研究生: |
曾志明 Tseng chih ming |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
智障者下階梯動作特徵之研究 Stair-descending Characteristics in individuals with Mental Disabilities |
指導教授: |
林曼蕙
Lin, Man-Hway |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
體育學系 Department of Physical Education |
論文出版年: | 2006 |
畢業學年度: | 95 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 83 |
中文關鍵詞: | 下階梯動作特徵 、平衡能力 、下肢肌力 |
英文關鍵詞: | stair-dascending characteristics, balance abilities, lower limb strength |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:409 下載:1 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
國 立 台 灣 師 範 大 學 體 育 學 系
碩 士 論 文
智障者下階梯動作特徵研究
摘要
本研究的目的是:一、描述智障者下階梯之動作特徵;二、探討智障者下階梯之動作特徵與其平衡能力的相關;三、探討智障者下階梯之動作特徵與其下肢肌力的相關;四、探討不同障礙程度智障者下階梯之動作特徵之差異。
研究以就讀於國立桃園啟智學校高職部,可以獨立行走,並無肢體或視聽力、情緒障礙之智障學生為對象。經篩選出符合可以獨立行走,並無肢體、視力、或情緒障礙之智障學生187名,平均年齡17.3±1.09歲。動態平衡以八呎起立走為測驗項目,靜態平衡以閉眼單腳站立為測驗項目,下肢肌力以三十秒椅站立為測驗項目。並以經專家效度檢定之「智障者下階梯動作特徵檢查表」對智障者下階梯動作特徵進行評分。結果發現:
1. 智障程度越重者,其下階梯的動作特徵越趨於雙手不自然抬高、僵硬,身體向前傾,下階速度減緩並較多採用兩腳一階的策略下階梯。
2. 除身體傾斜程度與靜態平衡能力無相關外,全體受試者之手部動作、下階步伐、下階步數、下階速度(秒數)與其靜態平衡、動態平衡能力均有明顯相關(p<.o1)。
3. 全體受試者之手部動作、下階步伐、下階步數、下階速度(秒數)、及身體傾斜程度與下肢肌力均有相關。
4. 在智障者下階梯動作特徵上,中度障礙與重度以上障礙在手部動作、身體姿勢、下階速度、下階步數及下階步伐表現均有顯著差異(p<.01)。
關鍵詞:下階梯動作特徵、平衡能力、下肢肌力
Stair-descending Characteristics in individuals with Mental Disabilities
June, 2006
Student : Chih-ming Tseng
Advisor: Mann-Hwei Lin
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to show: 1.the stair-descending characteristics
in individuals with mental disabilities, 2. correlation between stair- descending characteristics and balance abilities in individuals with mental disabilities, 3. correlation between stair- descending characteristics and lower limb strength in individuals with mental disabilities, and 4. stair- descending characteristics difference between individuals with moderate and severe mental disabilities. The subjects are 187 students with mental disabilities without physical, visual, auditory and emotional disabilities, average age 17.3(±1.09)years old, from National Tao-Yuan School for the Mental Retardation. 8-feet up and go test and eye-closed-one-leg stance test, were used to evaluate subjects’ balance abilities, and 30-second chair stand test was used to evaluate subjects’ lower limb strength. A 「Check List on Stair- descending Characteristics in Individuals with Mental Disabilities」was designed to evaluate the stair- descending characteristics in individuals with mental disabilities. The results are:
1. the individuals with more severe disability tend to elevate arms with stiffness, incline upper body forward, lower speed and use 2-step-1-stair strategy.
2. the arm motion, gait strategy, total steps, and descending speed are significantly correlated (p<.o1) to balance abilities(8-feet up and go test and eye-closed-one-leg stance test), body inclination is significantly correlated to the 8-feet-up-and-go-test (p<.o5) but not to the eye-closed-one-leg stance test .
3. the arm motion, gait strategy, body inclination, total steps and climbing speed are significantly correlated (p<.o1) to lower limb strength.
4. significant differences (p<.o1) of all the stair-descending characteristics were found between individuals with moderate and severe mental disabilities.
