研究生: |
黃子君 Wong, Cze-Chiun |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
影響自願外派人員幸福感的因素為何?探討積極型人格與幸福感之關係:職涯適應力的中介效果 What Increases the Happiness of Self-initiated Expatriate? The Mediating Effect of Career Adaptability between Proactive Personality and Subjective Well-being |
指導教授: |
林怡君
Lin, Yi-Chun |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
國際人力資源發展研究所 Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt |
論文出版年: | 2019 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 英文 |
論文頁數: | 72 |
中文關鍵詞: | 積極型人格 、幸福感 、職涯適應力 、自願外派人員 、臺灣 |
英文關鍵詞: | Proactive personality, Subjective well-being, Career adaptability, Self-initiated expatriates, Taiwan |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.GIHRD.003.2019.F06 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:468 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究目的為探討積極性人格與幸福感的關係,另瞭解與職涯適應力在其中之中介效果為何。本研究共有221自願外派至臺灣工作者完成紙本或線上之問卷。大部分參與者(89.1%)來自亞洲國家,其中有114名是男性。參與者的平均年齡為30.29歲,標準差為6.92。本研究使用SPSS 23.0,AMOS 22.0及Mplus 8.0以分析有效問卷。本研究的結果顯示,積極性人格與幸福感有正向相關,其中職涯適應完全中介其二者之關係。故此,有積極人格的自願外派人員,藉由其職涯適應力在外派國家會有較高的幸福感。
Drawing from career construction theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between proactive personality and subjective well-being with the mediating effect of career adaptability. The valid sample was 221 self-initiated expatriate (SIEs) working in Taiwan by collecting the paper-based or online questionnaires. Most of the participants (81.9 %) come from Asia countries, 114 of them were male, and average of age was 30.29 (SD = 6.92). To test the hypotheses, SPSS 23.0, AMOS 22.0, and Mplus 8.0 were used to analyze the valid data. The results demonstrated that proactive personality was positively related to subjective well-being and career adaptability fully mediated this relationship. This study contributed to understand that proactive SIEs experienced better subjective well-being via their adaptability on the career in the host country.
Andrews, F. M. & Withey, S. B. (1976). Social indicators of well-being: Amerians’ perception of quality of life. The management Group, 3(1), 1-19.
Argyle, M., & Crossland, J. (1987). The dimensions of positive emotions. British Journal of Social Psychology, 26(2), 127-137. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1987.tb00773.x
Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359-1378. doi:10.1177/0018726712453471
Barrech, A., Baumert, J. P., Emeny, R. T. P. M. P. H., Gündel, H. P., & Ladwig, K. H. P. (2016). Mid-life job insecurity associated with subjective well-being in old age: results from the population-based MONICA/KORA study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(2), 170-174. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3546
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103-118. doi:10.1002/job.4030140202
Becherer, R. C., & Maurer, J. G. (1999). The proactive personality disposition and entrepreneurial behavior among small company presidents. Journal of Small Business Management, 37(1), 28-36.
Bergeron, D. M., Schroeder, T. D., & Martinez, H. A. (2014). Proactive personality at work: seeing more to do and doing more? Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(1), 71-86. doi:10.1007/s10869-013-9298-5
Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., ... & Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(8), 1132-1136.
Bollen, K. A. (1990). Overall fit in covariance structure models: Two types of sample size effects. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 256-259.
Brislin, R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oral and written materials. Methodology, 389-444.
Buyukgoze-Kavas, A., Duffy, R. D., & Douglass, R. P. (2015). Exploring links between career adaptability, work volition, and well-being among Turkish students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90(Supplement C), 122-131. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.08.006
Cai, Z., Guan, Y., Li, H., Shi, W., Guo, K., Liu, Y., Li, Q., Xue, H., Jiang, P., Fang, Z., & Hua, H. (2015). Self-esteem and proactive personality as predictors of future work self and career adaptability: An examination of mediating and moderating processes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86(Supplement C), 86-94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.10.004
Cao, L., Hirschi, A., & Deller, J. (2014). Perceived organizational support and intention to stay in host countries among self-initiated expatriates: The role of career satisfaction and networks. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(14), 2013-2032. doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.870290
Carmines, E., & Mclver, J. (1981). Analyzing models with unobserved models: Analysis of covariance structure. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publication.
