本研究旨在探討臺灣大學生的文化智商、幽默感、幽默風格與學校適應的關聯性，探討不同性別（男、女）與學生身份（港澳生、原民生、一般生）的表現差異，及探索幽默感於文化智商與學校適應的中介效果與幽默風格於文化智商與學校適應的調節效果。本研究共抽樣204位大學生，以問卷調查法進行資料蒐集。結果發現：男、女文化智商總分沒有差異，僅有動機性文化智商有所差異；不同學生身分文化智商總分沒有差異，僅有後設認知性文化智商中原民生的表現顯著大於港澳生、認知性文化智商中原民生的表現顯著大於一般生；男、女學校適應總分沒有差異，僅有學業適應有所差異；不同學生身分學校適應沒有差異；男、女幽默感總分沒有差異；不同學生身分幽默感總分沒有差異，僅幽默理解能力有所差異，原民生顯著大於一般生和港澳生；男、女於攻擊型幽默、自我貶抑型幽默具有差異，親和型幽默與自我提升型幽默沒有差異；不同學生身分幽默風格沒有差異。相關部份，整體文化智商與親和型幽默風格、自我提升型幽默風格、整體幽默感和整體學校適應間具有正相關，同時與攻擊型幽默風格具有負相關。中介部份，幽默因應能力中介文化智商與學校適應的關係。調節部份，親和型幽默增強大學生文化智商與學校適應的關係；進一步發現一般生自我貶抑型幽默緩衝後設認知性文化智商與學校適應的關係；一般生自我貶抑型幽默緩衝認知文化智商與學校適應的關係。研究最後建議透過不同之研究方法、工具與樣本數之擴大能有效驗證本研究之發現，進一步釐清文化智商與學校適應之關係，為後續回應大學生學校適應議題的基礎。

This study explores school adaptation from the perspective of cultural intelligence (CQ). By collecting samples from students of different cultural backgrounds, it examines the performance differences across various groups and the relationship mechanisms between cultural intelligence and school adaptation. A total of 204 university students were sampled. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey. The results show:
Gender differences: In terms of cultural intelligence (CQ), there were no significant difference in total scores between male and female students, except for motivational CQ. Similarly, regarding school adaptation, there were no significant difference in total scores between male and female students, except for academic adaptation. Additionally, there were no significant difference in total sense of humor scores. However, there were distinctions in humor styles, particularly in aggressive and self-defeating humor, with no significant difference observed in affiliative and self-enhancing humor.
Student identity differences: Across different student identities, there were no significant difference in total cultural intelligence scores. However, indigenous students exhibited notably higher scores in metacognitive CQ compared to students from Hong Kong and Macau, and higher scores in cognitive CQ compared to general Taiwan students. Concerning school adaptation, there were no significant differences observed among various student identities. However, in terms of sense of humor, indigenous students demonstrated significantly higher scores in humor comprehension compared to general Taiwan and Hong Kong and Macau students. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in humor styles across different student identities.
Regarding correlations, cultural intelligence is positively correlated with affiliative humor style, self-enhancing humor style, overall sense of humor, and overall school adaptation, while it is negatively correlated with aggressive humor style.
Mediation analysis revealed that humor coping ability mediated the relationship between cultural intelligence and school adaptation.
In terms of moderation, affiliative humor enhanced the relationship between cultural intelligence and school adaptation. Additionally, self-defeating humor among general students strengthened the relationship between metacognitive CQ and school adaptation, as well as between cognitive CQ and school adaptation.
The study suggests that future research could benefit from using different methods, tools, and larger sample sizes to validate these findings and further clarify the relationship between cultural intelligence and school adaptation. This could provide a foundation for addressing university students' adaptation issues.

