研究生: |
廖柏丞 Liao, bo-cheng |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
以聯合分析法探討產品屬性最佳化組合:以電動汽車為例 The Application of Conjoint Analysis to The Optimal Combination of Product Attributes - An Example of the Electric Vehicle |
指導教授: |
吳彥濬
Wu, Yen-Chun |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
全球經營與策略研究所 Graduate Institute of Global Business and Strategy |
論文出版年: | 2019 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 147 |
中文關鍵詞: | 聯合分析法 、產品屬性 、電動汽車 |
英文關鍵詞: | Conjoint Analysis, Product attributes, Electric vehicle |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201901015 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:224 下載:21 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
現今的電動汽車已經足以滿足一般消費者的日常代步需求,而許多國家也都紛紛立法規範將較禁止販售燃油汽車。相較於燃油汽車,電動汽車擁有更適合於道路行駛的特性,也因取用的動力來源不同,所以使用電動汽車可以有效的管理廢氣排放和提升能源的轉換效率,電動汽車儼然成為未來趨勢。縱觀國內的電動汽車市場,可以見得電動汽車在台灣並不盛行,不過台灣卻有發展電動汽車的地理條件和潛力技術。所以本研究將針對現今台灣電動汽車的產品屬性進行調查研究,探討消費者對於電動汽車之產品屬性偏好以及其相對重要性,並且以不同的區隔變數探討消費者對於電動汽車之產品屬性的權重重要性與偏好排序。本研究採用聯合分析法,並透過直交排列法(Orthogonal Arrays)建立受測體,再以整體輪廓法呈現問卷。本研究共發出227份問卷,扣除無效問卷10分,總計收回217份有效問卷,有效樣本率為95.59%。經分析後結果如下:
一、 全體受測者屬性偏好依序為: 「品牌形象」、「價格考量」、「車輛安全性」、「電池續航力」、「操控性能」。
二、 針對有無購買汽車經驗者作探討,其偏好排序皆為:「品牌形象」、「價格考量」、「車輛安全性」、「電池續航力」、「操控性能」。
三、 以不同變數區隔,發現除了31~40歲受測者最重視「價格考量」,最不重視「操控性能」,和職業為軍公教之受測者最重視「價格考量」,最不重視「電池續航力」,其餘每個變數區間之受測者皆最重視「品牌形象」,最不重視「操控性能」。
四、 比較中國受測者,中國受測者之偏好排序為 :「電池續航力」、「價格考量」、「車輛安全性」、「品牌形象」、「操控性能」。
本研究根據調查結果進行討論和給予建議,可以作為電動車廠在推行的動汽車的行銷管理參考。
Nowadays, the electric vehicle can satisfy the daily needs of the average consumer, and many countries have legislation to regulate the prohibition of selling the fuel vehicles. Compared with fuel vehicles, electric vehicles have characteristics that are more suitable for road driving, and the different sources using of power, electric vehicles can effectively manage exhaust emissions and improve energy conversion efficiency. Electric vehicles have become a future trend. In contrast, the domestic electric vehicle market is not popular in Taiwan, but Taiwan has the geographical conditions and potential for developing electric vehicles. Therefore, this study will investigate the product attributes of today's Taiwan electric vehicles, explore consumer preferences for electric vehicles and their relative importance, and discuss the weight of consumers' product attributes for electric vehicles in the different variables. In this study, I use the conjoint analysis method and build the subject by Orthogonal Arrays, and the questionnaire was presented by the overall contour method. A total of 227 questionnaires were sent out in this study. Ten invalid questionnaires were deducted, and a total of 217 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective sample rate was 95.59%. After analysis, the results are as follows:
(1) The attribute preference of all subjects is: "brand image", "price consideration", "vehicle safety", "battery endurance", "manipulation performance".
(2) For those who have experience in purchasing a car, their preference rankings are: "Brand Image", "Price Consideration", "Vehicle Safety", "Battery Endurance", "Manipulation Performance".
