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研究生：	黃章翔
論文名稱：	兩性水膠作為水泥砂漿自養護劑可行性的探討
指導教授：	許貫中
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	化學系 Department of Chemistry
論文出版年：	2010
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	91
中文關鍵詞：	兩性水膠、吸水率、水化程度、水泥、砂漿
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：342 下載：5
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本篇主要研究是利用一兩性水膠PDA作為自養護劑，首先將馬來酸酐和N,N-二甲基胺乙醇反應得到出二甲基胺乙基氧羰基丙烯(DME)，DME再與氯醋酸鈉反應合成出單體N,N-二甲基胺-3-β-羧基丙烯酸乙酯乙酸鈉鹽(DCA)，最後將單體和丙烯醯胺以自由基聚合的方式反應得到PDA水膠，探討在不同單體比例、交聯劑劑量與起始劑劑量下水膠對於純水吸水率的影響，以及在不同pH值、溫度與鹽水下吸水率之影響，合成之DME和DCA以FT-IR鑑定結構，將合成之PDA水膠添加於水泥砂漿試體中，探討加入水膠對試體重量損失、內部相對濕度、抗壓強度、塑性乾縮與乾燥乾縮的影響。
實驗結果顯示在DCA：AM＝4：6、MBA＝0.5 mol%、APS＝0.2 mol%條件下反應合成的PDA在純水和鹽水有最高的吸水率，分別在純水的吸水率為312.5 g/g；在0.1M NaCl溶液下吸水率為31.7 g/g；在0.1M CaCl2溶液下吸水率為22.3 g/g，另外添加適量的PDA可減少水泥砂漿試體的重量損失、維持內部相對濕度、增加抗壓強度，在塑性乾縮和乾燥乾縮方面，與控制組相比之下亦有實際的改善效果，最後使用XRD和DSC分別對水化反應所產生的氫氧化鈣進行定性與定量的分析。

In this paper is using an amphoteric hydrogel poly(DCA-co- acrylamide) (PDA) as a self-curing agent of mortar. At first, DME (3-((2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)carbonyl) acrylic acid) was reacted by maleic anhydride and N,N-dimethylethanol -amine.Then DCA was obtained from DME and sodium chloroacetate. At last, DCA was reacted with acrylamide to obtain PDA hydrogel. The effect of the monomer ratio, initiators, and crosslinkers of PDA on the swelling ratio in water was investigated. We also measure swelling ratio of hydrogel in different pH, temperatures and saline solution. The structure of PDA was confirmed by the FT-IR spectra. The effect of containing PDA on weight loss, water retention, relative humidity, compressive strength, plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage. of mortars were investigated.
The results indicate that the maximum swelling ratio of PDA (DCA：AM = 4：6；APS = 0.2 mol%；MBA = 0.5 mol%) is 312.5 g/g in water and 31.7 g/g, 22.3 g/g in 0.1M NaCl, 0.1M CaCl2 solution. Added PDA as a a self-curing agent of mortar which can improve weight loss, water retention, relative humidity, compressive strength, plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage, rather than control group. Fanilly, the hydration degree of cement pastes was measuring by XRD (qualitative analysis) and DSC (quantitative analysis).

第一章 緒論    1
1-1研究目的    3
1-2研究內容    3
第二章 文獻回顧    5
2-1 水膠    5
2-2 水膠的吸水原理    6
2-3 影響水膠吸水能力之因素    6
2-3-1 親水性官能基種類    6
2-3-2 交聯密度    7
2-3-3 水溶液之離子強度    7
2-3-4 水溶液之pH值    8
2-3-5 多價陽離子造成的螯合效應    9
2-4 水膠的應用    10
2-4-1 醫藥衛生方面的應用    10
2-4-2 人工器官方面的應用    11
2-4-3日用化學方面的應用    12
2-4-4食品工業方面的應用    13
2-4-5農林園藝方面的應用    14
2-5 水泥    15
2-5-1卜特蘭水泥之組成    15
2-5-2 水泥之水化    16
2-5-3 混凝土的收縮變形機制    18
2-6 養護之重要性    19
2-7 水膠於水泥中的研究應用    22
第三章  實驗方法與測量原理    26
3-1 實驗流程    26
3-2 實驗藥品與材料    28
3-2-1藥品    28
3-2-2 水泥    29
3-2-2 強塑劑    29
3-3 實驗儀器    30
3-4 實驗方法    32
3-4-1 DME (3-((2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)carbonyl)acrylic acid之合成    32
3-4-2 DCA(N,N-dimethyl(3-β-(carboxylate) acryloyl oxyethyl) sodium ethanoate)之合成    33
3-4-3 PDA (Poly(N,N-dimethyl(3-β-(carboxylate) acryloyl oxyethyl) sodium ethanoate-co-acrylamide)之合成    34
3-4-4  紅外光(IR)光譜分析    37
3-4-5  熱示差掃瞄卡量計 (DSC)    37
3-4-6  粉末X光繞射分析儀 (Powder XRD)    38
3-4-7  PDA水膠吸水率測量    38
3-4-8  PDA在不同pH值下吸水率    39
3-4-9  PDA在不同溫度下吸水率    39
3-4-10  PDA在鹽水溶液吸水率    39
3-4-11  水泥砂漿試體之拌製    40
3-4-12  水泥砂漿試體重量損失之測量    41
3-4-13  水泥砂漿抗壓強度測試    41
3-4-14  水泥砂漿試體內部濕度之測量    41
3-4-15  水泥砂漿乾燥收縮    42
3-4-16  水泥漿試體之拌製    42
3-4-17  水泥漿圓盤塑性乾縮製作    43
3-4-18  水泥漿凝結時間試體拌製    44
第四章  結果與討論    45
4-1 水膠結構的鑑定與分析    45
4-1-1  DME之結構分析    45
4-1-2  DCA之結構分析    45
4-1-3  PDA之結構分析    46
4-2 水膠在純水中的吸水行為    48
4-2-1 不同單體比例對吸水率的影響    48
4-2-2 起始劑劑量對吸水率的影響    50
4-2-3 交聯劑劑量對吸水率的影響    51
4-2-4 溫度對吸水率的影響    56
4-3 不同PH值水溶液對水膠吸水行為的影響    57
4-4 不同鹽水溶液對PDA4111的吸水行為    58
4-5-1 不同濃度鹽水溶液對PDA4111的吸水行為    59
4-6 添加PDA4111對水泥砂漿保水性質的影響    63
4-6-1 PDA4111對水泥砂漿試體重量損失的影響    63
4-6-2 PDA4111對水泥砂漿試體抗壓強度的影響    65
4-6-3 PDA4111對乾燥收縮的影響    66
4-6-4 PDA4111含水量對水泥砂漿重量損失的影響    65
4-6-5 PDA4111含水量對抗壓強度的影響    69
4-7 添加PDA4111對水泥漿保水性質的影響    70
4-7-1 添加PDA4111對水泥漿圓盤裂縫的影響    70
4-7-2  XRD：水化程度的定性分析    75
4-7-3  DSC：水化程度的定量分析    80
4-7-4 添加PDA4111對水泥漿凝結時間的影響    83
第五章 結論    86
第六章 參考資料    88
                                

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