Lahey B. B.（2016）：《心理學概要》（黎士鳴、鍾天鳴譯）。麗文。（原著出版年：2001）
于卓民、巫立宇、蕭富峰（2009）：《國際行銷學》。智勝。
文氏燕兒（2023）：《越籍勞工文化智商、情感承諾、人際信任與工作創新行為之研究》（未出版碩士論文），南臺科技大學。
王宜菁（2019）：《國中資優生與普通生幽默風格及自尊之探究》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
王淑貞（2022）：《MBA與EMBA學生跨文化智商之差異性及其對自我效能影響之探討》（未出版碩士論文），淡江大學。
王淑娟（2011）：《大學新生身體意象與生活適應之研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
王渼琍（2011）：《大學大一國際學生之生活適應與社會支持網絡現況之研究—以花蓮縣2所大學為例》（未出版碩士論文），慈濟大學。
王雋安（2014）：《港澳生與陸生來台適應性之比較研究 -以文化大學為例》（未出版碩士論文），中國文化大學。
方瀅雅（2022）：《彰化縣國中教師好奇心、幽默感與創造力教學行為關係之研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立彰化師範大學。
朱晴（2021）：《大學生謹慎性特質、一般自我效能與大學生活適應關係之研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立彰化師範大學。
阮筱琪（2022）：《採訪記者情緒勞動、工作壓力與創新行為相關研究：以幽默感為調節變項》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
杜金銀（2022）：《越南企業員工與學生幽默感、幽默風格之分析研究》（未出版碩士論文），長庚大學。
李岳烜（2019）：《大學生幽默感與幸福感之相關研究—以恆毅力為中介變項》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
吳佳玲（2011）：〈南部技職院校大學生人格特質與網路禮儀素養之研究〉。《遠東通識學報》，5（2），47–78。
吳新華（1996）：《兒童適應問題》。五南。
吳麗雲、游淑華、林燕平（2014）：〈園藝治療對大學新生身心適應影響之研究〉。《臺南應用科大學報》，33，31–55。
呂素珍、程斯輝（2004）：〈大學新生適應問題初探〉《湖北大學學報》，31（2）， 230–233。
邱紹一、林純怡、胡秀媛（2022）：〈國小教師教學熱忱與教學幸福感之研究：以幽默感為中介變項〉。《中科大學報》，9（2），103–122。https://doi.org/10.6902/JNTUST.202212_9(2).0006
林奇皓（2011）：《文化智商對員工外派至中國大陸意願之影響》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣大學。
林欣蓉（2022）：《柔能克剛？中高年級學童傷害訊息分析暨其幽默風格、學校適應及幽默回應技巧關係之研究》（未出版博士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
沈如雯（2016）：《高中生的多元文化人格、文化智力與學校適應之研究：以桃園市為例》（未出版碩士論文），中原大學。
洪品琇（2019）：《探討家庭因素與 大學新生身心適應之關聯》（未出版碩士論文），東吳大學。
陳心懿、林怡君、許昱涵 （2011）：〈行為型文化智商、衝突處理型態與跨文化適應之關係〉。《中華管理評論國際學報》，14（2），1–25。
陳心懿、賴文豪（2020）：〈海外職涯新挑戰－文化智商對職涯投入影響之研究〉。《企業管理學報》，45（1），55–89。
陳昀襄（2020）：《大學生人格特質與幸福感之關係研究：以嘲笑風格為中介變項》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
陳欣、吳欣蓓（2021）：〈競爭性、文化智商與出國工作意圖之關聯－自我效能的中介作用〉。《商管科技季刊》，22（3），299–324。
陳昭珍（2020）：〈108學年全國大一新生學習銜接與適應調查報告〉。臺灣教學資源平台計畫。https://rcs.ocu.edu.tw/var/file/24/1024/attach/60/pta_39564_4289631_77663.pdf
陳淑蓉（2003）：《幽默感對可能壓力事件及負向生活事件的認知評估、情緒反應之影響》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
陳瑾（2011）：《國中小教師生活壓力與幸福感之相關研究－以幽默風格為調節變項》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
陳德鴻、李朝基、劉正雄（2010）：〈「親子同校」~談教師子女的學校適應〉。https://www.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e–j/90/31.htm
曾文志（2007）：〈大一學生歷經創傷事件與復原力模式之研究〉。《教育心理學報》39（2），317–334。
涂雅玲（2008）：《科技大學大一新生生活適應問題之研究—以國立臺北科技大學為例》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺北科技大學。