(3) Depending on different variables. It is found that those who are 31 to 40 years old are most concerned about "price consideration", and the least attention is paid to "manipulation performance", and the subjects who work in the government are most concerned with the "price consideration", and the least attention is paid to the "battery life". The subjects remaining in each variable interval are most valued for "brand image", and the least attention is paid to "manipulation performance."
(4) Comparing Chinese subjects, Chinese applicants' preference rankings are: "Battery Life", "Price Considerations", "Vehicle Safety", "Brand Image", and "Maneuvering Performance".
This study is based on the findings of the survey and recommendations, as it can be used as an electric vehicle manufacturer in the implementation of marketing management reference.
考文獻
中文文獻
余彥葶(2012):探討台灣電動車消費者購買動機之研究,中興大學科技管理研究所碩士論文。
周文賢、李宏達(1992):市場調查與行銷策略研擬。台北市:華泰書局。
周文賢、張欽富(2000):聯合分析在產品設計之運用。台北市:華泰書局。
張維元(2016):探討空氣污染指標與癌症統計資料關聯之資料驅動分析框架,清華大學資訊工程學系碩士論文。
郭裕元(2013):以科技接受模式探討影響消費者使用智慧電動車意圖之要素,成功大學工程管理碩士在職專班學位論文。
曾佩如、朱珮芸、傅強、陳怡妃、賴宜弘、蔡志賢、洪珮瑜(2018):降低移動污染源管理措施蒐集與彙析。交通部運輸研究所。台北市:九茹。
黃俊英(2000):多變量分析,台北:中國經濟企業研究所出版。
經濟部(2014):智慧電動車輛發展策略與行動方案,台北市:經濟部。
劉姿珊(2011):評估台灣消費者對導入電動車創新服務模式之接受意願-以台中地區為例,中興大學科技管理研究所學位論文。
蔣國瑞、李慧、顧傳龍(2010):汽車環境污染預警機制研究。計算機應用研究,27(1),177-180。
鄧鎮銘、謝明媛(2017):電動車必須與綠能並駕齊驅-電動車來臨正是台灣的機會。禪天下,152,14-21。
羅文坤(1986):行銷傳播學。台北:三民書局。
外文文獻
Antilla, M., van den Heuvel, R. R., & Moller, K. J. E. J. o. M. (1980). Conjoint measurement for marketing management. 14(7), 397-408.
Barth, M., Jugert, P., & Fritsche, I. (2016). Still underdetected – Social norms and collective efficacy predict the acceptance of electric vehicles in Germany. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 37, 64-77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2015.11.011
Best, R. J. (2009). Market-based management: Strategies for growing customer value and profitability.
Bjerkan, K. Y., Nørbech, T. E., & Nordtømme, M. E. (2016). Incentives for promoting Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) adoption in Norway. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 43, 169-180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.12.002
Bunsen, T., Cazzola, P., Gorner, M., Paoli, L., Scheffer, S., Schuitmaker, R., . . . Teter, J. (2018). Global EV Outlook 2018: Towards cross-modal electrification.
Burgess, M., King, N., Harris, M., & Lewis, E. (2013). Electric vehicle drivers’ reported interactions with the public: Driving stereotype change? Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 17, 33-44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2012.09.003
Cattin, P., & Wittink, D. R. (1982). Commercial use of conjoint analysis: A survey. Journal of Marketing, 46(3), 44-53.
Egbue, O., & Long, S. (2012). Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions. Energy Policy, 48, 717-729. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.009
Etzel, M. J., Walker, B. J., & Stanton, W. J. (1994). Fundamentals of marketing. In (9th ed ed.): New York: McGraw-Hill.
