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研究生: 楊倩姿
Yang, Chien-Tzu
論文名稱: 尋找好的服務?還是好看的服務? 比較兩岸連鎖餐飲服務產業美學勞務之落差
Looking Good? Good-looking? A Comparison Gap of Aesthetic Labor of Chain Service Industry Cross-Strait: Taiwan vs. China
指導教授: 王國欽
Wang, Kuo-Ching
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 人類發展與家庭學系
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
論文出版年: 2015
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 152
中文關鍵詞: 美學勞務知覺兩岸連鎖餐飲產業多群組結構方程模式
英文關鍵詞: Aesthetic Labor, Chain Service Industry Cross Strait, Multiple-group Structural Equation Modeling
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:171下載:0
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為符合消費者需求,跨國連鎖服務業目前面臨到的挑戰較過往更為複雜與競爭,服務到令人滿意與吸引顧客再度光臨成為重要課題。而員工就扮演賦予企業形象與口碑之重要角色。餐飲服務產業全球化布局,非常需要配合當地文化進行在地調整。在適宜的外表,對於工作勝任、公司的期望與訴求傳遞給顧客服務,也是相當具影響的也是常見在遴選員工時無形依據,過往研究卻鮮有研究論及。
本文旨在建構兩岸餐飲產業美學勞務知覺量表,探究對於員工在職場或升遷其扮演的前置因素,會產生何種影響組織與個人層面的知覺,對提供領導人或組織求才訴求之一個思考方向。
研究方法結合質化與量化方法以深入探討影響美學勞務知覺概念,並發展一套具信效度之衡量工具。質化研究部份,本研究深度訪談6位專家,依據量表建構程序發展測量美學勞務知覺量表且調查462位消費者,以探索性因素分析探究量表的因素結構,歸納出三個美學勞務知覺的範疇:美學特質、美儀條件、美學吸引力。
階段二則再次收集大陸301位消費者,以驗證性因素分析,進一步驗證在美學勞務知覺對於兩岸連鎖產業消費者感受的顧客滿意度與行為意圖之關係,其以提供兩岸連鎖餐飲業者,在跨兩岸人力資源部分之規劃與管理之參考。本研究亦提出若干管理意涵與未來研究方向之建議。

Nowadays, the Chain service industry has encountered a more complex and competitive challenge to fulfill the need of customers than ever. It is an important topic on how to provide a satisfactory service and to attract the return of customers, and employees are crucial to represent the image and the public reputation of an enterprise. The global arrangement of catering industry needs to cooperate and adjust with the local culture. The proper appearance influences job competence, company’s expectation and appeal to customers, and is also an invisible standard to select an employee. However, researchers rarely discussed about the topic of Aesthetic Labor in the past.
Therefore, this study integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches to explore the influences of Aesthetic Labor perception deeply and to develop a reliable and valid measurable scale. First, 6 professionals were interviewed and an exploratory factor analysis was performed by investigating 462 consumer. Through content analysis, the Aesthetic Labor perception were identified and then classified into three aspects: aesthetic qualities, etiquette condition and aesthetic appeal. The second stage is to collect the questionnaires of 301 consumers in China to compare the impact of aesthetic labor perception on customer’s satisfaction and behavioral intention between cross-strait consumers in chain catering industry by confirmatory factor analysis.
In conclusion, this study constructs a standard scale for aesthetic labor perception, and aims at exploring how the pre-existing factors of employees’ job performance and promotion affect the perception of organization and individuals. It provides a brand-new direction of recruitment for supervisors and organization, and a reference material for cross-strait chain catering industry to plan and manage the human resources. Moreover, it contributes several management implications and suggestions to future researches in the catering industry

致謝詞 I 中文摘要 II 英文摘要 III 表 次 VIII 圖 次 IX 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景 1 第二節 研究問題 4 第三節 研究目的 12 第四節 研究範圍 13 第五節 研究流程 14 第二章 文獻探討 16 第一節 兩岸餐飲產業的概況 16 一、 臺灣餐飲產業之概況 16 二、 大陸餐飲產業之概況 18 三、 臺灣與大陸餐飲產業合作契機 21 第二節 美學勞務 28 一、 美學勞務之萌芽 28 二、 美學勞務之定義 29 三、 美學勞務之技能需求 30 四、 美學勞務之組織人力資源管理措施 32 五、 美學勞務相關研究 33 六、 美學勞務產業現況規範 36 第三節 跨文化訓練 38 第四節 顧客滿意度 46 一、 顧客滿意度之定義 46 二、 顧客滿意度之相關研究 47 第三章 研究方法 49 第一節 質性研究 49 一、 美學勞務問卷量表發展 49 二、 受訪者之選取 50 第二節 訪談結果 52 一、 美學勞務認知定義與特質 52 二、 美學勞務認知在餐飲業之雇用員工之美學基礎 53 三、 美學勞務認知在服務品質中影響 54 第三節 量化研究 56 第四節 研究架構與研究假設 62 第五節 問卷設計 67 一、 美學勞務知覺之操作性定義 67 二、 顧客滿意度之操作性定義與變項衡量 67 三、 行為意圖之操作性定義與變項衡量 68 第六節 研究之抽樣對象及調查方法 69 第七節 資料分析方法 71 一、 敘述性統計分析 71 二、 項目分析 71 三、 信度分析 71 四、 峰度與態勢 71 五、 效度分析 72 六、 同質性檢驗 72 七、 內在結構適配度評鑑 72 八、 結構方程模式 73 九、 整體適配度的評鑑 73 十、 多群組結構方程式模型分析 76 第四章 研究結果 78 第一節 第一次調查之樣本特性(臺灣) 78 第二節 量表鑑別力分析 80 一、 項目特性 80 二、 修正題項總相關與鑑別分析 82 第三節 探索性因素分析 85 第四節 信度分析 87 第五節 第二次樣本特性(大陸地區) 88 第六節 驗證性因素分析 90 第七節 建構效度與學說效度 94 一、 建構效度 94 二、 學說效度 95 第八節 多群組結構方程模式分析 98 第五章 結論與建議 102 第一節 研究結論與意涵 102 一、 質化研究-量表建構 102 二、 量化研究-跨國之學說驗證 108 第二節 研究限制與建議 112 一、 質化研究之受訪對象 112 二、 樣本調查不易,避免分佈不均與填答限制 112 三、 兩岸餐飲服務產業認知品牌價值極端 113 參考文獻 114 附錄一 兩岸連鎖餐飲服務產業美學勞務之專家問卷 131 附錄二 兩岸連鎖餐飲服務產業美學勞務之臺灣消費者問卷 137 附錄三 兩岸連鎖餐飲服務產業美學勞務之大陸消費者問卷 141 附錄四 兩岸連鎖餐飲服務產業調查後記 145

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