許思景、何慧群（2015）：〈小一新生同儕關係與學校適應之因應策略〉。《臺灣教育評論月刊》，4（7），120–124。
黃文燊（2010）：《讀在異鄉為異客－外國學生跨文化適應之質性研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立中興大學。
黃韞臻、林淑惠（2014）：〈「大一新生學校適應量表」之發展〉。《測驗學刊》，61（2），259–281。
張珍瑋（2021）：〈高等教育機構因應原住民族大專生在校學習適應的因應策略〉。《台灣教育研究期刊》，2（3），111–135。
張雍琳（2001）：《臺灣師大新生適應問題及因應行為之研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
葉紹國、何英奇、陳舜芬（2007）：〈大一學生的校園參與經驗與收穫自評－以淡江、清華、師大三校為例〉。《師大學報》，52（3），91–114。
詹雨臻、陳學志、卓淑玲、Rod A. Martin（2011）：〈區分良善與有害的幽默─正體中文版「幽默風格量表」的發展〉。《測驗學刊》，58（S），207–234。
楊雪、尹天子、傅麗萍（2016）：〈大學新生幽默感和適應性的相關研究〉。《心理學進展》，6（1），44–53。
楊惠銖（2014）：《國中生知覺導師幽默感與學習滿意度相關之研究～以基隆市某國中為例》（未出版碩士論文），經國管理暨健康學院。
劉達濠（2012）：《港澳僑生在台生活適應之研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺北教育大學。
劉鎔毓（2003）：〈技專校院學生生活適應之研究〉。《中華技術學院學報》， 29，323–340。
蔣雅薇（2015）：《中國大陸、港澳及東南亞境外學生來台生活適應相關研究—以國立高雄餐旅大學為例》（未出版碩士論文），國立高雄餐旅大學。
蔡姵均（2021）：《國小高年級學童學習風格與創造力之相關研究－以幽默感為中介變項》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學
蔡翠旭、林翠蓉、陳怡珮、程伊昉（2012）：〈大陸學生在臺灣生活適應與學習滿意度之研究〉。《華人前瞻研究》，8（2），15–42。
蔡慧君（2003）：《原住民知識精英之學校經驗與族群認同》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
賴柔勳（2020）：《國中生之幽默風格對復原力與學校適應之調節作用》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
簡聿彣（2018）：《國中生幽默風格對主觀生活壓力與身心健康之調節作用》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
韓光俐（2009）：《來台大學國際學生課業學習經驗與學業適應歷程之研究–以國立臺灣師範大學大學部學生為例》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
戴汝卉（2017）：《良善與惡意幽默因應對負向情境之情緒轉換效果：功能性磁振造影研究》（未出版博士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
謝嘉雲（2017）：《大學生社會支持、內外控與生活適應相關之研究 – 以南台科技大學為例》（未出版碩士論文），南臺科技大學。
薛凱方（2005）：《大學生學習社群互動與生活適應、生涯決策自我效能之相關研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立政治大學。
藍茜茹、徐麗明 (2011) ：〈大專原住民護生之學習歷程、校園適應與文化調適之探討—以某多元族群技術學院為例〉。《長庚科技學刊》，155–171。
聶勝雄（2020）：《運動教練幽默感在創意運動訓練指導與訓練效能之調節效果》（未出版碩士論文），臺北市立大學。
顏嘉萱（2022）：《臺灣諮商人員之認知彈性、文化智商與多元文化諮商能力之相關研究》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺灣師範大學。
羅志豪（2023）：《跟同事當好朋友：探討外派人員信任，心理擁有感，與文化智商對職場友誼與組織公民行為的影響》（未出版碩士論文），國立臺北大學。
嚴翊凌（2019）：《運用文化智商量表，探究臺灣大學生的跨文化能力》（未出版碩士論文），國立雲林科技大學。
Abdul Malek, M., & Budhwar, P. (2012). Cultural intelligence as a predictor of expatriate adjustment and performance in Malaysia. Journal of World Business, 48(2), 222–231.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2012.07.006
Al–jarrah, A., & Alrabee, F. K. (2020). Cultural Intelligence Prediction of School Adjustment Among Syrian Refugee Students in Jordan. Psychology and Education, 57(3), 2062–212.
