本研究針對高中女生，比較不同體脂肪(身體組成)測量法之差異，並且嘗試找出適當的體脂肪推估公式。受試者為 30名高中女生，平均年齡17.87±0.88歲，身高1.59±0.06公尺，體重55.81± 8.91公斤。本研究用以評估身體組成的方法包括：水中稱重、身體質量指數、皮脂厚推估法、體圍推估法、生物電阻法、雙能X光吸收測定等六種，而分析比較時，以水中稱重所測得之值為效標。皮脂厚測量包括：肩胛、肱三頭肌、肱二頭肌、胸、腹、腸骨頂、大腿、小腿等八個部位，而體圍測量法包括手臂、胸、腰、腹、臀、大腿、小腿等七個部位。研究結果：
一、受試者以水中稱重所測得身體密度為1.035，體脂肪百分比為27.285。
二、身體質量指數、雙能X光吸收測定、生物電阻與水中稱重法之相關(r)分別為0.722、0.710與0.617，皆達顯著水準。
三、雙能X光吸收測定所求得的體脂肪百分比較水中稱重高估4.21%，生物電阻所求得的體脂肪百分比較水中稱重低估2.33%。
四、各皮脂厚值與水中稱重體脂肪百分比之相關皆達顯著水準，其中以腹皮脂厚與水中稱重體脂肪百分比之相關r值0.66為最高，其次為肩胛0.64及肱三頭肌r=0.64。
五、各體圍測量值與水中稱重體脂肪百分比之相關皆達顯著水準，其中又以腰圍0.68為最高，胸圍0.66次之。
六、皮脂厚及體圍各部位測量值，以逐步迴歸方式，求出預測公式：Y= 0.190952(X1)+0.141623(X2)+0.388196(X3)-0.199557(X4)+7.768423；
Y=體脂肪百分比(%)，X1=腹皮脂厚(mm)，X2=大腿皮脂厚(mm)，X3=腰圍(mm)，X4=腹圍(mm)，R2為0.5625。
七、以身高、體重、身體質量指數、皮脂厚、體圍等值逐步迴歸，得一簡易之體脂肪預測公式：Y= 1.154345(X)+1.514579；
Y=體脂肪百分比(%)，X=身體質量指數；其R2為0.5214。
以上結果顯示：身體質量指數為評估高中女生體脂肪百分比的有利指標；以迴歸導出之身體質量指數公式能非常方便而有效地預估體脂肪百分比；而以腹與大腿皮脂厚及胸腰圍組合之迴歸公式可以獲得最佳之預測效果。

The purpose of this study was to compare some body composition assessment methods for estimation of body fat mass. Subjects were 30 healthy senior high schoolgirls, aged 17.87±0.88 y (weight: 55.81±8.91 kg; height: 1.59±0.06 m). Body composition was also assessed by using body mass index, multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy, underwater weighing (UWW), skinfold assessment (SFA) and duel energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). UWW and SFA were tested at National Taiwan Normal University, DEXA and BIA were tested at National Taiwan University Hospital. The results show:
1.Average body density by UWW was1.035，%fat was 27.285。
2. The correlation (r) between the results of UWW and BMI, DEXA and BIA was 0.722, 0.710, and 0.617 respectively. They were significant (P< 0.05).
3. The value of DEXA was 4.21% higher than UWW, while the result of BIA was 2.33% lower.
4. Correlation coefficients between UWW and skinfold thickness of eight regions reached significant level. Abdomen r=0.66 was the highest. Scapula and triceps r=0.64, were the second.
5. Correlation coefficients between UWW and seven investigated regions were significant . Abdomen r=0.68, chest r=0.66.
6. The regression equation of skinfold and circumference as followed: Y=0.190952(X1)+0.14163(X2)+0.388196(X3)-0.199577(X4)+7.768423
Y=percentage of body fat tissue (%), X1=abdominal skin fold(mm), X2=skin fold of thigh(mm), X3=measurement of waist(mm), X4=measurement of abdomen(mm), R2=0.5625.
7. The regression equation of height, weight, BMI, skinfold and circumference as followed: Y=1.154345(X)+1.514579.
Y= percentage of body fat tissue(%), X=BMI, R2=0.5241.
We conclude that BMI index is useful for evaluating the body fat tissue component of senior high school girls, where as the regression equation achieved the most prospective value.

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