人口老化這問題早已成為全球經濟高度發展之國家的重要議題，不僅如此，近年來隨著高齡人口越來越多、失智症人口不斷增加的情況下，多數的失智症患者選擇居住於社區中，接觸者除了社區中的街訪鄰居，餐飲從業人員往往也是容易於第一線接觸到患者的族群。因此本研究旨在探討餐飲管理系大專生對失智症的知識與態度之現況、不同性別、接觸經驗、照護經驗對於失智症的知識與態度之差異性，以及經由公播版失智症知識線上影片介入後，對於餐飲管理系大專生們的影響。本研究採前實驗研究之單組前後測設計，研究對象為現正就讀於中部某科技大學之餐飲管理學系學生，使用完成翻譯的失智症知識 (DKAS) 與態度 (Allophilia) 量表作為評估工具，並使用財團法人天主教失智老人基金會自製之「阿嬤妮 (Amani)」系列失智症知識影片作為介入，實得有效樣本數為124份。根據SPSS 23.0統計結果，受試者的失智症知識現況較為不足、態度現況為中等偏正向，不同性別、接觸經驗與照護經驗分別對於的失智症知識與態度並無明顯差異，但女大生所具備的失智症知識與態度高於男大生、有接觸失智症患者經驗之大專生在整體失智症知識與態度的部分高於無接觸經驗之大專生、有照護失智症患者經驗之大專生在整體失智症知識與態度的部分高於無照護經驗之大專生。而影片介入後僅有部分提升了大專生對於失智症的知識與態度。因此，線上公播版失智症知識影片介入對於提升受試者的失智症知識與態度可能有潛在的助益，建議未來可針對大專生發展失智症相關知識線上課程，有益於失智症知識的提升與正向態度的建立。

The aging population problem has already become an important issue for this country in terms of the development of global economy. Not only that, the elderly population has been growing in recent years and a significant amount of these individuals are affected by dementia. Since most people with dementia choose to live in the community, they come in contact with visitors to the community and catering staff. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the current situation of knowledge and attitude towards dementia among college students majored in the food and beverage management. Furthermore, this study analyses the difference in knowledge and attitude between genders, experiences with dementia patients and nursing experience. In addition, the type influence online videos of dementia have among these college students. For the methodology, a single-group test design was used for the pre-experimental study. The subjects of the study were students studying majored in the food and beverage management in a university of science and technology in central Taiwan. The DKAS and Allophilia scales were used as assessment tools. The "Amani" series of dementia knowledge videos made by 「Taiwan Catholic Foundation of Alzheimer's disease and Related Dementia」 were used as intervene. The samples gathered for this study involved 124 individuals. According to the statistical results of SPSS 23.0, the subjects' current knowledge of dementia was relatively insufficient and their current attitude was moderately positive. There was no significant difference in the knowledge and attitude of dementia among different genders, contact experience and nursing experience. However, female students have more knowledge on dementia and attitude compared to males. The students who have experience with dementia patients have better attitude towards them compared to students who have no experience with dementia patients and those students who have experience looking after dementia have better knowledge and attitude towards them compared to students with no experience. After the intervention of the film, college students' knowledge of dementia and their attitude towards dementia were slightly improved. The results showed that the intervention of the video on dementia knowledge potentially helped improve the subjects' dementia knowledge and attitude. In addition, Online courses on Dementia related knowledge with a long duration are beneficial to the improvement of Dementia knowledge and the establishment of positive attitude.