Alipio, M. (2020, April 15). Academic Adjustment and Performance among Filipino Freshmen College Students in the Health Sciences: Does Senior High School Strand Matter? https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/xq4pk
Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., Ng, K., Templer, K., Tay, C., & Chandrasekar, N. (2007). Cultural Intelligence: its measurement and effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance. Management and Organization Review, 3(3), 335–371.
Baker, R. W., & Siryk, B. (1984). Measuring adjustment to college. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(2), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022–0167.31.2.179
Brass, N., McKellar, S. E., North, E. A., & Ryan, A. M. (2019). Early Adolescents’ Adjustment at School: A Fresh Look at Grade and Gender Differences. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 39(5), 689–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618791291
Cann, A., Stilwell, K., & Taku, K. (2010). Humor styles, positive personality and health. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 213–235
Demie, F. (2001). Ethnic and gender differences in educational achievement and implications for school improvement strategies. Educational Research, 43(1), 91–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131880110040968
Duncan, W. (1982). Humor in Management: Prospects for Administrative Practice and Research. Academy of Management Review, 7, 136–142.
Earley, P. C., & Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural intelligence. Harvard business review, 82(10), 139–158.
Earley, P. C., & Peterson, R. S. (2004). The Elusive Cultural Chameleon: Cultural Intelligence as a New Approach to Intercultural Training for the Global Manager. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 3(1), 100–115. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40214236
Fox, C., Hunter, S., & Jones, S. (2016). Children's humor types and psychosocial adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 86–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PAID.2015.09.047.
Fuligni, A.J. (1997). The academic achievement of adolescents from immigrant families: the roles of family background, attitudes, and behavior. Child Development, 68(2), 351–363.
Gawas, A. (2022). The effect of locus of control, cultural intelligence and academic self–efficacy on the academic adjustment among Yemeni students in Turkey. American International Journal of Social Science Research, 11, 1–16.
Guez, A., Peyre, H., & Ramus, F. (2020). Sex differences in academic achievement are modulated by evaluation type. Learning and Individual Differences, 83, Article 101935.
Guðmundsdóttir, S. (2015). Nordic expatriates in the US: The relationship between cultural intelligence and adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 47, 175–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJINTREL.2015.05.001.
Hayers, A. F. (2022). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis Third Edition A Regression–Based Approach. Guilford Press.
He, X., Baharom, S., & Sunjing, L. (2023). A systematic literature review of the relationship between cultural intelligence and academic adaptation of international students. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), Article 100622.
Hofmann, J., Platt, T., Lau, C. et al. (2023) Gender differences in humor–related traits, humor appreciation, production, comprehension, (neural) responses, use, and correlates: A systematic review. Curr Psychol 42, Article 16451–16464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144–020–00724–1
Jiang, T., Li, H., & Hou, Y. (2019). Cultural Differences in Humor Perception, Usage, and Implications. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 123. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00123
Johnson, A. & McCord, D. (2010). Relating Sense of Humor to the Five Factor Theory Personality Domains and Facets. American Journal of Psychological Research. 6, 32–40.
Jovanovic V. (2011). Do humor styles matter in the relationship between personality and subjective well–being?. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 52(5), 502–507. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467–9450.2011.00898.x
Kazarian, S. S., & Martin, R. A. (2004). Humour Styles, Personality, and Well–Being among Lebanese University Students. European Journal of Personality, 18(3), 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.505
Kazarian, S. S., & Martin, R. A. (2006). Humor styles, culture–related personality, well–being, and family adjustment among Armenians in Lebanon. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(4), 405–423. https://doi.org/10.1515/HUMOR.2006.020
Konanahalli, A., Oyedele, L., Coates, J., Meding, J. and Ebohon, J. (2014). Crosscultural intelligence (CQ) It’s impact on British expatriate adjustment on international construction projects. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 7(3), 423–448.