Celen-Demirtas, S., Konstam, V., & Tomek, S. (2015). Leisure activities in unemployed emerging adults: Links to career adaptability and subjective well-being. The Career Development Quarterly, 63(3), 209-222. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12014
Chan, D. (2006). Interactive effects of situational judgment effectiveness and proactive personality on work perceptions and work outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 475-481. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.2.475
Chan, S. H. J., Mai, X., Kuok, O. M. K., & Kong, S. H. (2016). The influence of satisfaction and promotability on the relation between career adaptability and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 167-175. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.12.003
Chen, Y. P., & Shaffer, M. A. (2017). The influences of perceived organizational support and motivation on self-initiated expatriates’ organizational and community embeddedness. Journal of World Business, 52(2), 197-208. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2016.12.001
Cheung, G. W., & Lau, R. S. (2008). Testing mediation and suppression effects of latent variables: Bootstrapping with structural equation effect. Organizational Research Methods, 11(2), 296-325.
Clark, A. E. (1997). Job satisfaction and gender: Why are women so happy at work? Labour Economics, 4(4), 341-372. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0927-5371(97)00010-9
Coetzee, M., & Stoltz, E. (2015). Employees' satisfaction with retention factors: Exploring the role of career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89(Supplement C), 83-91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.04.012
Crant, J. M. (1995). The proactive personality scale and objective job performance among real estate agents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(4), 532-537. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.80.4.532
Crant, J. M., & Bateman, T. S. (2000). Charismatic leadership viewed from above: The impact of proactive personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(1), 63-75.
Cunningham, C. J. L., & De La Rosa, G. M. (2008). The interactive effects of proactive personality and work-family interference on well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(3), 271-282. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.13.3.271
De Witte, H., Pienaar, J., & De Cuyper, N. (2016). Review of 30 Years of longitudinal studies on the association between job insecurity and health and well-being: Is there causal evidence? Australian Psychologist, 51(1), 18-31. doi:10.1111/ap.12176
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542-575.
Doherty, N. (2012). Understanding the self-initiated expatriate: A review and directions for future research. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(4), 447-469. doi:10.1111/ijmr.12005
Doherty, N., Dickmann, M., & Mills, T. (2011). Exploring the motives of company-backed and self-initiated expatriates. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(3), 595-611. doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.543637
Duffy, R. D., Douglass, R. P., & Autin, K. L. (2015). Career adaptability and academic satisfaction: Examining work volition and self efficacy as mediators. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90(Supplement C), 46-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.07.007
Eason, C. M. M. S., Mazerolle, S. M. P. A. T. C., Monsma, E. V. P., & Mensch, J. M. P. A. T. C. (2015). The role of personality in job satisfaction among collegiate athletic trainers. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(12), 1247-1255. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-50.11.08
Eby, L. T., Marcus, B., & Angie, L. (2003). Predictors of success in the era of the boundaryless career. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 689-708.
Fan, X., Thompson, B., & Wang, L. (1999). Effects of sample size, estimation methods, and model specification on structural equation modeling fit indexes. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 56-83.
Feitosa, J., Kreutzer, C., Kramperth, A., S. Kramer, W., & Salas, E. (2014). Expatriate adjustment: Considerations for selection and training. Journal of Global Mobility, 2(2), 134-159.
Fiori, M., Bollmann, G., & Rossier, J. (2015). Exploring the path through which career adaptability increases job satisfaction and lowers job stress: The role of affect. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91(Supplement C), 113-121. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.08.010
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Froese, F. J. (2012). Motivation and adjustment of self-initiated expatriates: The case of expatriate academics in South Korea. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(6), 1095-1112. doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.561220
Ginevra, M. C., Magnano, P., Lodi, E., Annovazzi, C., Camussi, E., Patrizi, P., & Nota, L. (2018). The role of career adaptability and courage on life satisfaction in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 62(Supplement C), 1-8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.002
Goldberg, L. R. (1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in personality lexicons. Review of Personality and Social Psychology, 2(1), 141-165.
Gowan, M. A., & Karren, R. (2012). Employability, well‐being and job satisfaction following a job loss. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 27(8), 780-798. doi:10.1108/02683941211280157
Greguras, G. J., & Diefendorff, J. M. (2010). Why does proactive personality predict employee life satisfaction and work behaviors? A field investigation of the mediating role of the self-concordance model. Personnel Psychology, 63(3), 539-560.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis. New York, NY: Prentice Hall International.
