研究生: |
豐川佳奈 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
日籍漢語學習者在閱讀中的伴隨性詞彙學習初探 |
指導教授: |
曾金金
Tseng, Chin-Chin |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
華語文教學系 Department of Chinese as a Second Language |
論文出版年: | 2006 |
畢業學年度: | 94 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 155 |
中文關鍵詞: | 伴隨性詞彙學習 、詞彙處理策略 、策略教學 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:218 下載:46 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
日籍漢語學習者在閱讀中的伴隨性詞彙學習初探
中文摘要
關鍵字 : 伴隨性詞彙學習、詞彙處理策略、策略教學
很多學者(如:Hulstijn,2001; Vanniarajan,1997等)提到主要的詞彙學習之方法為伴隨性學習(incidental learning),就是學習重點非放在詞彙本身,而是透過其他語言活動學習詞彙。Nagy&Herman(1987)指出,閱讀是伴隨性詞彙學習中最主要的語境。那麼閱讀中伴隨性詞彙學習是如何發生的呢?學習者如何在閱讀中學習新詞?本論文主要觀察的是,Fraser(1999)所提到的三種詞彙處理策略之應用傾向:推測策略(inference)、忽略策略(ignorance)與諮詢策略(consultation)。
本文為了了解日籍漢語學習者伴隨性詞彙學習的過程,乃針對15位日籍漢語學習者(分成中高級程度以及優級程度兩組)進行測試,主要採有聲思考(think-aloud)進行閱讀理解,並且透過翻譯測驗以及後續訪談了解受試者在閱讀中伴隨性詞彙學習的現象,進一步分析比較兩組受試者處理陌生詞時所用的處理策略與其理解(comprehension)效果之間的關係。分析項目包括:陌生詞圈選結果、翻譯測驗結果、使用策略總數以及三種詞彙處理策略的使用傾向。(因為論文篇幅的限制,關於諮詢策略,本研究只透過訪談了解受試者平常使用策略的傾向,而不會特地列入在測試當中。)
測試結果顯示程度越高,其陌生詞越少;程度越低,陌生詞越多。並且翻譯測驗的結果顯示程度越高,成績越好,因為詞彙處理能力隨著越高,他們知道如何適當地處理一個陌生詞,因此進入習得範圍(正確以及部分正確)的詞彙便越多,未進入習得範圍(不正確、放棄、被忽略)的詞彙越多。
由與前人研究的比較顯示,漢語伴隨性詞彙學習的特徵。策略使用量及推測原則的使用量,詞內外線索的使用上,發現跟英語研究不同的結果。除此之外,也觀察到漢語伴隨性詞彙學習的特點:斷詞現象對詞彙學習的影響。
此外,探討構詞、詞類、以及學習者個別差異都有對伴隨性詞彙學習的影響。構詞,單純結合的構詞比非單純結合的構詞還容易伴隨性地學習。詞類,名詞及動詞比形容詞、副詞及專用名詞還容易伴隨性地學習。但看學習者個別差異的例子得知,除了詞的性質(構詞及詞類)以外,也有個人詞彙處理能力的影響。
以以上本研究結果中顯示的漢語伴隨性詞彙學習之特徵為基礎,提出在漢語詞彙學習中詞彙處理策略的策略教學方法。
參考文獻
中文部分
江新(1998)。詞彙習得研究及其在教學上的意義。語言教學與研究,第三期,65-73。
陳定安編著(1997)。英漢比較與翻譯。台北市:書林出版。
侯文詠(2004)。侯文詠極短片。台北市:皇冠叢書。
黃宣範(1988)。台灣話構詞論。載於鄭良偉和黃宣範著。現代台灣話研究論文集(pp.121-)。台北市:文鹤出版社。
崔永華主編(1997)。詞彙文字研究與對外漢語教學。北京:北京語言文化大學出版社。
彭旻裴(1999)。漢語作為第二語言之詞彙習得初探。台北市:國立台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所 碩士論文。(未出版)
戴曼純(2000)。論第二語言詞彙習得研究。外語教學與研究,第二期,138-144。
蔡如珮(2005)。雙字復合詞中的同根詞詞類探討語教學應用---以日語為母語之漢語學者為例。台北市:國立台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所 碩士論文。(未出版)
英文部分
Coady, J., & Huckin, T. (1997). Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Cobb, H., & Maera, P. (1998). Beyond A Clockwork Orange: Acquiring second language vocabulary through reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 11, 207-223.
Dupuy, B., & Krashen, S. (1993). Incidental Voocabulary Acquisition in French as a Foreign Language. Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 55-63.
