簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 周昀霆
Chou, Yun-Ting
論文名稱: 微型餐廳菜單管理之行動研究
An Action Research on Menu Management in a Micro-restaurant
指導教授: 劉元安
Liu, Yuan-An
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 運動休閒與餐旅管理研究所
Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 126
中文關鍵詞: 系統觀點焦點團體菜單規劃菜單設計標準食譜
英文關鍵詞: system approach, focus group, menu planning, menu design, standard recipe
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201901098
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:105下載:9
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究之微型餐廳個案是桃園市中壢區的Where Care 溦咖啡。本研究目的共分為兩階段,階段一為透過系統觀點檢視Where Café 溦咖啡自2016年至2019年在菜單管理各方面所發生的種種問題。階段二為根據菜單管理之菜單規劃、菜單設計、菜單運作與菜單評估與發展等流程進行第四代菜單之設計以解決過去菜單管理之問題。
    研究者採用行動研究,歷經與臺師大學休旅所的產學合作、焦點團體、與餐廳經營者林女士訪談及餐廳之擺盤教育訓練中發現問題,接著以菜單管理文獻理論作為行動方案,在執行過程中重新規劃菜單品項、詳盡計算成本並制定餐點售價、設計第四代菜單、建立標準食譜,並且在行動研究進行中透過焦點團體以及和經營者進行訪談使菜單能符合經營者與消費者之期望。在第四代菜單製作完成並於Where Café 溦咖啡使用後一個月內,對用餐的顧客進行訪談。
    根據菜單管理的行動研究結果,研究者透過系統觀點提出微型餐廳營運菜單管理系統模型,並透過焦點團體的回饋讓菜單貼近消費市場的飲食趨勢。在實務意涵上Where Café 溦咖啡減少了食材的浪費,並在餐廳營運中加入了標準食譜及食材成本表。在反思中研究者了解微型餐廳管理者缺乏時間資源的分配觀念以及菜單應作為管理工具持續發酵,本研究限制為菜單管理執行時間太過短暫以及焦點團體應納入更多元背景的成員。

    The case of the study is call Where Café, which is a micro restaurant located in Taoyuan. There are two phases while conducting the study. Phase one is, through the systematic approach, to review the performance of menu management of Where Café between 2016-2019. The purpose is to evaluate operation problems of the menu. Phase two aims to solve the problems by applying menu planning, menu design, menu operation and menu evaluation and development in terms of theories.
    Action research is applied, combining with the collaboration between Where Cafe and NTNU, focus groups, in-depth interviews with the restaurant entrepreneur (Mrs. Lin). The research processes include reorganizing all menu items, calculating food costs, re-pricing all items, designing the fourth edition menu, establishing standardized recipe, and conducting interviews with entrepreneur and customers in order to meet their expectations.
    The results of the study are fruitful. The researcher proposes the system model of menu management for micro-restaurant, and enriches the new menu with contemporary dietary trends through focus groups. In managerial perspective, the action research helps Where Café reduce food waste while the standardized recipe control the food cost. The researcher’s reflexivity implies that time management and knowledge of menu management are major difficulties for micro-restaurant owner in terms of operation effectiveness. There are two research limitations. The first one is lack of enough time to operate and evaluate the newly design menu. Second, the members’ background of the focus groups should have been more various.