Koo, J. E., & Lee, G. U. (2015). An effect of physical activity–based recreation programs on children's optimism, humor styles, and school life adjustment. Journal of exercise rehabilitation, 11(3), 169–174. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.150210
Kuiper, N. A., Grimshaw, M., Leite, C., & Kirsh, G. (2004). Humor is not always the best medicine: Specific components of sense of humor and psychological well–being. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 17(1–2), 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.2004.002
LaNasa, Steven & Olson, Elizabeth & Alleman, Natalie. (2007). The Impact of On–campus Student Growth on First–year Student Engagement and Success. Research in Higher Education. 48, 941–966. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162–007–9056–5
Lee, S. H., Jeong, H. S., Lee, D.W., Park, K. H., Yun, Z. Y., & Park, J. J. (2009). Influence of anxiety, depression and stress on adjustment to college in freshmen of a university. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 30(10), 796–804.
Li, Y.-M., Liu, W.-L., & Chen, F.-S. (2002). Adjustment of college Freshmen at Dong Hwa University. TZU CHI Medical Journal, 14(6), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.200212.0365
Li, G., & Middlemiss, W. (2022). Effects of Cultural Intelligence and Social Support on Adjustment of International Students in Higher Education. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 33(2), 143–152.
Lu, J. G. (2023). Cultural differences in humor: A systematic review and critique. Current opinion in psychology, 53, 101690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101690
Lu, J. G., Martin, A. E., Usova, A., & Galinsky, A. D. (2019). Creativity and humor across cultures: Where Aha meets Haha. In S. R. Luria, J. Baer, & J. C. Kaufman (Eds.), Creativity and humor (pp. 183–203). Elsevier Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813802-1.00009-0
Martin, G.N., & Sullivan, E. (2013). Sense of humor across cultures: A comparison of British, Australian and American respondents. North American Journal of Psychology, 15, 375.
Martin, RA, & Dobbin, JP (1989). Sense of humor, hassles, and immunoglobulin A: Evidence for a stress–moderating effect of humor. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 18(2), 93–105.
Martin, R. A. (2000). Humor. In A. E. Kazdin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol. 4) (pp. 202–204). Oxford University Press.
Martin, R. A. (2001). Humor, laughter, and physical health: Methodological issues and research findings. Psychological Bulletin, 127(4), 504–519. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033–2909.127.4.504
Martin, R. A. and Ford, T. (2018). The Psychology of Humor: An Integrative Approach. Elsevier Academic Press
Mao, R., & Liu, Y. (2016). Social support: A moderator between cultural intelligence and cross–cultural adaptation of international students in Chinese universities. International Forum of Teaching & Studies, 12(2), 32–36.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. (2000). Models of emotional intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence (pp. 396–420). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511807947.019
Mokhothu, T. M., & Callaghan, C. W. (2018). The management of the international student experience in the South African context: The role of sociocultural adaptation and cultural intelligence. Acta Commercii, 18(1), 1–11. https://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ac.v18i1.499
Newton, F., Kim, E. & Newton, D. (2006). A Program to Establish Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors with Freshmen Students. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 43(3), 873–893. https://doi.org/10.2202/1949–6605.1681
Nezu, A. M., Nezu, C. M., & Blissett, S. E. (1988). Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressful events and psychological distress: a prospective analysis. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(3), 520–525. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022–3514.54.3.520
Ping, L. (2001). Humour and Its Humorous Effect. Journal of Huzhou Teachers College, 4, 45–50.
Presbitero, A. (2017). Religious expatriates’ cultural intelligence and adaptation: The role of intrinsic motivation for successful expatriation. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 5(2), 146–157.
Oberg, K. (1960) Cultural Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments. Practical Anthropology, 7, 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/009182966000700405
Overholser, J. (1992). Sense of humor when coping with life stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 799–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191–8869(92)90053–R.