Giansoldati, M., Danielis, R., Rotaris, L., & Scorrano, M. (2018). The role of driving range in consumers' purchasing decision for electric cars in Italy. Energy, 165, 267-274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.095
Green, P. E., Krieger, A. M., & Wind, Y. J. I. (2001). Thirty years of conjoint analysis: Reflections and prospects. 31(3_supplement), S56-S73.
Green, P. E., & Rao, V. R. J. J. o. M. r. (1971). Conjoint measurement-for quantifying judgmental data. 8(3), 355-363.
Green, P. E., & Srinivasan, V. (1978). Conjoint analysis in consumer research: issues and outlook. Journal of consumer research, 5(2), 103-123.
Green, P. E., & Wind, Y. (1973). Multiattribute decisions in marketing: A measurement approach (Vol. 973): Dryden Press Hinsdale, IL.
Hackbarth, A., & Madlener, R. (2016). Willingness-to-pay for alternative fuel vehicle characteristics: A stated choice study for Germany. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 85, 89-111. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.12.005
Hair, J. F. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J. :: Prentice Hall.
Harrison, G., & Thiel, C. (2017). An exploratory policy analysis of electric vehicle sales competition and sensitivity to infrastructure in Europe. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 165-178. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.007
He, X., Zhan, W., & Hu, Y. (2018). Consumer purchase intention of electric vehicles in China: The roles of perception and personality. Journal of Cleaner Production, 204, 1060-1069. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.260
Kotler, P. (1997). Marketing management (9th ed ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ :: Prentice Hall.
Lu, C., Liu, H.-C., Tao, J., Rong, K., & Hsieh, Y.-C. (2017). A key stakeholder-based financial subsidy stimulation for Chinese EV industrialization: A system dynamics simulation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 118, 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.01.022
Mock, P., & Yang, Z. J. I., the internationa council on clean transportation. (2014). Driving electrification: A global comparison of fiscal incentive policy for electric vehicles.
Pearre, N. S., Kempton, W., Guensler, R. L., & Elango, V. V. (2011). Electric vehicles: How much range is required for a day’s driving? Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 19(6), 1171-1184. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2010.12.010
Richardson, P. S., Dick, A. S., & Jain, A. K. (1994). Extrinsic and intrinsic cue effects on perceptions of store brand quality. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 28-36.
Stelling Kończak, A., Hagenzieker, M., & Van Wee, B. (2015). Traffic Sounds and Cycling Safety: The Use of Electronic Devices by Cyclists and the Quietness of Hybrid and Electric Cars. Transport Reviews, 35(4), 422-444.
Verheijen, E., & Jabben, J. (2010). Effect of electric cars on traffic noise and safety.
網路資料
APEC能源國際合作資訊網(2018):全球電動車展望報告及我國策略解析。檢自:https://apecenergy.tier.org.tw/report/article52.php
行政院(2017):空氣污染防制行動方案。檢自:https://www.ey.gov.tw/Goals/81689F916EB5D550
張振群(2017):台灣 2040 年禁售燃油車算晚?看看其他國家時間表就知道。檢自:https://auto.ltn.com.tw/news/9091/43
張凱喬(2018):電動車產業現況剖析與發展趨勢。檢自:https://www.artc.org.tw/chinese/03_service/03_02detail.aspx?pid=13262&nPage=1&syear=2018&skind1=13&skind2=0&skeyword=%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A
黃樑傑(2014):電動車與車輛電子。檢自:https://www.artc.org.tw/chinese/03_service/03_02detail.aspx?pid=2677
鄭冠淳(2019):全球電動車中美領軍銷量翻倍 2019誰與爭鋒。檢自:https://www.artc.org.tw/chinese/03_service/03_02detail.aspx?pid=13330&nPage=1&syear=2019&skind1=13&skind2=0&skeyword=%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A
謝其政(2018):電動車不是環保萬靈丹。檢自:http://www.viewpointtaiwan.com/commentary/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%E7%92%B0%E4%BF%9D%E8%90%AC%E9%9D%88%E4%B8%B9/