台灣失智症協會(2020)。105~150年臺灣地區失智症人口推估報告。取自http://www.tada2002.org.tw/tada_know_02.html
巫瑩慧(2021)。你了解失智症共同照顧中心嗎？。健康世界，530，25-28。
李麗君、陳彰惠、楊玉娥(2010)。性別差異對男性護理人員關懷照護之影響。護理雜誌，57(1)，77-81。
林宛玲、呂宜峰、劉建良、翁林仲、楊啟正(2020)。失智症照護之五大重要發展方向。北市醫學雜誌，17(2)，163-173。
林宗輝、賴宜君(2019)。民眾對於失智症的認知及預防之研究。休閒保健期刊，22，113-132。
林詩淳、蔡坤維、史先壽、王書瑜、陳妙文、辜美安(2015)。老年失智症患者的醫療與照護。領導護理，16(3)，13-19。
吳信宏(2019)。失智症照護在台灣的重要性。品質月刊，55(7)，4-7。
吳旻純(2011)。自主性線上影音觀看模式對語言學習之影響。生活科技教育，44(4)，22-32。
邱浩彰(1995)。失智症的認識與頭腦的保健。臺北：正中書局。
韋淑玲、蔡芸芳(2002)。花蓮地區民眾對於老人失智症相關知識及態度之探討。慈濟醫學雜誌，14(2)，97-104。
財團法人天主教失智老人社會福利基金會。失智百科。取自https://www.cfad.org.tw/knowledge/37
國家發展委員會。中華民國人口推估 (105年至150年)。取自 http://www.ndc.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=84223C65B6F94D72
徐文俊(2017)。失智症預防之最新概念。中華民國內膜異位症婦女協會會刊，24(3&4)，8-10。
徐榮隆(2017)。失智症常見種類與檢查。中華民國內膜異位症婦女協會會刊，24(3&4)，10-13。
徐灩、吳美鳳(2019)。失智症的精神行為症狀，正確治療與照護很重要。彰基院訊，36(3)，18-19。
陳韋良、張耀文、高東煒(2017)。失智症之診斷與治療。源遠護理，11(2)，12-17。
陳建民、廖妙淯(2005)。退化性失智症成因及臨床特徵介紹。當代醫學，385，927-932。
許庭榕、黃仲禹(2020)。失智症非藥物治療照護。臨床醫學，85(2)，81-87。
梁家欣、程蘊菁、陳人豪(2014)。失智症之重點回顧。內科學誌，25(3)，151-157。
黃楚雲、黃錦章(2012)。巴金森失智症與路易氏體失智症。應用心理研究，55，59-98。
黃月順(2020)。失智症之營養與飲食照護。中國鍼灸學雜誌，8(1)，28-40。
張凱茗(2013)。腦中風與失智。血管醫學防治季刊，16，2-3。
蔡義清、江慧貞(2020)。影響隨選串流媒體平台消費使用意願因素與行銷策略之研究。管理資訊計算，9(1)，75-83。
衛生福利部(2017)。失智症防治照護政策綱領暨行動方案 2.0。衛生福利部。取自 https://www.mohw.gov.tw/cp-16-42878-1.html
蕭巧昱(2018)。友善失智正視遺忘者的價值。國立交通大學喀報，289。取自https://castnet.nctu.edu.tw/castnet/article/12726?issueID=692
蕭伃伶、劉芳、戈依莉(2020)。居家安寧療護之性別差異。源遠護理，14(2)，11-17
顏兆熊(2010)。失智症之預防。當代醫學，435，7-11。
羅彥宇(2006)。額顳葉型失智症。慈濟醫學雜誌，18(5_S)，29-33。
 
Annear, M. J., Toye, C., Elliott, K. J., McInerney, F., Eccleston, C., & Robinson, A. (2017). Dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS): Confirmatory factor analysis and COMPARATIVE subscale scores among an international cohort. BMC Geriatrics, 17(1), 1-11.
Ayalon, L., & Areán, P. A. (2004). Knowledge of Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups of older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(1), 51-57.
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Baker, J. R., Low, L., Goodenough, B., Jeon, Y., Tsang, R. S., Bryden, C., & Hutchinson, K. (2017). The kids insight into dementia survey (kids): Development and preliminary psychometric properties. Aging & Mental Health, 22(8), 953-959.
Bem, D. J. (1972). Self-Perception theory. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 1-62.
Blieszner, R., & Artale, L. M. (2001). Benefits of intergenerational service-learning to human service majors. Educational Gerontology, 27, 71–87.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185-216.
Brislin, R. W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. In W. J. Lonner & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Field methods in cross-cultural research (pp. 137–164). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Butler, R. N. (1980). Ageism: A foreword. Journal of Social Issues, 36(2), 8-11.
Cahill, S., Clark, M., O'Connell, H., Lawlor, B., Coen, R. F., & Walsh, C. (2008). The attitudes and practices of general practitioners regarding DEMENTIA diagnosis in Ireland. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(7), 663-669.