Key words: stair-dascending characteristics, balance abilities, lower limb strength
參考文獻
中文部分
何華國(1995)。特殊兒童心理與教育。台北。心理。
內政部 (1991)。殘障等級。台北。內政部。
張蓓莉(1999)。身心障礙及資賦優異學生鑑定原則鑑定基準說明手冊。教育部。
樓迎统、陳君侃、黃榮棋、王錫五(1994)。實用生理學。台北:匯華。
麥麗敏、廖美華、鍾麗琴、戴瑄、祁業榮、黃玉琪、王錫崗(1994)。簡明解剖生理學(二版)。台北:匯華。
莊麗玲、胡名霞、黃靄雯、陳治中、林祁岷、簡登偉(1998):站立穩定限度之年齡效應。中華民國物理治療學會雜誌,23(2),73-81。
方鴻明(1991)。Villee生物學。台北市:大學圖書出版社。
李文森(1997)。解剖生理學,六版。台北:華杏。
黃偉耕(1994)。正常兒童之步態。國立成功大學,台南市。
徐婉靜(1992)。五歲和六歲幼童步態之生物力學分析。國立台灣師範大學,台北市。
楊啟新(1986)。正常步態資料之建立。國立成功大學,台南市。
楊志鴻(1993)。臺灣正常兒童及年輕人步態研究。國立成功大學,台南市。
官大紳(1996)。中風病人的步態分析。國立成功大學,台南市。
吳鴻文(2003)。退化性膝關節炎病人跨越障礙物時之步態分析。中國醫藥學院,台中市。
黃國峰(2002)。膝下截肢患者穿戴義肢在平地、斜坡和階梯之步態和能量消耗分析。國立成功大學,台南市。
林偉仁(1998)。彰化啟智學校學生體適能現況及其影響因素之調查研究。國立彰化師範大學,彰化市。
黃國庭(2003)。國小智能障礙學生健康體適能及其相關因素之研究。國立彰化師範大學,彰化市。
胡名霞(2001):動作控制與動作學習。台北:金名。
國立臺灣師範大學體育研究發展中心主編(1998)。適應體育導論。教育部印行。
劉怡君(2003)。動作技能學習教學評估系統之研發-應用於智障學童。國立陽明大學,台北市。
趙峻郁(1998)。老年人不同高度下階梯動作之肌電圖分析。中國文化大學,台北市。
黃韻靜(2002)。視障大學生下肢動態肌肉勁度調節能力與肌電現象之研究 中國文化大學,台北市。
姬榮軍(2001)。動態活動與下階梯動作條件下老年人下肢肌肉勁度調節與肌電圖現象之研究 國立臺灣師範大學,台北市。
林欣怡(1999)。比較老年人與年輕人在下階梯時膝關節的肌電控制與功能性硬度調節。國立體育學院。
林大衛、曾志明、林曼蕙(2004)。智障者上下階梯動作特徵研究。2004兒童健康與適應身體活動國際學術研討會 研習手冊。台灣師大。
林大衛(2005)。智障者上階梯動作特徵研究。國立臺灣師範大學,台北市。
陳冠銘(2001)。陳冠銘(2001)。生理與認知發展。2001年2月6日,
取自HThttp://www.socialwork.com.hk/psychtheory/theory_psy/generalpsy/chap12.htmT
羅湘敏(1997)。智能障礙學生動作發展特質及特殊體育教學。八十五學年度智障類特殊體育教師研習會。國立台灣師範大學學校體育研究發展中心。
外文部分
Bruininks, R.H(1974)。 Physical and motor development of retarded persons. In: Ellis, N.R. (Ed.),International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, vol. 7, Academic Press, New York, pp. 209±261.
Bruininks, R.H(1980). Bruinicks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency. American Guidance Service, INC.
Burton, A. W., & Miller, D. E. (1998). Movement Skill Assessment. Braun- Brumfield: Human Kinetics.
Cratty, B. J., & Hutton, R. S. (1969). Motor ability-Testing. Experiments in movement behavior and motor learning. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
Cho, Park & Kwon (2004) 。Gender differences in three dimensional gait analysis data from 98 healthy Korean adults. Clinical Biomechanics Vol. 19 Issue 2,
Guskiewicz, K. M., & Perrin, D. H.,(1996). Research and Applications of assessing balance. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 5, 45-63.
Guskiewicz, K. M. (1999). Chapter 7: Regaining Balance and Postural Equilibrium In: W. E. Prentice(Ed.). Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Haywood, K. M. (1993). Life span motor development. Canda: Human Kinetics.
Jones, Rikli & Beam (1999)。 A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport. 70(2), 113-9.
Lepers, Bigard, Diard, Gouteyron& Guezennec, (1997)。Posture control after prolonged exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 76(1),55-61.
Lepers, R., Bigard, A. X., Diard, J. P., Gouteyron, J. F., & Guezennec, C. Y.( 1997). Posture control after prolonged exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 76(1),55-61.
Mulroy, Gronley, Newsam & Perry(1997)。Lower Extremity Strength and Gait Performance in the Acute Stroke Patient 。Gait & Posture Volume: 5, Issue: 2, pp. 159
Nashner, L. M. (1993). Chapter 12: Practical Biomechanics and Physiology of Balance. In G. Jacobsen, C. Newman, & J. Kartush (Eds). Handbook of balance function and testing . St. Louis MO: Mosby Year Book.
Panzer, V. P., Bandinelli, S., & Hallett, M. (1995). Biomechanical assessment of quiet standing and change associated with aging.Archive of physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 76,151-157.
Pitetti, Yarmer, & Fernhall (2001). Cardiovascular Fitness and Body Composition of Youth with and without Mental Retardation. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 18,127-141
Riener, Rabuffetti & Carlo (2002)。Stair ascent and descent at different inclinations. Gait and Posture15.
Singer (1968)。 Motor learning and human performance. New York: Macmillan.
Shumway-Cook & Woollacott (1995). Motor control: Theory and practical applications. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
Sutherland(1997)。The development of mature gait. Gait and Posture 6.
Siegel, Hicks, Rider & Miller(1997)。The Relationship of Muscle Strength and Gait Perpormance in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy。 Gait & Posture Vol: 5, Issue: 2 pp. 158-159
Sparrow, Shinkfield & Summers(1998)。Gait characteristicsin individuals with MR : unobstructed level-walking, negotiating obstacles, and stair climbing. Human Movement Science 17,