尼伯特颱風於2016年7月8日開始影響台灣，登陸期間在台灣全台降下豪大雨，隨後在2016年7月9日至12日期間，尼伯特颱風離開台灣後，引入西南氣流為台灣西南部區域降下豪大雨，造成嚴重的土石流及水災。本研究使用WRF模式來模擬尼伯特颱風個案以及後續的西南氣流，來探討西南部山區強降雨之成因，並且針對尼伯特颱風離台之後，在西南部外海及南海北部上空大氣環境與西南氣流及颱風外圍環流造成強降雨進行敏感度實驗。
模擬結果顯示，有兩波中尺度對流系統分別出現在模擬第一天時颱風外圍環流(西風)及西南氣流(西南風)在台灣海峽上輻合並隨著西南風氣流移入台灣地區，但台灣西南部迎風面區域環境呈現對流穩定之狀態因此對流移入迎風面地區較不易持續發展，模擬第三天時西南氣流及地形輻合，隨後受到地形效應影響，使得低層水氣凝結，與西南部外海移進的對流雨帶合併，使得對流發展增強，於西南部山區及平原降下強降雨。
隨後本研究使用了3DVAR加入虛擬探空資料，於南海北部上空加入風速及濕度虛擬探空資料，來提升CTRL組第二天西南氣流較弱的情形。模擬結果顯示，增加水氣及風速後於南海北部、台灣西南部地區及外海區域水氣通量皆明顯增高，且位溫高，大氣環境呈現不穩定且暖濕，因此有利於西南氣流從南海北部移動至台灣西南部地區時能夠持續發展，並且西南部外海區域強西南風，將對流移入台灣地區，隨後受到地形效應影響，使得上升運動明顯增強，強對流為台灣西南部區域降下強降雨。
本研究也利用改變地形高度來進行測試，從地形移除到高度提升，臺灣的降雨區域有隨著地形高度的增加出現愈來愈向南部區域集中之趨勢，由福如數可以得知福如數<0.5時，中央山脈阻擋效應明顯增加，此時的阻塞現象非常明顯，且出現了降水極值減少及降水區域往上游後退並且降雨區域變大之情形。

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