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研究生: 徐伊萱
Hsu, Yi-Hsuan
論文名稱: 成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡者之哀悼經驗:敘事研究
Mourning for Peers’ Death in Emerging Adulthood: A narrative study
指導教授: 鄔佩麗
Wu, Pei-Li
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 教育心理與輔導學系
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 179
中文關鍵詞: 成年初顯期同儕死亡哀悼敘事研究文化
英文關鍵詞: emerging adulthood, peer's death, mourning, narrative research, culture
DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202204956
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:406下載:55
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  • 本研究採用質性的敘事研究法,透過生命故事的呈現,以瞭解成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡者之哀悼經驗與影響、因應方式,以及其需求。研究者以立意取樣邀請三位願意分享於成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡哀悼經驗的研究參與者,研究參與者初次訪談年齡在26-29歲間。本研究運用半結構式訪談大綱進行深度訪談;將研究參與者的訪談內容謄寫為逐字稿後,研究者為呈現研究參與者的角度,以第一人稱撰寫其生命故事,再以敘事分析法中的「整體-內容」形式進行分析。
    研究發現研究參與者於成年初顯期面對同儕死亡碰撞時,個體經歷失去生命掌控感的焦慮。在葬禮中哀悼者面對死亡事實,但哀悼者認為當下只是行禮如宜的參加者。與他人的互動經驗裡,哀悼者得到的支持少於其需求,同時由於文化對於同儕角色的社會期待,使得同儕死亡哀悼者的悲傷難以與逝者家庭交流。
    本研究顯示同儕哀悼者受到成年初顯期發展特性的影響,經歷同儕死亡後哀悼者重新檢視與他人的關係,在追尋夢想的過程產生擺動。死亡相關禮俗中,同儕關係在社會中不被重視,哀悼者的悲傷表達在社會影響下轉為被動,因此哀悼者的悲傷不容易被他人辨識與理解,使得哀悼過程孤獨。
    綜合研究發現哀悼者因應不同的哀悼經驗,採取不同的方式協助自己,包含哀悼者嘗試理解或重新詮釋哀悼經驗,藉由行動協助自己適應沒有逝者的世界,運用內在對話與逝者產生永恆連結,並且重新建構死亡對於自己的意義。
    本研究指出哀悼者在哀悼經驗的影響下,其哀悼需求如下:
    (1)由於他人不了解同儕死亡帶給哀悼者的經驗與影響,使個體表達悲傷、尋求社會支持上產生困難,因此哀悼者需要來自他人主動的理解與認可。
    (2)因成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡的衝擊,使哀悼者產生困惑與痛苦,在快速、短暫的幫助下,哀悼者並未得到適切的抒發,哀悼者需要適時的引導與教育。
    (3)同儕哀悼者們需要個別化哀悼協助自己與逝者告別,同時也需要集體哀悼共同談論逝者、表達悲傷,促進團體與逝者的連結。
    (4)由於社會對同儕死亡哀悼者在哀悼療癒空間與時間的不友善,因此需創造屬於哀悼者的哀悼空間與時間,讓他們能夠全心、安心地感受自己在面對失落的痛苦。

    最後,研究者根據上述研究結果與發現,分別對於專業心理工作人員、哀悼者、陪伴者,以及未來研究提出建議。

    This qualitative study aims at the impact of peers’ death on people who are in their emerging adulthood. Based on the narrative research method, the researcher interviewed three participants aged between 26 to 29 with a semi-structured interview program to co-construct their life narratives and analyzed them with the "holistic-content" method.
    The result shows that all the participants gained less support than they actually needed. Some of them experienced loss of control over life, and re-examined their dreams and future. They also indicated that peers are often regarded as mere participants at funerals, so their condolences are seldom identified and understood.
    Participants are found to adopt different methods to help themselves cope with feeling of loss, including reinterpreting their mourning experiences and taking action to move on without the deceased ones.
    The impact of mourning experiences and mourners' needs are as follows: (1) Active understanding and recognition from others can help mourners express sorrows and seek support . (2) The confusion and agony in the mourning process requires duly guidance and education. (3) Peer mourners need individual as well as communal mourning. (4) Peer mourners need appropriate space and time constructed by the society.
    Based on the results and discovery mentioned above, the researcher proposed suggestions for professional psychology workers, mourners, companions, and future studies.

    誌謝辭 i 中文摘要 iii 英文摘要 v 目次 vii 表次 ix 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究問題 5 第三節 名詞釋義 5 第二章 文獻探討 7 第一節 成年初顯期的內涵 7 第二節 失落、悲傷與哀悼 14 第三節 同儕死亡相關研究 22 第四節 哀悼與文化 26 第三章 研究方法 35 第一節 研究取向與設計 35 第二節 研究參與者之選擇與描述 39 第三節 研究程序 41 第四節 研究工具 46 第五節 研究品質的檢核 49 第六節 研究倫理 52 第四章 研究結果 53 第一節 小艾的故事 53 第二節 糖糖的故事 75 第三節 小猴的故事 97 第五章 研究討論 121 第一節 成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡者的哀悼經驗 122 第二節 哀悼經驗對成年初顯期同儕死亡哀悼者的影響 129 第三節 成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡者面對哀悼經驗影響的調適 137 第四節 成年初顯期經歷同儕死亡者在哀悼上的需求與期待 143 第六章 結論與建議 147 第一節 研究結論 147 第二節 研究建議 151 第三節 研究省思 156 參考文獻 161 中文部分 161 英文部分 164 附錄 173 附錄一 研究邀請函(文字版) 173 附錄二 研究邀請函(圖片版) 174 附錄三 訪談大綱 175 附錄四 研究同意書 176 附錄五 研究結果檢核函 177 附錄六 騰稿員同意書 178 附錄七 錄音檔逐字稿謄寫須知 179

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