    中文摘要………………………………………………………………….…………...………..i 英文摘要………………………………………………………………….…………...……… ii 謝誌………………………………………………………………….…………...…….…..… iii 目次………………………………………………………………….…………...…….…...…iv 表次……………………………………………………………………………… ..………....vii 圖次……………………………………………………………………………………………………………viii 第壹章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究背景………………………………………………………………………1 第二節 研究動機…...……………………………………………………..……………2 第三節 研究問題…...…………………………………………………..………………4 第四節 研究目的…...…………………………………………………...……………5 第貳章 文獻回顧…...…………………………………..………..……………7 第一節 餐廳營運系統下菜單的角色………………………………….………………7 第二節 菜單管理的投入—菜單規劃、菜單定價及菜單設計……….………………17 第三節 菜單管理的產出—菜單運作、菜單評估與發展…………….………………24 第四節 微型餐廳之相關研究……………………………………...…………………35 第參章 研究設計…...…………………………………..……………………39 第一節 行動研究法…………..………………………………………….……………39 第二節 研究理論架構……………..…………………………………….……………42 第三節 研究情境與研究參與者………………..…………………….………………44 第四節 行動研究方案程序……..………………………..………….………………..51 第五節 資料蒐集與分析……………………………………………………...………57 第六節 研究品質…………………………………………………………...…………58 第七節 研究倫理……………………………………………………………...………60 第肆章 研究結果與討論…...…………………………..……………………61 第一節 問題發現……….……..………………………………………………………61 第二節 菜單規劃.……..………………………………………………………………77 第三節 菜單定價……….……..………………………………………………………85 第四節 菜單設計……….……..………………………………………………………86 第五節 菜單運作……….……..………………………………………………………91 第六節 菜單評估與發展……….……..………………………………..………..……94 第伍章 結論與建議…...…………………………..…………………………96 第一節 研究結論……….……..…………………………………………..………..…96 第二節 研究建議.……..…………………………………………………………..…100 第三節 研究者之反思……….……..………………………………………..………108 第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………………………….110 引用文獻…...…………………………………..………………………………………112 附錄 121 附錄一 Where Café 溦咖啡第一代菜單之品項及價位 121 附錄二 Where Café 溦咖啡第二代菜單之品項及價位 123 附錄三 Where Café 溦咖啡第三代菜單銷售紀錄表 125

    王玉麟 (2004)。研究倫理的相關議題。教師之友,45(3),85-93。
    王嘉陵 (2004)。行動研究─ 課程改革的 [解藥] 或 [安慰劑]?。課程與教學, 7(1),139-151。
    何粵東 (2005)。敘說研究方法論初探。應用心理研究,25,55-72。
    吳美枝、何禮恩、吳芝儀(2001)。行動研究: 生活實踐家的研究錦囊。嘉義: 濤石文化。
    阮光勛 (2014)。促進質性研究的品質與可信性。國教新知, 61(1),92-102。
    周雅容 (1997)。焦點團體法在調查研究上的應用。調查研究-方法與應用,3,51-73。
    林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花 (2005)。質性研究方法: 訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙研究季刊,3(2),122-136。
    梁淑媛、莊宇慧、吳淑芳 (2012)。內容分析技巧在護理質性資料之初步應用。護理雜誌,59(5),84-90。
    章美英、許麗齡 (2006)。質性研究-焦點團體訪談法之簡介與應用。護理雜誌,53(2), 67-72。
    微型創業鳳凰 (2017)。WHERE BRUNCH 微咖啡創業故事。取自:https://beboss.wda.gov.tw/cht/index.php?code=list&flag=detail&ids=57&article_id=846
    經濟部中小企業處 (2019)。107年中小企業重要統計表。取自:https://data.gov.tw/dataset/5972
    經濟部統計處 (2018)。106年經濟統計年報。取自https://www.moea.gov.tw/Mns/dos/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=9432
    經濟部統計處 (2018)。107年批發、零售及餐飲業經營實況調查報告。取自https://www.moea.gov.tw/Mns/dos/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=9431
    蔡清田 (2011)。行動研究的理論與實踐。T&D 飛訊,118,1-20。
    鄭增財 (2006)。行動研究原理與實務。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
    賴彥如、張潔如 & 吳瑞蘭 (2011)。工作與家庭跨角色衝突多構面之量表發展。明新學報,37(1),177-191。
    龍益雲 (2017年8月)。微型創業 – 微咖啡餐飲 食在暖心。工商時報。取自https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20170801000164-260204
    Alonso, A. D., & Krajsic, V. (2014). Cost management and small restaurant businesses: a complex balance and the role of management. International Journal of Revenue Management, 8(1), 1-19.
    Andersson, T. D., & Mossberg, L. (2004). The dining experience: do restaurants satisfy customer needs?. Food Service Technology, 4(4), 171-177.
