研究生: |
鄒小蘭 Tsou Shiao-Lan |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
身心障礙資優生優弱勢分析及支援服務系統之探究 Support Service Systems through Strength and Weakness Analysis |
指導教授: |
盧台華
Lu, Tai-Hua |
學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
系所名稱: |
特殊教育學系 Department of Special Education |
論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 276 |
中文關鍵詞: | 身心障礙資優生 、優弱勢分析 、支援服務系統 、個案研究 、行動研究 |
英文關鍵詞: | gifted students with disabilities, strength and weakness analysis, support service systems, case study, action research |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:365 下載:50 |
分享至: |
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摘 要
本研究主要探究身心障礙資優生優弱特質,並依其優弱勢建構支援服務系統。研究對象為國小階段一至六年級亞斯伯格症資優生、高功能自閉症資優生、注意力缺陷過動症資優生與學習障礙資優生,共計9名。研究一採個案研究,透過訪談、文件分析、量表檢核與測驗評量等方式,進行個案資料蒐集與分析,藉以深入了解身心障礙資優生之優弱勢及支援服務系統現況與需求。研究二藉由研究一初擬之支援服務系統架構,採行動研究法,為個案、個案家庭和其就讀學校提供直接與間接支援服務,並探討身心障礙資優生支援服務系統之運作歷程及修正系統架構,期能落實身心障礙資優生優勢潛能獲得發展與弱勢困難得以補償之理想。綜合本研究主要發現如下:
壹、個案優弱勢分析方面
一、本研究從語文理解、知覺推理、創造思考、多元智能、情緒管理、人際互動與學習動機七個向度之多元評量與多資料來源綜合評估,能有效分析個案優弱勢,並可作為支援服務需求評估與規劃之依據。
二、本研究個案共同優勢為特定興趣領域的動機強烈、詞彙與常識豐富、喜好閱讀、記憶力佳、圖形設計與推理良好。共同弱勢需求為處理速度慢、書寫不佳、創意技巧不足、學習持續力弱、遇困難易放棄、不善人際互動與情緒管理待加強。較分歧的項目在於使用語文或圖像學習、口語表達與溝通能力、多元智能的優勢領域、學校學習的表現、情緒敏感性與學習態度等特質。
貳、支援服務系統現況需求與運作歷程方面
一、本研究分別從個案家庭、個案與其就讀學校三個子系統,進行以優勢潛能發展之支援服務,整體而言獲得個案、家長與學校人員之肯定與正向支持。
二、家庭最重要且急迫之支援服務需求為提升家長教養知能、 擴展人力支援與提供個案優勢潛能發展機會。其行動歷程與回饋為:以家長讀書會展開家庭支援服務第一步,協助家長認識身心障礙資優生特質與需求,成為孩子的倡導者;與過來人進行面對面討論座談,瞭解個案未來可能的發展與教養策略,並應同時掌握孩子優弱勢,創造孩子成功經驗;以及建立互信互助家長團體,形成家庭外部人力支援及心理支持力量,擴大成長力量。
三、本研究提供個案支援服務之行動歷程與回饋為:以優勢潛能發展為基礎,規劃假日充實課程,提供個案優勢學科領域發揮,創造思考技巧學習與身心障礙資優生同儕互動的機會;由獨特個案擔任小老師角色,提供優勢發表舞台,並成為他人楷模學習的榜樣;應用網路平台可擴展學習領域與延續學習動力,而挑戰性活動能提高參與感與滿意度;以及持續蒐集與提供適宜個案之充實課程資源。
四、學校最重要且急迫的支援服務為行政、師資、課程與諮詢向度。本研究對學校採間接支援服務方式,其行動歷程有:考量學校與家長意願;提供個案優弱特質評估報告;分析學校支援需求與調整評估結果;以及提供資源與建議,包括身心障礙資優生身心特質、需求、課程與教學等實務經驗分享,及電話諮詢服務。
參、身心障礙資優生支援服務系統架構與運作方面
一、修正後之家庭支援服務系統包括提升教養知能、參與人力支持團體、調整家庭生活經濟和資源、建立主動積極關愛之家庭信念和氛圍與持續獲得優弱勢資源。個案支援服務系統包括優弱勢評估、提供優勢發展課程、以優勢帶動弱勢補償、培養正向自我概念與提供發表舞台。學校支援服務系統包括行政與政策支持、跨領域師資團隊合作、課程彈性調整、教師主動研究與獲取專家諮詢及社區資源。
二、個案優弱勢與家庭和學校支援服務系統間產生交互作用。從本研究個案歸納支援系統間交互作用結果分為完美結合型、尋求突破型、淹沒忽略型與上緊發條型。
三、影響學校支援服務系統運作主要因素,包括行政人員與法令政策支持度、有無參與北市身心障礙資優試辦計畫及設置資優班、教師意願與相關知能、師資人力與跨領域合作團隊、課程彈性調整程度,及現有諮詢與社區支援管道暢通與否。影響家庭運作因素為家長教養知能、家庭信念與態度、互助團體、生活經濟與優弱勢資源等。
四、本支援服務系統以個案為核心,且個案、家庭與學校支援系統間維持評估、研擬、執行、再評估修正之協調合作歷程與機制。適宜擔任系統協調者角色有專業外部人員、學校個管老師、個案家長與個案本身。
最後提出研究者省思與支援服務系統實務運作之構想,及未來相關研究之建議。
關鍵詞:身心障礙資優生、優弱勢分析、支援服務系統、個案研究、
行動研究
Abstract
These serial studies were to investigate and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of gifted students with disabilities, and set up support service systems based on their specific characteristics and needs as well. Nine subjects were from 1st to 6th elementary schools, including gifted students with AS(4), HFA(2), ADHD(2), and LD(1).
Study one was a case study to investigate a thorough understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each individual student, and to set up a draft of support service systems. Study two was an action research to explore the implementation process of the draft drawn from study one and to form the final support service systems. The main findings were as follows:
1. Data gathered from verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, creative thinking, multiple intelligence, emotional management, interpersonal skills and learning motivations, could analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the subjects effectively, and be used as a basis to plan the support services.
2. Subjects in this study had many common strengths and weaknesses, including abundant vocabulary and knowledge, very strong learning motivations in specific fields, weak writing abilities, insufficient creative skills and weak preserves. However, they also had differences in many areas, such as learning styles, verbal expression and communication abilities.
3. Support services were provided to the subjects, their families and schools attended, and were satisfied by the above receivers.
4. Parental knowledge, man-power supports, and child’s potential development were important and urgent needs of the parents.
5. Creative thinking skill training, summer and weekend enrichment programs and internet challenging activities were needed to develop the potential strengths of the gifted students with disabilities.
6. Administration supports, cooperation between teachers of the disabled and those of the gifted, curriculum adaptation, and expert consultation were needed by the schools.
According to the above findings, the researcher proposed reflections and some suggestions for future implementations of support service systems and research.
Key words: gifted students with disabilities, strength and weakness analysis, support service systems, case study, action research
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