Hall, D. T., & Mirvis, P. H. (1995). The new career contract: Developing the whole person at midlife and beyond. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(3), 269-289. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1995.0004
Hamtiaux, A., Houssemand, C., & Vrignaud, P. (2013). Individual and career adaptability: Comparing models and measures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(2), 130-141. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.03.006
Han, H. J., & Rojewski, J. W. (2014). Gender-specific models of work-bound Korean adolescents’ social supports and career adaptability on subsequent job satisfaction. Journal of Career Development, 42(2), 149-164. doi:10.1177/0894845314545786
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073-1082. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00213-6
Hirschi, A., Cao, L., & Deller, J. (2012). Self‐initiated expatriates and their career success. Journal of Management Development, 31(2), 159-172. doi:10.1108/02621711211199494
Hou, C., Wu, L., & Liu, Z. (2014). Effect of proactive personality and decision-making self-efficacy on career adaptability among chinese graduates. Social Behavior and Personality, 42(6), 903-912.
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
Jawahar, I. M., & Liu, Y. (2016). Proactive personality and citizenship performance. Career Development International, 21(4), 378-401. doi:10.1108/cdi-02-2015-0022
Jiang, Z. (2016). The relationship between career adaptability and job content plateau: The mediating roles of fit perceptions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95-96(Supplement C), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.06.001
Jiang, Z. (2017). Proactive personality and career adaptability: The role of thriving at work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 85-97. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.10.003
Johnston, C. S., Luciano, E. C., Maggiori, C., Ruch, W., & Rossier, J. (2013). Validation of the German version of the career adapt-abilities scale and its relation to orientations to happiness and work stress. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 295-304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.002
Jonasson, C., Lauring, J., Selmer, J., & Trembath, J.-L. (2017). Job resources and demands for expatriate academics: Linking teacher-student relations, intercultural adjustment, and job satisfaction. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 5(1), 5-21. doi:10.1108/JGM-05-2016-0015
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6), 1007-1022. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007
Kline, T. J. (2005). Psychological Testing: A Practical approach to design and ecaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publication.
Konstam, V., Celen-Demirtas, S., Tomek, S., & Sweeney, K. (2015). Career adaptability and subjective well-being in unemployed emerging Adults: A promising and cautionary tale. Journal of Career Development, 42(6), 463-477. doi:10.1177/0894845315575151
Lauring, J., & Selmer, J. (2012). Reasons to expatriate and work outcomes of self‐initiated expatriates. Personnel Review, 41(5), 665-684. doi:10.1108/00483481211249166
Li, N., Liang, J., & Crant, J. M. (2010). The role of proactive personality in job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior: a relational perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(2), 395-404. doi:10.1037/a0018079
Lu, L., & Argyle, M. (1991). Happiness and cooperation. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(10), 1019-1030. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(91)90032-7
Maggiori, C., Johnston, C. S., Krings, F., Massoudi, K., & Rossier, J. (2013). The role of career adaptability and work conditions on general and professional well-being. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 437-449. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.07.001
Ministry of Education of Taiwan [MOE]. (2018). Enhance the energy of higher education, the Yushan project, and the international top talents (Translated from Chinese). Retrieved from https://epaper.edu.tw/topical.aspx?topical_sn=1030&period_num=814
Ministry of Interior of Taiwan [MOI]. (2018). Remain the graduated overseas chinses students with prolonged the duration of stay (Translated from Chinese). Retrieved from https://www.moi.gov.tw/chi/chi_news/news_detail.aspx?type_code=02&sn=15030
Ministry of Labour of Taiwan [MOL]. (2018). Statistic Database. Retrieved from https://www.mol.gov.tw/statistics/2452/2453/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E7%B5 %B1%E8%A8%88%E6%9C%88%E5%A0%B1/
Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2014). Embeddedness and well-being in the United States and Singapore: The mediating effects of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(3), 360-375. doi:10.1037/a0036922
Nilforooshan, P., & Salimi, S. (2016). Career adaptability as a mediator between personality and career engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94(Supplement C), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.010
Oberholster, A. J., Bendixen, M., Clarke, R., & Dastoor, B. (2013). Expatriate motivation in religious and humanitarian non‐profit‐organizations. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 1(1), 7-27. doi:10.1108/JGM-09-2012-0007
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5(2), 164-172. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
Peltokorpi, V., & Jintae Froese, F. (2009). Organizational expatriates and self-initiated expatriates: who adjusts better to work and life in Japan? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(5), 1096-1112. doi:10.1080/09585190902850299
Perera, H. N., & McIlveen, P. (2014). The role of optimism and engagement coping in college adaptation: A career construction model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(3), 395-404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.03.002
Plomp, J., Tims, M., Akkermans, J., Khapova, S. N., Jansen, P. G. W., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Career competencies and job crafting. Career Development International, 21(6), 587-602. doi:10.1108/cdi-08-2016-0145
Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedices, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
Presbitero, A., & Quita, C. (2017). Expatriate career intentions: Links to career adaptability and cultural intelligence. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 118-126.
