前言：跑步機是跑者常見的訓練器材，相較於實際路面慢跑更不受氣候等外在因素的影響，因為容易於室內操作並控制速度，因此跑步機也常被研究作為模擬實際跑步的研究工具。在跑步機與實際路面慢跑可能存在足底衝擊力的差異，而足底衝擊力是預測慢跑運動傷害的指標之一。目前比較跑步機與實地跑相關的研究皆在平面上進行，但跑者在訓練或比賽甚至實驗的控制皆會面臨不同的坡度變化，因此我們希望能使用鞋內力量量測鞋墊觀察跑者在不同狀態下跑步時的足底衝擊力變化，了解狀態與坡度對足底衝擊力的影響進而做為未來訓練的參考，降低下肢受傷的風險。目的：本研究想探討 (一) 實地慢跑時在不同坡度下的足底衝擊力變化。(二) 比較跑步機與實地坡度跑的足底衝擊力差異。方法：招募12名有慢跑習慣的健康男性作為實驗參與者，運動過程中穿戴Podoon鞋墊，分別在跑步機上與實際路面進行上坡、平地與下坡跑，受試者以7km/hr速度完成上坡、平地與下坡跑，每個實驗收取穩定速度的1分鐘資料進行數據整理，並比較足底不同坡度狀態下的著地以及推蹬衝擊力差異。統計使用二因子重複量數變異數分析，比較不同坡度與狀態之間足底衝擊力的差異。結果：坡度的部分，在實地跑的狀態下，上坡跑會有顯著較大的推蹬期衝擊力，下坡跑則會有較大的著地衝擊力；狀態的部分，相較於實地跑，在跑步機上跑會有較大的著地衝擊力峰值、推蹬衝擊力峰值與著地最大負荷率。結論：如果欲避免下肢承受過大的足底衝擊力，建議避免於下坡的狀態進行慢跑；而跑步機與實際路面相比，在實際路面慢跑會有較小的著地衝擊力。

Treadmill is a common training instrument which can reduce the effect of weather and other factors compared to running overground. The treadmill, also frequently used in the laboratories, can simulate different running speeds, wind and other factors. However, previous studies found that running on treadmill and overground may cause different plantar impacts. Plantar impact is an indicator that concerning with lower limb injuries. Current experiments about comparison of treadmill and overground running were operated at level without different slopes. In order to understand the effect of different slopes during training and competition, impact measurement insoles were applied to detect the changes of plantar impact in different conditions. The study aimed to find out (1) plantar impact differences while running uphill, level, and downhill. (2) plantar impact differences between treadmill and overground running with different ground slopes. Methods: Twelve male participants wore in-shoe impact measurement system on their left feet. Each participant randomly ran 500 meter 5% uphill, 5% downhill and level with speed 7 km/hr on treadmill and overground. Repeated measured two-way ANOVA was used to determine the difference of plantar impact in different conditions. Result: For different slopes, the uphill running has significantly greater push-off impacts, and the downhill running has significantly greater landing impacts. For different conditions, running on treadmill had significantly greater landing impacts, push-off impact loading rate and landing maximum loading rate. Conclusion: Running downhill, the runner will suffer greater loading impacts that may increase lower limb injuries. Compared with running on treadmills, running overground have lower landing impacts.

林怡欣、相子元 (2011)。不同坡度與不同速度下走路與跑步的下肢肌肉活動與運動學差異(未出版之碩士論文)
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