Rana, M., Bhasin, J., & Mushtaq, S. (2020). Measurement of Cultural Intelligence and Its Impact on Psychological Adaptation of International Students in India. Vision, 24(4), 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262920939789
Şahin, F., & Gürbüz, S. (2014). Cultural intelligence as a predictor of individuals’ adaptive performance: A study in a multicultural environment. International Area Studies Review, 17, 394–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865914550727.
Schachner, M. K., Noack, P., Van de Vijver, F. J., & Eckstein, K. (2016). Cultural Diversity Climate and Psychological Adjustment at School–Equality and Inclusion Versus Cultural Pluralism. Child development, 87(4), 1175–1191. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12536
Schermer, J.A., & Kfrerer, M.L. (2020). Humor style differences across four English–speaking countries. Humor, 33, 423–437.
Schrader, P. G., & Brown, S. W. (2008). Evaluating the First Year Experience: Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors. Journal of Advanced Academics, 19(2), 310–343. https://doi.org/10.4219/jaa–2008–775
Shu, F., McAbee, S. T., & Ayman, R. (2017). The HEXACO personality traits, cultural intelligence, and international student adjustment. Personality and Individual Differences, 106, 21–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.024
Sidle, M. W., & McReynolds, J. (2009). The Freshman Year Experience: Student Retention and Student Success. NASPA Journal, 46(3), 434–446. https://doi.org/10.2202/1949–6605.5019
Smith, J. S., & Wertlieb, E. C. (2005). Do First–Year College Students’ Expectations Align with their First–Year Experiences? NASPA Journal, 42(2), 153–174. https://doi.org/10.2202/1949–6605.1470
Spruill, T.E. (1992). Sense of Humor as a mediator of the effects of stress on Physical Health and Psychological Well–Being [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Western Michigan University
Sternberg, R. J. (Ed.). (2000). Handbook of intelligence. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511807947
Taylor, M. A., & Pastor, D. A. (2007). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 67(6), 1002–1018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164406299125
Thomas, D. C. 1., & Inkson, K. (2004). Cultural intelligence: People skills for global Business. Berrett–Koehler Publishers.
Thorndike, R. L., & Stein, S. (1937). An evaluation of the attempts to measure social intelligence. Psychological Bulletin, 34(5), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0053850
Tucker, R., Wingate, L., O’Keefe, V., Slish, M., Judah, M., & Rhoades–Kerswill, S. (2013). The moderating effect of humor style on the relationship between interpersonal predictors of suicide and suicidal ideation. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 610–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PAID.2012.11.023.
van Dyne, L., Ang, S., Ng, K. Y., Rockstuhl, T., Tan, M. L., & Koh, C. (2012). Sub‐dimensions of the four factor model of cultural intelligence: Expanding the conceptualization and measurement of cultural intelligence. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(4), 295–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751–9004.2012.00429.x
Verkuyten, M. (2008). Life satisfaction among ethnic minorities: The role of discrimination and group identification. Social indicators research, 89, 391–404.
Wallace, W. L. (1964). Institutional and life–cycle socialization of college freshmen. American Journal of Sociology, 70(3), 303–318.
Weaver, S. (2014). Ethnicity and humor. SAGE Publications.
Wu, C. L., Lin, H. Y., & Chen, H. C. (2016). Gender differences in humour styles of young adolescents: Empathy as a mediator. Personality and Individual Differences, 99, 139–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.018
Yeke, S., & Semerciöz, F. (2016). Relationships between personality traits, cultural intelligence and intercultural communication competence. Procedia–Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 313–319.
Yue, X., Jiang, F., Lu, S., & Hiranandani, N. (2016). To Be or Not To Be Humorous? Cross Cultural Perspectives on Humor. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 1495. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01495
Ziada, K. E., Dutton, E., Almalki, N. S., Attallah Bakhiet, S. F., Ihsan, Z., Furnham, A., Sayed Essa, Y. A., Alqafari, S. M., Alsahli, D. S., & Rashd Aljbr, A. S. (2021). Sex and Culture Differences in Cultural Intelligence: A Study Comparing Saudi Arabians and Egyptians. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211044177