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研究生：	張文瀚 Chang, Wen-Han
論文名稱：	製程參數與攪拌棒凸銷形狀對純鈦摩擦攪拌銲接接合特性與抗蝕性影響之研究 Influence of process parameters and stir rod pin profile on the joining characteristics and corrosion resistance of pure titanium by friction stir welding
指導教授：	程金保 Cheng, Chin-Pao
口試委員：	王星豪 Wang, Hsing-Hao 黃智威 Huang, Chih-Wei 程金保 Cheng, Chin-Pao
口試日期：	2021/10/21
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	機電工程學系 Department of Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年：	2021
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	107
中文關鍵詞：	摩擦攪拌銲接、純鈦、攪拌棒凸銷形狀、微觀組織、機械性質、抗腐蝕性
英文關鍵詞：	Friction stir welding, Pure titanium, Stirring rod pin shape, Microstructure, Mechanical property, Corrosion resistance
研究方法:	實驗設計法
DOI URL：	http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202101653
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：176 下載：7
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本研究使用摩擦攪拌銲接技術以對接的方式進行 Gr. 2 商業用純鈦的接合，攪拌棒使用碳化鎢製成，攪拌棒傾斜角 3°、下壓深度 1.6 mm，探討使用不同轉速、進給速度、攪拌棒凸銷形狀對於銲道機械性質影響。另外也探討使用摩擦攪拌銲接與惰氣鎢極電弧銲接銲後試片在 3.5 wt %氯化鈉水溶液中的抗腐蝕性比較。首先將接合之試片進行表面與斷面觀察、金相組織觀察、微硬度試驗、拉伸試驗等來分析銲件的機械性質，最後進行電化學腐蝕試驗來分析試片的抗腐蝕性。
實驗結果顯示使用加大錐形凸銷攪拌棒、轉速 400 rpm、進給速度 50 mm/min 時可以得到較佳的銲接性質，抗拉強度可達 310.63 MPa，為母材的 92.25 %。在攪拌棒凸銷的形狀上，使用圓柱形凸銷攪拌棒可以形成較大的攪拌區，但容易在材料內部產生缺陷;使用圓錐形凸銷攪拌棒則可以擴大成功銲接的範圍，但因攪拌區較小造成銲接強度不足。除此之外，純鈦經過摩擦攪拌銲接後在攪拌區內都可以觀察到明顯晶粒細化的效果，也讓該區域的硬度有所提升，可達到 175 HV 左右。熱影響區的晶粒尺寸則變化不大，但經過銲接後該區域硬度則有些微降低。在抗腐蝕性方面，經過摩擦攪拌銲接的試片在攪拌區內由於晶粒細化的作用，其抗腐蝕性都有明顯的提升，該區域內的抗腐蝕性不僅優於母材，也優於使用惰氣鎢極電弧銲接方法接合之試片。

In this study, friction stir welding was used to join Gr. 2 commercial pure titanium by means of butt joint. The stirring rod was made of tungsten carbide. The tilt angle of the stirring rod was 3° and the depression depth was 1.6 mm. The purpose of this study was to discuss the influence of using different rotation speeds, feed speeds, and the shapes of the pin of the stirring rod on the mechanical properties of the weld bead. In addition, the difference of corrosion resistance shown after friction stir welding and gas tungsten arc welding were in 3.5 wt % sodium chloride aqueous was also discussed. The experiment conducted surface and cross-section observation, tensile test, metallographic observation, microhardness test to analyze the mechanical properties, and finally ran an electrochemical corrosion resistance test to analyze the corrosion resistance.
Experimental results showed that the best welding properties could be obtained when using enlarged conical stirring rod pin, the speed was 400 rpm and the feed speed was 50 mm/min. The tensile strength could reach 310.63 MPa, which was 92.25 % of the base material. Regarding the shape of the pin of the stirring rod, the use of cylindrical pin stirring rod could form a larger stir zone, but it was likely to produce inner cavity defects. Furthermore, the use of conical pin stirring rod could expand the range of successful welding, however, the smaller stir zone caused insufficient welding strength. Besides, after pure titanium was in the process of friction stir welding, significant effect of grain refinement could be observed in the stir zone, and the hardness of this area had also been promoted to about 175 HV. The grain size of the heat-affected zone had not been greatly changed, but the hardness of the area slightly decreased after welding. In terms of corrosion resistance, due to the grain refinement of the friction stir welding test piece in the stir zone, its corrosion resistance had been significantly improved. The corrosion resistance in this area was not only better than the base material did, but also better than that of the specimen piece joined by gas tungsten arc welding process.

摘要 ......................................................................................................................... i Abstract ..................................................................................................................ii
誌謝 ....................................................................................................................... iv
目錄 ....................................................................................................................... vi
表目錄 ................................................................................................................... ix
圖目錄 .................................................................................................................... x
第一章 緒論..........................................................................................................1
1 研究背景.........................................................................................1
2 研究動機與目的.............................................................................2
第二章 文獻探討..................................................................................................3 
1 鈦金屬特性.....................................................................................3 
1.1 鈦金屬簡介..........................................................................3 
1.2 純鈦特性..............................................................................6 
2 摩擦攪拌銲接製程.........................................................................9 
2.1 摩擦攪拌銲接簡介..............................................................9 
2.2 摩擦攪拌銲接原理............................................................10 
2.3 銲道組織特徵....................................................................14 
2.4 攪拌棒凸銷形狀對銲接結果的影響................................16 
3 鈦的銲接.......................................................................................18 
4 晶粒尺寸對材料抗腐蝕性影響....................................................31 
第三章 實驗方法與步驟....................................................................................33
1 實驗流程.......................................................................................33 
2 實驗材料.......................................................................................34 
3 銲接製程與參數...........................................................................35 
4 銲接設備.......................................................................................38 
5 銲接特性分析...............................................................................43
5.1 金相微組織觀察................................................................43 
5.2 拉伸測試............................................................................44 
5.3 維克氏硬度測試................................................................45
6 電化學抗腐蝕性測試...................................................................47 
第四章 結果與討論............................................................................................49 
1 圓柱形凸銷攪拌棒銲接參數對純鈦接合性質影響...................49 
1.1 銲道表面與斷面形貌........................................................49 
1.2 銲件拉伸試驗....................................................................57 
1.3 銲道金相顯微組織觀察....................................................60 
1.4 銲道顯微硬度分析............................................................63 
2 圓錐形凸銷攪拌棒銲接參數對純鈦接合性質影響....................65 
2.1 銲道表面與斷面形貌.........................................................65 
2.2 銲件拉伸試驗.....................................................................73 
2.3 銲道金相顯微組織觀察.....................................................75 
2.4 銲道顯微硬度分析.............................................................80 
2.5 不同凸銷形狀對銲接結果影響比較................................82 
3 純鈦惰氣鎢極電弧銲接之接合性質分析...................................87 
3.1 銲道表面形貌....................................................................87
3.2 銲件拉伸試驗....................................................................88
3.3 銲道金相觀察與顯微硬度分析........................................89 
4 銲接對純鈦銲件之抗腐蝕性分析...............................................91 
4.1 摩擦攪拌銲接不同銲接參數對抗腐蝕性分析................91 
4.2 摩擦攪拌銲接不同攪拌棒凸銷形狀對抗腐蝕性分析....93 
4.3 不同銲接方法對抗腐蝕性之影響....................................93 
第五章 結論........................................................................................................99 
參考文獻 ............................................................................................................ 101
                                

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