Cahill, S., Pierce, M., Werner, P., Darley, A., & Bobersky, A. (2015). A systematic review of the public’s knowledge and understanding of alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 29(3), 255-275.
Cipriani, G., Danti, S., Picchi, L., Nuti, A., & Fiorino, M. D. (2020). Daily functioning and dementia. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 14(2), 93-102.
Eccleston, C., Doherty, K., Bindoff, A., Robinson, A., Vickers, J., & Mcinerney, F. (2019). Building dementia knowledge globally through the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). Npj Science of Learning, 4(1), 1-6.
Eggink, E., Moll van Charante, E. P., Van Gool, W. A., & Richard, E. (2019). A population perspective on prevention of dementia. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(6), 834.
Farina, N., Hughes, L. J., Griffiths, A. W., & Parveen, S. (2019). Adolescents’ experiences and perceptions of dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 24(7), 1175-1181.
Farina, N., Hughes, L. J., Jones, E., Parveen, S., Griffiths, A. W., Galvin, K., & Banerjee, S. (2020). The effect of a dementia awareness class on changing dementia attitudes in adolescents. BMC Geriatrics, 20(1), 1-9.
Fratiglioni, L., Paillard-Borg, S., & Winblad, B. (2004). An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia. The Lancet Neurology, 3(6), 343-353.
Gay, L. R. (1992). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application. New York: Macmillian.
Griffiths, A. W., Parveen, S., Shafiq, S., & Oyebode, J. R. (2018). Development of the adolescent attitudes towards dementia scale (a-ads). International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(8), 1139-1145.
Iliffe, S., De Lepeleire, J., Van Hout, H., Kenny, G., Lewis, A., Vernooij-Dassen, M., & The Diadem Group. (2005). Understanding obstacles to the recognition of and response to dementia in different European countries: A Modified focus group approach USING multinational, Multi-disciplinary expert groups. Aging & Mental Health, 9(1), 1-6.
Kelman, H. C. (1958). Compliance, identification, and internalization three processes of attitude change. Journal of conflict resolution, 2(1), 51-60.
Kim, J. O., Lee, S. J., & Pyo, J. (2020). Effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on post-stroke cognitive impairment and vascular dementia: A meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 15(2), 1-10.
Kinney, J. M., Yamashita, T., & Brown, J. S. (2016). Measuring positive attitudes toward persons WITH dementia: A validation of THE Allophilia scale. Dementia, 16(8), 1045-1060.
LI, X., FANG, W., SU, N., LIU, Y., XIAO, S., & XIAO, Z. (2011). Survey in SHANGHAI communities: The public awareness of and attitude towards dementia. Psychogeriatrics, 11(2), 83-89.
Liu, D., Cheng, G., An, L., Gan, X., Wu, Y., Zhang, B., . . . Wu, L. (2019). Public knowledge about dementia in China: A National Wechat-based Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(21), 1-14.
Mackenzie, J. (2006). Stigma and dementia. Dementia, 5(2), 233-247.
Martyr, A., & Clare, L. (2017). Awareness of functional ability in people with early-stage dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(1), 31-38.
Milne, A. (2010). The ‘d’ word: Reflections on the relationship between stigma, discrimination and dementia. Journal of Mental Health, 19(3), 227-233.
Mukadam, N., Cooper, C., Basit, B., & Livingston, G. (2011). Why do Ethnic elders present later to Uk dementia Services? A qualitative study. International Psychogeriatrics, 23(7), 1070-1077.
Mukadam, N., & Livingston, G. (2012). Reducing the stigma associated with dementia: Approaches and goals. Aging Health, 8(4), 377-386.
Nelson, T. D. (2009). Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. New Yark: Psychology Press.
Neugroschl, J., Sewell, M. C., Umpierre, M., Rodriguez, R., Meyers, L., Kranes, S., . . . Sano, M. (2018). Elderly latino community members make an educational video: An academic-community collaboration to promote memory evaluations. International Psychogeriatrics, 31(07), 989-995.
Nielsen, T. R., & Waldemar, G. (2015). Knowledge and perceptions of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups in Copenhagen, Denmark. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(3), 222-230.
O'Connor, M. L., & McFadden, S. H. (2010). Development and psychometric validation of the Dementia Attitudes Scale. International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2010, 1-10.
