本研究的主要目的在探討父母教養態度與幼兒奮力控制的關聯。首先瞭解父母教養態度的現況、幼兒奮力控制的現況，以及父母教養態度與幼兒奮力控制的關係。同時探討幼兒性別、家庭社經地位不同，父母教養態度和幼兒奮力控制的差異。
本研究以242位來自臺北市萬華區、中正區八所幼兒園中5-6歲大班的幼兒及其父母為研究對象。並以自編的父母教養態度問卷、改編的持續性操作任務為研究工具。研究資料再以SPSS23.0進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析，結果如下：
一、受試幼兒的父母教養態度皆趨正向。
二、受試幼兒奮力控制的表現都屬中上。
三、受試幼兒父母的教養態度與受試幼兒的奮力控制表現無顯著關聯。
四、性別不同、家庭社經地位不同，受試幼兒的父母教養態度並無不同。
五、性別不同、家庭社經地位不同，受試幼兒的奮力控制沒有顯著不同。

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between parenting attitudes and preschooler’s effortful control. First, understand the current situation of parenting attitudes and preschooler’s effortful control. Second, examine the association between parenting attitudes and preschooler’s effortful control. Finally, explore the differences of preschoolers in the gender and socio-economic status with parenting attitudes and effortful control. The 242 vaild sample who 5-6 year-old were from 8 preschools in Wanhua District, and Zhonghua District in Taipei. By using Parenting Attitude Questionnaire developed by researcher and Revise Continuous Performance Task, the data was collected. Then, the descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were used to analyze data. The main findings were summarized as follows:
1. The parenting attitudes are positive.
2.The performance of the preschooler’s effortful control are in the middle.
3. There were no significant correlation between parenting attitudes and preschooler’s effortful control.
4. There are no significant gender differences and SES differences in parenting attitudes.
5. There are no significant gender differences and SES differences in preschooler’s effortful control.

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