    Antun, J. M., & Gustafson, C. M. (2005). Menu analysis: Design, merchandising, and pricing strategies used by successful restaurants and private clubs. Journal of nutrition in recipe & menu development, 3(3-4), 81-102.
    Arnold, R. D., & Wade, J. P. (2015). A definition of systems thinking: a systems approach. Procedia Computer Science, 44, 669-678.
    Baumback, C. M. (1988). How to organize and operate a small business. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    Baxter, J., & Eyles, J. (1997). Evaluating qualitative research in social geography: establishing ‘rigour’in interview analysis. Transactions of the Institute of British geographers, 22(4), 505-525.
    Bowen, J. T., & Morris, A. J. (1995). Menu design: can menus sell. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(4), 4-9.
    Brown, D. R. (2003). The restaurant manager's handbook: how to set up, operate, and manage a financially successful food service operation (Vol. 1). Ocala, Fl: Atlantic Publishing Company.
    Camillo, A. A., Connolly, D. J., & Kim, W. G. (2008). Success and failure in Northern California: Critical success factors for independent restaurants. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 49(4), 364-380.
    Chen, S. C., & Elston, J. A. (2013). Entrepreneurial motives and characteristics: An analysis of small restaurant owners. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 294-305.
    Chuang, N. K., Yin, D., & Dellmann-Jenkins, M. (2009). Intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting casino hotel chefs' job satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(3), 323-340.
    Cohen, E., Ghiselli, R., & Schwartz, Z. (2007). The effect of loss leader pricing on restaurant menus' product portfolio analysis. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 9(1), 21-38.
    Cronin Jr, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring service quality: a reexamination and extension. Journal of marketing, 56(3), 55-68.
    Dayan, E., & Bar-Hillel, M. (2011). Nudge to nobesity II: Menu positions influence food orders. Judgment and Decision Making, 6(4), 333.
    DiPietro, R. B., Roseman, M., & Ashley, R. (2006). A study of consumers' response to quick service restaurants' healthy menu items: attitudes versus behaviors. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 7(4), 59-77.
    Dul, J., & Hak, T. (2007). Case study methodology in business research. Oxford, UK : Butterworth-Heinemann.
    Ericson, M. H. (1960). Recipe Standardization: Standardize recipes to eliminate the guesswork and maintain better quality, portion, and cost controls. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 1(1), 55-59.
    Fang, C. Y., Peng, P. Y., & Pan, W. T. (2013). Does using an à la carte or combo set menu affect the performance of a teppanyaki-style restaurant?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(4), 491-509.
    Fatimah, U. Z. A. U., Boo, H. C., Sambasivan, M., & Salleh, R. (2011). Foodservice hygiene factors—The consumer perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 38-45.
    Ghauri, P. (2004). Designing and conducting case studies in international business research. In Piekkari & Welch Author (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research methods for international business, (109-124). Cheltenham : Edward Elgar.
    Ghiselli, R. F., La Lopa, J. M., & Bai, B. (2001). Job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intent: Among food-service managers. Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly, 42(2), 28-37.
    Gill, A., Flaschner, A. B., Shah, C., & Bhutani, I. (2010). The relations of transformational leadership and empowerment with employee job satisfaction: A study among Indian restaurant employees. Business and Economics Journal, 18, 1-10.
    Glanz, K., Resnicow, K., Seymour, J., Hoy, K., Stewart, H., Lyons, M., & Goldberg, J. (2007). How major restaurant chains plan their menus: the role of profit, demand, and health. American journal of preventive medicine, 32(5), 383-388.
    Green, Y. N., & Weaver, P. A. (2008). Approaches, techniques, and information technology systems in the restaurants and foodservice industry: a qualitative study in sales forecasting. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 9(2), 164-191.
    Gupta, S., McLaughlin, E., & Gomez, M. (2007). Guest satisfaction and restaurant performance. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 48(3), 284-298.
    Gustafsson, I. B. (2004). Culinary arts and meal science–a new scientific research discipline. Food Service Technology, 4(1), 9-20.
