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研究生: 林庭安
Lin, Ting-Ann
論文名稱: 鐵人三項參與者認真休閒、遊憩專門化、流暢經驗與休閒效益關係之研究
A study on the Relationships Among Serious Leisure, Recreational Specialization, Flow Experience and Leisure Benefits of Triathlon Participants
指導教授: 吳崇旗
Wu, Chung-Chi
口試委員: 吳崇旗
Wu, Chung-Chi
陳美燕
Chen, Mei-Yen
蔡居澤
Tsai, Ju-Tse
王伯宇
Wang, Po-Yu
潘義祥
Pan, Yi-Hsiang
口試日期: 2023/06/26
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 公民教育與活動領導學系
Department of Civic Education and Leadership
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 145
中文關鍵詞: 耐力型運動心流極限挑戰休閒行為模式
英文關鍵詞: Endurance Sports, Flow State, Extreme Challenges, Leisure Behavior Patterns
研究方法: 調查研究
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202301718
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:93下載:0
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  • 臺灣每年舉辦超過20場鐵人三項賽事,知名品牌Challenge Taiwan於2023年的賽事更是破8000人次的參與,鐵人三項除了包含三種不同特性的運動且具階段性的挑戰外,參與者同時需要兼具知識、技術、耐力、毅力與體力、投入長時間、高消費的一項休閒運動,因此參與者投入其中的休閒行為模式歷程值得深入探究。本研究目的:以休閒行為中「認真休閒」、「遊憩專門化」、「流暢經驗」和「休閒效益」四個變項探討其關係,並作為驗證鐵人三項參與者的休閒行為模式。方法:以量化研究方式蒐集有效樣本482份,透過結構方程模式(SEM)分析與探討鐵人三項參與者休閒行為理論間的關係與驗證整體模式的適配性。研究結果:認真休閒正向顯著影響遊憩專門化、流暢經驗和休閒效益;遊憩專門化正向顯著影響流暢經驗與休閒效益;流暢經驗負向顯著影響休閒效益;遊憩專門化部分中介認真休閒與休閒效益;整體休閒行為模式經修正後屬適配。結論:首先參與者認真休閒態度越高,遊憩專門化越高並在休閒效益也越高;其次參與者認真休閒態度越高流暢經驗越高而在休閒效益收穫反降,本研究發現鐵人三項運動的訓練強度、練習時間以及追求成績的壓力,使該項運動不同於其他休閒活動,因此在流暢經驗中產生負向影響休閒效益;整體而言鐵人三項運動具有特殊性,使其在流暢經驗與休閒效益間關係驗證相異於過往研究結果。

    Taiwan hosts over 20 triathlon events annually, and the well-known brand Challenge Taiwan saw participation exceeding 8,000 individuals in its 2023 event. The triathlon involves three distinct sports with staged challenges, demanding participants to possess knowledge, skills, endurance, determination, and physical strength. It is a leisure activity that requires long hours and significant investment. Therefore, delving into the leisure behavior patterns of participants in this context is crucial.
    Research Objective: This study aims to explore the relationships among four variables within the context of leisure behavior: "serious leisure," "recreation specialization," "flow experience," and "leisure benefits." These variables serve as a means to validate the leisure behavior model of triathlon participants.
    Methodology: Using a quantitative research approach, 482 valid samples were collected. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze and investigate the relationships among these leisure behavior theory variables for triathlon participants, while also verifying the overall model's fit.
    Research Findings: Serious leisure significantly and positively influences recreation specialization, flow experience, and leisure benefits. Recreation specialization positively impacts flow experience and leisure benefits. Flow experience has a negative impact on leisure benefits. Recreation specialization partially mediates the relationship between serious leisure and leisure benefits. After adjustments, the overall leisure behavior model demonstrated good fit.
    Conclusion: Firstly, participants with a stronger inclination towards serious leisure exhibit higher levels of recreation specialization, resulting in greater leisure benefits. Secondly, higher levels of serious leisure involvement lead to increased flow experience, but a decrease in leisure benefit gains. This study reveals that the intensity of training, practice time, and the pressure to achieve in triathlon set it apart from other leisure activities, resulting in a negative impact of flow experience on leisure benefits. Overall, triathlon possesses unique characteristics that differentiate the relationship between flow experience and leisure benefits from previous research findings.

    謝誌 i 中文摘要ii 英文摘要iii 目次iv 表次vi 圖次ix 第一章 緒論1 第一節 研究背景與動機1 第二節 研究目的7 第三節 研究問題8 第四節 研究假設9 第五節 研究範圍與限制10 第六節 研究重要性與貢獻12 第七節 名詞釋義17 第二章 文獻探討19 第一節 鐵人三項發展現況21 第二節 認真休閒理論25 第三節 遊憩專門化理論37 第四節 流暢經驗理論44 第五節 休閒效益理論50 第六節 本章總結58 第三章 研究方法59 第一節 研究架構59 第二節 研究對象60 第三節 研究工具61 第四節 研究實施程序68 第五節 資料處理與分析70 第四章 結果與討論85 第一節 鐵人三項參與者現況與特性85 第二節 研究測量模型及量表信效度89 第三節 結構模式驗證98 第四節 綜合討論106 第五章 結論與建議114 第一節 結論114 第二節 研究建議117 參考文獻 121 附錄136 附錄一 預試問卷136 附錄二 正式問卷140 附錄三 研究倫理審查核可證明書144 附錄四 問卷招募文宣145

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