Ellis, R.(1994). Factors in the incidental acquisition of second language vocabulary from oral input: A Review Essay. Applied Language Learning, 5, 1-32.
Fraser, C. A. (1999). Lexical processing strategy use and vocabulary learning through reading. SSLA, 21, 225-241.
Gass, S. (1999). Discussion. Incidental vocabulary learning. SSLA, 21, 319-333.
Haastrup, K. (1991). Lexical inferencing procedures or talking about words. Tubingen; Narr.
Huckin, T., & Coady, J.(1999). Incidental vocabulary acquisition in a second language : A Review. SSLA, 21, 181-193.
Hulstjin, J., & Greidanus. (1996). Incidental vocabulary learning by advanced foreign language students: the influence of marginal glosses, dictionary use, and reoccurrence of unknown words. The Modern Language Journal, 80, 327-339.
Hulstijn, J. (2001). Intentional and incidental second language vocabulary learning: A reappraisal of elaboration, rehearsal and automaticity. In R. Robinson (Ed.), Cognition and second language instruction. (pp.258-286) New York: Cambridge University Press.
Kelly, P. (1990). Guessing: no substitute for systematic learning of lexis. System,18, 199-208.
Knight, S. (1994). Dictionary use while reading: the effects on comprehension and vocabulary acquisition for students of different verbal abilities. Modern Language Journal, 78, 285-298.
Koda, Keiko. (1997). Orthographic knowledge in L2 lexical processing ---A cross-language perspective. In Coady, J. & Huckin, T. (Ed.), (pp.35-52)
Krashen, S. (1989). We acquire vocabulary and spelling by reading. Modern Language Journal, 73(4), 440-463.
Laufer, B. (1990). Why are some words more difficult than others?. International Review of Applied Linguistics, 28, 293-307.
Laufer, B. (1998). The development of passive and active vocabulary in a second language: same or different?. Applied Linguistics, 19(2): 255-271.
Laufer, B., & Paribakht, T.S. (1998). The Relationship between Passive and Active vocabularies: Effects of Language Learning Context. Language Learning, 48;3, 365-391.
Lawson, M., & Hogben, D. (1996). The Vocabulary-learning strategies of foreign-language students, Language Learning, 46(1), 101-135.
Li, X. (1988). Effects of contextual cues on inferring and remembering meanings of new words. Applied Linguistics, 9, 402-413.
Mondria, J. A. (2003). The effects of inferring, verifying, and memorizing on the retention of L2 word meaning. SSLA, 25, 473-499.
Nagy, W. E., & Herman, P. A. (1987). Breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge: Implications for acquisition and instruction. In Mckeown M. & Curtis, M. (Eds.), The nature of vocabulary acquisition. NJ: Erlbaum.
Nagy, W.E. & Anderson, R., &Herman(1987). Learning word meanings from context during normal reading. American Educational Research Journal, 24, 237-270.
Nation, I.S.P. (1990). Teaching and Learning Vocbualry. Boston: Heinle&Heinle Publishers.
Nation, I.S.P. (2001). Learning Vocbualry in Another Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paribakht, T.S., & Wheche, M. (1997). Vocabulary enhancement activitirs and reading for meaning in second language vocabulary acquisition. In Coady, J., & Huckin, T. (Ed.), (pp.174-200)
Paribakht, T.S., & Wheche, M. (1999). Reading and incidental L2 vocabulary acquisition. SSLA, 21, 195-224.
Rott, S. (1999). The effect of exposure frequency on intermediate language learners’incidental vocabulary acquisition and retention through reading. SSLA, 21, 589-619.
Schmitt, N. (1997). Vocabulary learning strategies. In Schmitt, N., & McCarthy, M.(pp.199-227)
Schmitt, N., & McCarthy, M. (1997). Vocabulary : Description, Acquisition and Pedagogy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schouten-van Parreren, C. (1989). Vocabulary learning through reading: Which conditions should be met when presenting words in texts?. AILA Review, 6, 75-85.
Sternberg, R. J. (1987). Most Vocabulary is learned from context. In M. G. McKeown & M. E. Curtis (Eds.) The nature of vocabulary acquisition (pp.89-105). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Vanniarajan, Swathi. (1997). An Interactive Model of Vocabulary Acquisition. Applied Language Learning, 8(2), 183-216.
Wheche, M., & Paribakht, T.S. (1996a). Enhancing vocabulary acquisition through reading: A hierarchy of text-related exercise types. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 52, 2, 155-177.
Wheche & Paribakht, (1996b). Assesing second language vocabulary: Depth vs breath. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 63, 13-40.
Wheche, M., & Paribakht, T.S. (1999). Introduction, Incidental vocabulary learning. SSLA, 21, 175-180.