黑潮是位於北太平洋重要之西方邊界流，其傳輸量具有年變化、年際變化和近100日的週期變化。例如，受到季風的影響，黑潮位置有季節性變化，冬季時，黑潮距離臺灣東岸較近，夏季時，則是距離臺灣東岸較遠。許多研究對黑潮的季節性變動有相當程度的瞭解 (Liu and Yang, 2001; Hsin et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2013)，然而颱風通過時，造成黑潮之擺動變化可能會影響其季節性規律。由於黑潮擺動會對臺灣東北區域之海洋環境造成明顯影響，本研究希望能釐清颱風通過期間引起臺灣東北外海之黑潮擺動的變化，以及不同類型的颱風影響黑潮擺動之差異。本研究運用二十二年的衛星高度計資料分析颱風對黑潮擺動的影響，研究結果顯示，根據中央氣象局颱風軌跡類型之定義，第一類型颱風 (通過黑潮並切入東海陸棚)容易使鄰近東海陸棚之黑潮產生擺動的現象；第二類型 (登陸臺灣北部)颱風不易造成黑潮的擺動，只改變黑潮主軸之流速；第三類型颱風 (登陸臺灣中部)接近黑潮時，北風造成上層流速會減弱，颱風通過後，造成黑潮上層流速增強。此外，第三類型颱風容易造成黑潮主軸入侵東海陸棚，使下游之上層流速平均減弱。然而，黑潮主軸變動主要受到颱風的強度、暴風半徑、與黑潮的作用時間等因素影響。例如，當颱風強度越強、暴風半徑越大、且作用時間越長時，臺灣東北外海的黑潮擺動程度越明顯。當通過黑潮的緯度低於23° N之第四類型至第七類型的颱風，則對於臺灣東北外海的黑潮影響有限，因此，此時黑潮主軸的位置沒有明顯的擺動現象。

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