    Ha, J., & Jang, S. S. (2010). Perceived values, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: The role of familiarity in Korean restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 2-13.
    Hancer, M., & George, R. T. (2003). Job satisfaction of restaurant employees: An empirical investigation using the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 27(1), 85-100.
    Hansen, K. V., Jensen, Ø., & Gustafsson, I. B. (2005). The meal experiences of á la carte restaurant customers. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 5(2), 135-151.
    Hayes, D. K., & Huffman, L. (1985). Menu analysis: a better way. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 25(4), 64-70.
    Hight, S. K., & Park, J. Y. (2018). Role stress and alcohol use on restaurant server’s job satisfaction: Which comes first?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 231-239.
    Ho, E. (2004). A Model Study for Establishing a Small Restaurant in Downtown Honolulu. Retrieved from Hawaii State Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism website: http://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/census/econ02rep/ec02-reference/small_diner_condensed_final.pdf
    Homburg, C., Hoyer, W. D., & Koschate, N. (2005). Customers’ reactions to price increases: do customer satisfaction and perceived motive fairness matter?. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 33(1), 36-49.
    Hubbard, L. J. (2018). Small Business Restaurant Marketing Strategies for Sustainability. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Walden University, Minneapolis, America.
    Hyun, S. S., & Kang, J. (2014). A better investment in luxury restaurants: environmental or non-environmental cues?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 39, 57-70.
    Jenkins, G. M., & Youle, P. V. (1968). A systems approach to management. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 19(sup1), 5-21.
    Jeong, W. S., Byun, K. I., & Park, S. S. (2008). Analysis of the Menu from a Japanese Restaurant Using Menu Engineering and Cost/Margin Analysis-A Case of a Restaurant at a First Class (A) Hotel. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture, 23(5), 595-604.
    Jogaratnam, G. (2002). Entrepreneurial orientation and environmental hostility: an assessment of small, independent restaurant businesses. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 26(3), 258-277.
    Johns, N., & Kivela, J. (2001). Perceptions of the first time restaurant customer. Food Service Technology, 1(1), 5-11.
    Johnson, S. (1999) . National Skills Task Force Research Paper 13. Nottingham, England : DfEE.
    Jones, P., & Mifll, M. (2001). Menu development and analysis in UK restaurant chains. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(1), 61-71.
    Jones, T. A. (2008). Improving hotel budgetary practice—A positive theory model. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(4), 529-540.
    Kasavana, M. L., & Smith, D. I. (1982). Menu engineering. Lansing, MI: Hospitality Publishers.
    Keiser, J., DeMicco, F., & Grimes, R. N. (2000). Contemporary management theory: Controlling and analyzing costs in foodservice operations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
    Kelly, T. J., Kiefer, N. M., & Burdett, K. (2009). A demand-based approach to menu pricing. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 50(3), 383-387.
    Khan, M. L., & Boehmer, J. (2013). Small Business use of Facebook for Marketing: The Case of a Family-­‐Owned Mediterranean Restaurant. Paper session presented at the 78th Annual Association for Business Communication International Conference, New Orleans, LA.
    Kim, A., Dalbor, M. C., & Feinstein, A. H. (2007). An examination of cost management behavior in small restaurant firms. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 26(2), 435-452.
    Kim, W. G., Leong, J. K., & Lee, Y. K. (2005). Effect of service orientation on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intention of leaving in a casual dining chain restaurant. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24(2), 171-193.
    Kincaid, C. S., & Corsun, D. L. (2003). Are consultants blowing smoke? An empirical test of the impact of menu layout on item sales. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 15(4), 226-231.
    Kivela, J. (2004). Results of a qualitative approach to menu planning using control and experimental groups. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 6(4), 43-65.
    Kivela, J., Inbakaran, R., & Reece, J. (2000). Consumer research in the restaurant environment. Part 3: analysis, findings and conclusions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(1), 13-30.
    Knotts, T. L., Jones, S. C., & Udell, G. G. (2003). Small business failure: The role of management practices and product characteristics. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 15(2), 48.