Oyewola, D., Alechenu, B., Al-Mustapha, K. A., & Oyewande, O. (2020). Classification of dementia diseases using deep learning techniques. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 4(2), 371-379.
Parveen, S., Griffiths, A. W., & Farina, N. (2020). The development and validation of the adolescent level of contact with dementia scale. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 35(10), 1134-1140.
Pittinsky, T. L., Rosenthal, S. A., & Montoya, R. M. (2011). Measuring positive attitudes toward outgroups: Development and validation of the Allophilia Scale. In L. R. Tropp & R. K. Mallett (Eds.), Moving beyond prejudice reduction: Pathways to positive intergroup relations (pp. 41–60). American Psychological Association.
Poreddi, V., Carpenter, B. D., Gandhi, S., Chandra, R., & BadaMath, S. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate nursing students Toward dementia: An Indian perspective. Investigación Y Educación En Enfermería, 33(3), 519-528.
Prince, M. (2015). World alzheimer report 2015: The global impact of dementia: An analysis of prevalence, incidence, cost and trends. London: Alzheimer's Disease International.
Prince, M. (2016). World alzheimer report 2016: Improving healthcare for people living with dementia: Coverage, quality and costs now and in the future. London: Alzheimer's Disease International.
Prins, M., Veerbeek, M., Willemse, B. M., & Pot, A. M. (2019). Use and impact of the alzheimer experience: A free online media production to raise public awareness and enhance knowledge and understanding of dementia. Aging & Mental Health, 24(6), 985-992.
 
Richard, E., Jongstra, S., Soininen, H., Brayne, C., Moll van Charante, E. P., Meiller, Y., . . . Andrieu, S. (2016). Healthy ageing through Internet counselling in the Elderly: The HATICE randomised controlled trial for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment. BMJ Open, 6(6), 1-10.
Robertshaw, D., & Kotera, Y. (2020). Changing attitudes with a MOOC on dementia. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning, 22(2), 27-40.
Robinson, A. L., Vickers, J., Goldberg, L., Canty, A., & McInerney, F. (2017). The successful and Innovative Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course (UD MOOC). Innovation in Aging, 1(suppl_1), 1009.
Rosow, K., Holzapfel, A., Karlawish, J. H., Baumgart, M., Bain, L. J., & Khachaturian, A. S. (2011). Countrywide strategic plans on alzheimer's disease: Developing the framework for the international battle against alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 7(6), 615-621.
Rosenberg, M. J., & Hovland, C. I. (1960). Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Components of Attitudes. In M. J. Rosenberg, & C. I. Hovland (Eds.), Attitude Organization and Change: An Analysis of Consistency among Attitude Components (pp.1-14). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Strøm, B., Engedal, K., & Andreassen, L. (2019). Nursing Staff’s knowledge and attitudes TOWARD Dementia: A pilot study from an Indian perspective. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 9(3), 352-361.
Van Patten, R., & Tremont, G. (2018). Public knowledge of late-life cognitive decline and dementia in an international sample. Dementia, 19(6), 1758-1776.
Vernooij-Dassen, M. J., Moniz-Cook, E. D., Woods, R. T., Lepeleire, J. D., Leuschner, A., Zanetti, O., . . . Iliffe, S. (2005). Factors affecting timely recognition and diagnosis of Dementia across EUROPE: From awareness to stigma. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(4), 377-386.
Viticchi, G., Falsetti, L., Burattini, M., Zaccone, V., Buratti, L., Bartolini, M., . . . Silvestrini, M. (2020). Atrial fibrillation on patients with vascular dementia: A fundamental target for correct management. Brain Sciences, 10(7), 1-10.
Walters, P. (1978). Invariant measures and equilibrium states for some mappings which expand distances. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 236, 121-121.
Werner, P., & Kermel Schiffman, I. (2017). Exposure to a national multimedia alzheimer's disease awareness campaign: Assessing stigmatic beliefs towards persons with the disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 33(2), e336-e342.
World Health Organization. (2015). World health statistics 2015. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Zagzebski L. (2017). What is knowledge?. J. Greco & E. Sosa (Eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Epistemology (pp. 92-116). Oxford: Blackwell.