Making. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 932-956.
Watson, R.T.(1999).Data Management: Database and Organization(2nd Ed.), New Jersey, NJ:John Wiley & Sons.
Weber,J(1990).Manager'moral reasoning:Assessing their reponse to Three moral dilemmas.Human relation,43(10),687-702.
Welsh, M. (2008). DACUM Orientation. Canada:Egenuity Inc., December 3, 2013Retrevied from http://www.fsco.gov.on.ca/english/regulate/mortgagebrokers/dacum-orientation.pdfWatson, J., 2002, Strategy-An introduction to Game Theory, W. W. Norton,New York.
Williams, L.J.& Hazer,J.T.(1986).Antecedents and consequence of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models:A reanalysis using latent variable structural equation models.Journal of Applied Psychology,71,219-231.
Zack, M. H. (1993). Interactivity and Communication Mode Choice in Ongoing Management Groups. Information System Research, 4(3), 207-239.