    Kotschevar, L. H., & Withrow, D. (2007). Study Guide to Accompany Management by Menu 4e. Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons.
    Kwong, L. Y. L. (2005). The application of menu engineering and design in Asian restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24(1), 91-106.
    Lam, T., Baum, T., & Pine, R. (2001). Study of managerial job satisfaction in Hong Kong’s Chinese restaurants. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 13(1), 35-42.
    LeBruto, S. M., Quain, W. J., & Ashley, R. A. (1995). Menu engineering: a model including labor. Hospitality Review, 13(1), 5.
    Lincoln, Y., & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry . Thousand Oaks, CA : SAGE..
    Liu, P., & Tse, E. C. Y. (2018). Exploring factors on customers’ restaurant choice: an analysis of restaurant attributes. British Food Journal, 120(10), 2289-2303.
    Lockyer, T. (2006). Would a restaurant menu item by any other name taste as sweet?. Hospitality Review, 24(1), 3.
    McCall, M., & Lynn, A. (2008). The effects of restaurant menu item descriptions on perceptions of quality, price, and purchase intention. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 11(4), 439-445.
    McNiff, J. (2017). Action research: All you need to know. Thousand Oaks, CA : SAGE.
    Meadows, D. 2008. Thinking in Systems: A Primer. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
    Miller, D. (2006). Starting a Small Restaurant: How to Make Your Dream a Reality. Boston, MA : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
    Miller, J. L., McCahon, C. S., & Bloss, B. K. (1991). Food production forecasting with simple time series models. Hospitality Research Journal, 14(3), 9-21.
    Mills, J. E., & Thomas, L. (2008). Assessing customer expectations of information provided on restaurant menus: A confirmatory factor analysis approach. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 32(1), 62-88.
    Molose, T. (2012). Guidelines for Revenue Management in Small, Medium, and Micro Restaurant Enterprises: A Case Study Approach. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(8), 53-62.
    Murphy, K. S., DiPietro, R. B., Rivera, M. A., & Muller, C. C. (2009). An exploratory case study of factors that impact the turnover intentions and job satisfaction of multi-unit managers in the casual theme segment of the US restaurant industry. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 12(3), 200-218.
    Naipaul, S., & Parsa, H. G. (2001). Menu price endings that communicate value and quality. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(1), 26-37.
    Namkung, Y., & Jang, S. (2007). Does food quality really matter in restaurants? Its impact on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 31(3), 387-409.
    Nonaka, T., Kaihara, T., Fujii, N., Yu, F., Shimmura, T., Hisano, Y., & Asakawa, T. (2016). Employee Satisfaction Analysis in Food Service Industry–Resultant of Questionnaire to the Restaurant Staff. In Maeno, Takashi, Sawatani, Yuriko, Hara, Tatsunori (Eds.), Serviceology for Designing the Future (pp. 23-36). Tokyo, JP : Springer.
    Ottenbacher, M., & Harrington, R. J. (2007). The innovation development process of Michelin-starred chefs. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(6), 444-460.
    Ozdemir, B., & Caliskan, O. (2014). A review of literature on restaurant menus: Specifying the managerial issues. International Journal of gastronomy and food science, 2(1), 3-13.
    Palmer, J., & Griswold, M. (2011). Product and service innovation within small firms: An exploratory case analysis of firms in the restaurant industry. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(13).221-223.
    Parsa, H. G., Self, J. T., Njite, D., & King, T. (2005). Why restaurants fail. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 46(3), 304-322.
    Pavesic, D. V. (1999). Restaurant Manager's Pocket Handbook: 25 Keys to Profitable Success. Menu Design. New York, NY : Lebhar-Friedman.
    Puspita, O. D. (2015). Physical evidence of small theme restaurant in Indonesia: A case study of ramen house. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 169, 289-295.
    Raab, C., & Mayer, K. (2007). Menu engineering and activity-based costing–can they work together in a restaurant?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(1), 43-52.
    Raab, C., Mayer, K., Kim, Y. S., & Shoemaker, S. (2009). Price-sensitivity measurement: a tool for restaurant menu pricing. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 33(1), 93-105.
