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研究生：	蔣美娟 Mei-chuan Chiang
論文名稱：	倣作範文在英文作文教學效益之研究 The Effects of Model-based Instruction on Chinese Students' English Writing
指導教授：	林至誠 Lin, Chih-cheng
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	英語學系 Department of English
論文出版年：	1999
畢業學年度：	87
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	135
中文關鍵詞：	組織、英文寫作、範文、成人
英文關鍵詞：	organization, English writing, model, adults, EFL
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：295 下載：0
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此研究旨在檢視倣作範文的組織對中國成年學生英文寫作教學上的成效，本研究之受試者是參與國立臺灣師範大學英語訓練中心在1997年9月26日至1998年1月9日為公務人員所開辦之英語寫作課，其皆第一次接觸英文寫作，研究結果顯示在接受倣作範文組織訓練後，這些成人學生在描述文及敘述文寫作上，於組織、內容、字彙及整體寫作品質上皆有顯著的進步，研究結果亦同時發現這些受試者在組織上的進步連帶促成他們在內容、字彙、文法、標點符號及整體寫作品質的進步。

This present study examines the effects of model-based instruction in organization on writing proficiency of Chinese adult students who are first introduced to English composition writing. Subjects were adult students of government employees who took English Writing in the English Training Center at National Taiwan Normal University from September 26, 1997 to January 9, 1998. The findings of this classroom study reveal that the model-based instruction in organization helps the adult learners write descriptive and narrative compositions with more coherent organization, richer content, more appropriate diction, and better writing quality. It is also found that the students' improvement in organization consequently initiates their improvements in content, vocabulary, grammar, mechanics, and overall writing quality.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... viii
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1
1  Motivation ....................................................................................................... 1
2  Significance of the Study ................................................................................. 3
3  Purposes of the Study ...................................................................................... 4
4  Statement of the Problem ................................................................................ 5
5  Research Hypotheses ....................................................................................... 5
6  Limitations ....................................................................................................... 6
LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................. 8
1  Elements of Organization ................................................................................ 8
2  Problems in Organization .............................................................................. 11
2.1  Transfer Factors ..................................................................................... 12
2.2  Developmental Factors .......................................................................... 15
3  Teaching Organization .................................................................................. 16
3.1  The Current-Traditional Rhetoric Approach ......................................... 18
3.2  The Reading-Writing Connection ..........................................................20
3.3  Process Approach .................................................................................. 21
4  Framework of the Present Study ................................................................... 23
METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 25
1  Subjects .......................................................................................................... 25
2  Research Variables ........................................................................................ 26
3  Teaching Procedures ..................................................................................... 28
3.1  Textbook Selection ................................................................................ 28
3.2  Teaching Method and Classroom Procedures ....................................... 28
3.3  Class Assignments ................................................................................. 30
4  Data Collection .............................................................................................. 32
5  Measurement Procedures ............................................................................... 32
5.1  Composition Grading Procedures .......................................................... 33
5.1.1  Design of the Rating Scale ........................................................33
5.1.2  Training Session ........................................................................ 40
5.1.3  Scoring and Reliability Testing ................................................. 43
5.2  Error Analysis Procedures ..................................................................... 44
5.2.1  Classification of Errors .............................................................. 44
5.2.2  Error Frequency Count .............................................................. 51
6  Data Analysis ................................................................................................. 52
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ................................................................. 54
1  Findings ......................................................................................................... 54
1.1  Organization Coherence ........................................................................ 54
1.2  Content Richness ................................................................................... 56
1.3  Vocabulary Appropriateness ................................................................. 58
1.3.1  Scores on Vocabulary ................................................................ 58
1.3.2  Vocabulary Error Frequency ..................................................... 60
1.3.3  Vocabulary Scores and Error Frequency ................................... 61
1.4  Grammatical Fluency ............................................................................. 62
1.4.1  Scores on Grammar ................................................................... 62
1.4.2  Grammatical Error Frequency ................................................... 64
1.4.3  Grammatical Scores and Error Frequency ................................. 66
1.5  Mechanics Accuracy .............................................................................. 66
1.5.1  Scores on Mechanics ................................................................. 67
1.5.2  Mechanics Error Frequency ...................................................... 68
1.5.3  Mechanics Scores and Error Frequency .................................... 70
1.6 Overall Writing Quality ......................................................................... 70
2 Discussion .......................................................................................................70
2.1  Comparison of the Pretest and the Posttest 1 ....................................... 73
2.1.1  Organization Coherence and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization ......................................................... 73
2.1.2  Content Richness and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization .......................................................... 79
2.1.3  Vocabulary Appropriateness and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization ......................................................... 83
2.1.4  Grammatical Fluency and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization .......................................................... 85
2.1.5  Mechanics Accuracy and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization .......................................................... 86
2.1.6  Overall Writing Quality and the Model-based Instruction
Focusing on Organization ......................................................... 87
2.2  Comparison of the Pretest and the Other Posttests ............................... 88
2.2.1  Organization Coherence ........................................................... 88
2.2.2  Content Richness ....................................................................... 97
2.2.3  Vocabulary Appropriateness ................................................... 104
2.2.4  Grammatical Fluency .............................................................. 106
2.2.5  Mechanics Accuracy ................................................................ 107
2.2.6  Overall Writing Quality ........................................................... 108
2.3  Further Discussion ............................................................................... 108
2.3.1  Instruction in Organization ...................................................... 108
2.3.2  Grammar and Vocabulary ........................................................ 109
2.3.3 Mechanics ................................................................................ 110
2.3.4 The Grading System ...............................................................110
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 112
1  Conclusion ................................................................................................... 112
2  Pedagogical Implications ............................................................................. 113
3  Suggestions for Further Research ................................................................ 114
BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................... 116
APPENDIX I.......................................................................................................... 121
APPENDIX II.......................................................................................................... 124
APPENDIX III.......................................................................................................... 127
APPENDIX IV.......................................................................................................... 129
APPENDIX V.......................................................................................................... 132
                                

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