Ran One. (2018). Professional well-being. Retrieved from http://global.ranone.com/professional-wellbeing.html
Ramos, K., & Lopez, F. G. (2018). Attachment security and career adaptability as predictors of subjective well-being among career transitioners. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 104(Supplement C), 72-85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.10.004
Rudolph, C. W., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Career adaptability: A meta-analysis of relationships with measures of adaptivity, adapting responses, and adaptation results. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 17-34. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2016.09.002
Santilli, S., Marcionetti, J., Rochat, S., Rossier, J., & Nota, L. (2017). Career adaptability, hope, optimism, and life satisfaction in Italian and Swiss adolescents. Journal of Career Development, 44(1), 62-76. doi:10.1177/0894845316633793
Santilli, S., Nota, L., Ginevra, M. C., & Soresi, S. (2014). Career adaptability, hope and life satisfaction in workers with intellectual disability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 67-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.02.011
Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career Adaptability: An Integrative Construct for Life-Span, Life-Space Theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45(3), 247-259. doi:10.1002/j.2161-0045.1997.tb00469.x
Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career adapt-abilities scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661-673. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.011
Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling. Hove, United Kingdom: Psychology Press.
Seibert, S. E., Crant, J. M., & Kraimer, M. L. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(3), 416-427. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.84.3.416
Setti, I., Dordoni, P., Piccoli, B., Bellotto, M., & Argentero, P. (2015). Proactive personality and training motivation among older workers. European Journal of Training and Development, 39(8), 681-699. doi:10.1108/ejtd-03-2015-0018
Tolentino, L. R., Garcia, P. R. J. M., Lu, V. N., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Plewa, C. (2014). Career adaptation: The relation of adaptability to goal orientation, proactive personality, and career optimism. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(1), 39-48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.11.004
Ullman, J. B. (2006). Structural equation modeling: Reviewing the basics and moving forward. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87(1), 35-50.
United Nation Sustainable Development Solutions Network [SDSN]. (2018). World Happiness Report 2018. Retrieved from http://worldhappiness.report/ed/2018/
Uy, M. A., Chan, K. Y., Sam, Y. L., Ho, M. H. R., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2015). Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 115-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.005
Vaiman, V., Haslberger, A., & Vance, C. M. (2015). Recognizing the important role of self-initiated expatriates in effective global talent management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(3), 280-286. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2015.04.004
Valickas, A., & Pilkauskaite-Valickiene, R. (2014). The Role of Career Competencies on Subjective Well-being. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116(Supplement C), 2736-2740. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.646
Van der Vaart, L., Linde, B., & Cockeran, M. (2013). The state of the psychological contract and employees’ intention to leave: The mediating role of employee well-being. South African Journal of Psychology, 43(3), 356-369. doi:10.1177/0081246313494154
Varda, K., Selda, C. D., Sara, T., & Kay, S. (2015). Career adaptability and subjective well-being in unemployed emerging adults: A promising and cautionary tale. Journal of Career Development, 42(6), 463-477. doi:10.1177/0894845315575151
Wang, Z. M., & Fu, Y. (2015). Social support, social comparison, and career adaptability: A moderated mediation model. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 43(4), 649-659. doi:10.2224/sbp.2015.43.4.649
Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 84-94. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.84
Yang, J., Gong, Y., & Huo, Y. (2011). Proactive personality, social capital, helping, and turnover intentions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26(8), 739-760. doi:10.1108/02683941111181806
Yıldırım, K., Arastaman, G., & Daşcı, E. (2016). The Relationship between Teachers' Attitudes toward Measurement and Evaluation and their Perceptions of Professional Well-Being. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 16(62), 77-96. doi:10.14689/ejer.2016.62.6
Yu, H., Guan, X., Zheng, X., & Hou, Z. (2017). Career adaptability with or without career identity: How career adaptability leads to organizational success and individual career success? Journal of Career Assessment, 26(4), 717-731. doi:10.1177/1069072717727454
Zacher, H. (2014). Individual difference predictors of change in career adaptability over time. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 188-198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.01.001
Zeidner, M., & Hadar, D. (2014). Some individual difference predictors of professional well-being and satisfaction of health professionals. Personality and Individual Differences, 65, 91-95. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.032