    Raajpoot, N. A. (2002). TANGSERV: A multiple item scale for measuring tangible quality in foodservice industry. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 5(2), 109-127.
    Rachapaettayakom, P., Wiriyapinit, M., Cooharojananone, N., & Tanthanongsakkun, S. (2018, Mar). An exploratory study on the knowledge management process, tools, and technologies in the context of small restaurant businesses in Thailand. Paper session presented at 2018 7th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Reason J. (2000). Human error: models and management. The Western journal of medicine, 172(6), 393–396.
    Reynolds, D., Merritt, E. A., & Pinckney, S. (2005). Understanding menu psychology: An empirical investigation of menu design and consumer response. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 6(1), 1-9.
    Richmond, B. (1987). Systems thinking: Four key questions. Honolulu, HI : High Performance Systems.
    Roberto, C. A., Larsen, P. D., Agnew, H., Baik, J., & Brownell, K. D. (2010). Evaluating the impact of menu labeling on food choices and intake. American journal of public health, 100(2), 312-318.
    Ryu, K., Lee, H. R., & Gon Kim, W. (2012). The influence of the quality of the physical environment, food, and service on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(2), 200-223.
    Sanlier, N., CÖMERT, M., & DURLU‐ÖZKAYA, F. U. G. E. N. (2010). Hygiene perception: Condition of hotel kitchen staffs in Ankara, Turkey. Journal of food safety, 30(2), 415-431.
    Schindler, R. M., & Warren, L. S. (1988). Effect of odd pricing on choice of items from a menu. Advances in Consumer Research ,15(1), 348-353.
    Shomaker, S. (1993). A proposal to improve the overall price value perception of a product line. Journal of Restaurant & Foodservice Marketing, 1(1), 89-101.
    Sinkovics, R. R., Penz, E., & Ghauri, P. N. (2005). Analysing textual data in international marketing research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(1), 9-38.
    Spears, M. C., & Gregoire, M. B. (2003). Foodservice Organizations: A Managerial and Systems Approach (5th Edition). London, UK : Pearson.
    Sulek, J. M., & Hensley, R. L. (2004). The relative importance of food, atmosphere, and fairness of wait: The case of a full-service restaurant. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 45(3), 235-247.
    Susskind, A. M., & Chan, E. K. (2000). How Restaurant Features Affect Check Aberages: A Study of the Toronto Retaurant Market. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41(6), 56-63.
    Taylor, J., Reynolds, D., & Brown, D. M. (2009). Multi-factor menu analysis using data envelopment analysis. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(2), 213-225.
    Umeze, G. E., & Ohen, S. B. (2014, Jul). Marketing Mix Strategies and Entrepreneurial Competence: Evidence from Micro Restaurants in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria. Paper session presented at 29th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, Milan, Italy.
    Vaughn, P., Raab, C., & Nelson, K. B. (2010). The application of activity-based costing to a support kitchen in a Las Vegas casino. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(7), 1033-1047.
    Vissak, T. (2010). Recommendations for using the case study method in international business research. The Qualitative Report, 15(2), 370-388.
    Wansink, B., Painter, J., & Ittersum, K. V. (2001). Descriptive menu labels’ effect on sales. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(6), 68-72.
    Wilson, A. V. (2019). #Vegan : A critical analysis of the discourses around food, identity and responsibility from vegan Instagram influencers. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Wageningen University, Nederland.
    Worsfold, D. (2006). Consumer information on hygiene inspections of food premises. Journal of Foodservice, 17(1), 23-31.
    Yang, S. S. (2012). Eye movements on restaurant menus: A revisitation on gaze motion and consumer scanpaths. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(3), 1021-1029.
    Yew Wong, K., & Aspinwall, E. (2004). Characterizing knowledge management in the small business environment. Journal of Knowledge management, 8(3), 44-61.
    Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research: design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA : SAGE.
    Yoon, H. J., & George, T. (2012). Nutritional information disclosure on the menu: Focusing on the roles of menu context, nutritional knowledge and motivation. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(4), 1187-1194.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE