研究生: |
謝淑惠 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
大學生創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力之分析研究 Analysis of College Students Perceived Competencies in Inovative Restaurant Design |
指導教授: |
洪久賢
Horng, Jeou-Shyan 孫瑜華 Sun, Yu-Hua |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
運動休閒與餐旅管理研究所 Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management |
論文出版年: | 2014 |
畢業學年度: | 102 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 117 |
中文關鍵詞: | 餐廳空間規畫能力 、創造力 、美學能力 、綠色設計能力 |
英文關鍵詞: | ompetency in innovative restaurant design, creativity, aesthetic competency, green design competency |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:213 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
近年來餐廳除了是販售、提供餐點之地方外,亦成為銷售用餐體驗的美學空間,餐廳空間規畫人員即是整合餐廳的軟硬體設施做一整體空間考量之規劃,擔任著具有整合餐廳特色、行銷、經營者理念等要件的關鍵角色。本研究旨在瞭解餐旅及設計相關科系學生之創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力現況,並探討學生背景變項對其創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力之差異性,以及創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力各構面間的相關情形。
本研究採用問卷調查法,共發放470份問卷,排除遺漏值及無效問卷後,回收有效問卷為458份,回收率為97.4%。調查所得資料以敘述性統計、信效度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析方法進行統計分析。歸納本研究結果如下:
一、餐旅及設計相關科系大學生認知具備中上程度之「創新餐廳空間規劃能力」;得分情形以「創造力」為最高,依序是「綠色設計能力」、「美學能力」、「專業基礎能力」。
二、不同科系、性別、年級、工讀經驗與工讀時間長短在學生創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力上,部分構面具有顯著差異。
三、有無獲獎經驗及到創新餐廳用餐頻率對學生在創新餐廳空間規劃認知能力上,各構面均有顯著的差異。
四、學生在創新餐廳空間規劃整體認知能力和各構面間都具有顯著正相關。
最後,根據研究所得結果提出相關建議,希冀對餐旅及設計相關科系學生及教師在安排課程及未來學習上有所幫助。
關鍵字: 餐廳空間規畫能力、創造力、美學能力、綠色設計能力
In recent years, restaurants have become places not only for foods, but also for aesthetic experiences. Designers of a physical dining environment must take into consideration of all the hardware and software of the restaurant to make comprehensive planning, and they would be the key to integrate all the features of the restaurant, marketing concepts, and the ideas of the operator. Focusing on college students from tourism, hospitality, and design departments, this study aims to explore the students' perceived competencies in innovative restaurant design, analyze the influence of their background variables on such perceived competencies, and investigate the relations among different dimensions of innovative restaurant design.
In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted. In total, 470 questionnaire sheets were distributed, with 458 of them collected being valid (97.4%).The data were further statistically analyzed with descriptive statistics, analyses of validity and reliability, independent-sample T-test, single factor ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. The results of this study are as follows:
1、 For college students from tourism, hospitality, and design departments, their level of perceived competencies in innovative physical dining environment design is above average. In descending order, the students' top four perceived competencies are Creativity, Green Design, Aesthetics, and Basic Professional Skill.
2、 Factors such as departments, genders, grades, lengths and experiences of part-time works cause significant differences in some dimensions of students' competencies in innovative physical dining environment design.
3、 Factors such as "history of receiving relevant award(s)" and the "frequency of dining in innovative restaurants" cause significant differences in all dimensions of students' perceived competencies in innovative restaurant design.
4、 The overall planning competency in innovative restaurant design shows significant positive correlation with all dimensions.
Based on the results, relevant suggestions were proposed in the hope of being beneficial to the teaching and learning in tourism, hospitality, and design departments.
Keywords: competency in innovative restaurant design, creativity, aesthetic competency, green design competency
于寧、賴明伸 (2005)。綠色消費的國際發展趨勢。財團法人環境與發展基金會《科學發展》,第387期,20-25
王世德編 (1987)。《美學辭典》。台北:木鐸。
毛連塭、郭有遹、陳龍安、林幸台(2000)。創造力研究。台北:心理出版社
台灣建築美學文化經濟協會(2009)。台灣建築美學文化經濟協會成立宗旨。線上檢索日期檢索日期:2011年7月10日,網址http://www.aace.com.tw/html/about/index.aspx#a06
何友鋒、陸建浩、沈永堂(2006)。建築系高中職學生空間設計能力評量之研究。設計學報,11 (2),83-99。
呂燕卿 (2005)。正視台灣視覺文化環境與課程美學。台灣教育,第633期,7-14。
李仁芳 (2008)。創意心靈:美學與創意經濟的起手式= In search of creative minds。台北:先覺出版社。
李志仁、宋同正、蔡登傳 (2012)。服務場域與品質知覺之關聯性:以主題餐廳為例。設計學報,17(4),1-20
李君如、陳品孜 (2011)。美學經濟風潮下的企業創新思維─由厚植美感與品牌經營的觀光工廠經驗談起。健康管理學刊,9(1),83-97
行政院(2002)。挑戰2008:國家發展重點計畫(2002~2007)。取自行政院,線上檢索日期:2013年06月20日,網址http://www.wpeiic.ncku.edu.tw/law/%E6%8C%91%E6%88%B02008.pdf
行政院文化建設委員會-生活美學運動(2008)。線上檢索日期:2011年6月1日,取自http://www.cca.gov.tw/business.do?method=list&id=22
行政院主計總處 (2011)。工商及服務普查100年普查總報告。取自行政院主計處,線上檢索日期:2014年01月02日,網址http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Attachment/421917058J2042CJ5.pdf
邱皓政(1998)。組織創新環境的概念建構與測量工具的發展,行政院國家科學委員會整合計畫-技術創造力特性與開發研究子計畫。台北:行政院國科會。
周佳蓉、陳國勝、王月鶯、林勝宗 (2011)。台灣餐廳業採行綠色餐飲措施之認知與執行程度:重要-困難-執行程度分析。環境管理研究,第12期,1-23。
吳明隆 (2006)。SPSS統計應用學習實務─問卷分析與應用統計 (第三版)。台北:知成數位科技股份有限公司。
吳明隆、涂金堂 (2013)。SPSS與統計應用分析 (第二版)。台北:五南。
吳運書、王瑤芬(2010)。中式綠色餐廳評量指標建構之研究。第三屆台南科技大學生活應用科學論壇論文集,70-88。台南:台南科技大學
沈玉振 (2001)。餐廳籌備計劃 (1) – 可行性評估與經營概念。台北:品度出版社。
柯文華、李佳靜 (2010)。臺灣中餐廚師專業職能、繼續教育與職涯發展關聯之研究。餐旅暨家政學刊,7(3),261-283
陳文龍、李俊明 (2008)。設計。品:浩漢設計與陳文龍的美學人生。台北:高貴出版社。
陳信憲、吳菊 (2005)。多元入學方是對學生專業能力認知之探討–四技餐旅管理系之研究。觀光研究學報,11(2),165-187。
游萬來、楊敏英、廖珮泠 (2007)。大學工業設計系學生的學習態度調查。設計學報,12(2),15-36
經濟部商業司編 (2001)。餐飲業經營管理實務。台北:中國生產力中心出版。
經濟部商業司(2013)。102年度「台灣美食科技化服務及發展計劃」- 台灣優質餐廳評選。線上檢索日期:2013年01月03日,取自http://gcis.nat.gov.tw/main/v100/publicContentAction.do?method=showPublic&pkGcisPublicContent=3433
經濟部統計處 (2013)。工商業及服務業動態調查-餐飲業營業額及年增率 。取自經濟部統計處,線上檢索日期:2014年01月02日,網址http://dmz9.moea.gov.tw/GMWeb/advance/AdvanceQuery.aspx
蔣勳 (2006)。美的覺醒:蔣勳和你談眼、耳、鼻、舌、身。台北:遠流出版事業股份有限公司。
Agut, S., Grau, R., & Peiró, J. M. (2003). Competency needs among managers from Spanish hotels and restaurants and their training demands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 22 (3), 281-295.
Amabile, T. M. (1998). How to kill creativity.Harvard Business review, September-October, 77-87
Benner, P. E. (1984). Stress and satisfaction on the job. New York: Praeger
Beggs, B., Ross, C. M. & Goodwin, B. (2008). A comparison of student and practitioner perspectives of the travel and tourism internship. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 7(1), 31-39.
Bitner, M. J. (1990). Evaluating service encounters: The effects of physical surroundings and employee responses. Journal of Marketing, 54 (2), 69-82.
Bitner, M. J. (1992). Servicescapes: The impact of physical surroundings on customers and employees. Journal of Marketing, 56(2), 57-71
Brownell, J. (2008). Leading on land and sea: Competencies and context. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(2), 137-150.
Bloch, P. H., Brunel, F. F. & Arnold T. J. (2003). Individual differences in the centrality of visual product aesthetics concept and measurement. Journal of Consumer Research, 29 (4),551-565.
Butler, F. (1978). The Concept of Competency: An Operational Definition. Educational Technology, 18, 7-18.
Bloch, P. H. (1995). Seeking the ideal form: Product design & consumer response. Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 16-29.
Caroline, R., E.(1992). A study to identify and analyze educational competencies relevant to doctoral studies in tourism. Doctoral Dissertation, The George Washington University.
Chung-Herrera, B. G., Enz, C. A., &Lankau, M. J. (2003). Grooming future hospitality leaders: A competencies model. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quartely, 44 (3), 17-25.
Çizel, B., Anafarta, N., &Sarvan, F. (2007). An analysis of managerial competency needs in the tourism sector: The case of turkey. Tourism Review,62(2), 14-22.
Chan, W. W., & Lam, J. C. (2002). Prediction of pollutant emission throughelectricity consumption by the hotel industry in Hong Kong. HospitalityManagement, 21, 381–391.
Davies, T., & Konisky, D. M. (2000). Environment Implications of the Foodservice and Food Retail Industry.Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.
Deng, Shiming, & Burnett, J. (2002). Energy use and management in hotels in Hong Kong. Hospitality Management, 21, 371–380.
Duhachek, A. (2005). Coping: A multidimensional hieracrchical framework of responses to stressful consumption episodes. Journal of Consumer Research, 32 (1), 41-53.
Eckman &Wanger (1994). Judging the attractiveness of product design: the effect of visual attributes and consumer characteristics. Assosciation for Cinsumer Research, 21, 560-564.
Epstein, R., Schmidt, S. M. &Warfel, R. (2008). Measuring and Training Creativity Competencies: Validation of a New Test. Creativity Research Journal, 20 (1), 7-12.
Ewenstein, B. &Whyte, J. (2007) Beyond words:Aestheic knowledge ans knowing in organizations. Organization Studies, 28(5) , 689-708.
Glosson, L. R. (1985). Post secondary analysis of clothings/textiles technology programs in texas. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No: ED266 261).
Gössling, S., Garrod, B., Aall, C., Hille, J. &Peeters, P. (2011). Food management in tourism: Reducing tourism’s carbon ‘foodprint’. Tourism Management, 32(3), 534-543.
Guilford, J. P.(1957). Creative abilityes in the arts. Psychologiacl Review, 64 (2), 110-118
Han, H., Hsu, L. T., & Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to green hotel choice: Testing the effect of environmental friendly activities. Tourism Management, 31(3), 325-334.
Han, H., Hsu, L. T., Lee, J. S., &Sheu, C. (2011). Are lodging customers ready to go green? An examination of attitudes, demographics, and eco-friendly intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30 (2), 345-355.
Han, H., &Ryu, K. (2009).The roles of the physical environment, price perception, and customer satisfaction in determining customer loyalty in the restaurant industry, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 33(4), 487-510.
Heide, M., Lardal, K., &Gronhaug, K. (2007). The design and management of ambience ─ Implications for hotel architecture and service. Tourism Management, 28 (5), 1315-1325
Horng, J. S. (2006). A study of innovation mechanism for CHA for TEA composite restaurant. The R & D Management Conference. Taipei.
Horng, J. S., Hsu, H., Liu, C. H., Lin, L., & Tsai, C. Y. (2011a). Competency analysis of top managers in the Taiwanese hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30 (4), 1044-1054.
Horng, J. S., Liu C.H., Chou, S. F., Tsai, C. Y. & Hsieh, S. H. (2011b). Challenges to existing competencies in space design for future changes. Proceedings of World Research Summit for Tourism and Hospitality.
Horng, J. S., Liu, C.H., Chou, S. F. & Tsai, C. Y. (2013a). Professional conceptions of creativity in restaurant space planning. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 34, 73-80.
Horng, J. S., Chou, S. F., Liu, C.H., & Tsai, C. Y. (2013b). Creativity, aesthetics and eco-friendliness: A physical dining environment design synthetic assessment model of innovative restaurants. Tourism Management. 36, 15-25.
Horng, J. S., Hu, M. L., Teng, C. C., Hsiao, H. L. & Liu, C.H. (2013). Development and validation of low-carbon literacy scale among practitioners in the Taiwanese tourism industry. Tourism Management. 35, 2555-262.
Horng, J. S., & Wang, L. L. (2003). Competency analysis profile of F&B managers of international tourist hotel in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 8 (1), 26-36.
Horng, J. S., & Wu, B. H. (2002). Competency analysis profile of managers of chain restaurant. Journal of Chinese Home Economic, 32, 1-15.
Hu, H. H., Parsa, H. G., & Self, J. (2010). The Dynamics of Green Restaurant Patronage. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51 (3), 344-362.
Hsu, Y., Chang, W.C., & Yang, V. (2007). A study on the recruitment and job performance of newly recruited product designers and their implications in design education. The International Journal of Arts Edcation, 5 (1) , 71-92.
Hu, M.,L. (2010) .Developing a core competency model of innovative culinary develpoment. International Journal of HospitalityManagement, 29 (4) , 582-590.
Jacob, C.,&Gueguen, N. (2012). The effect of physical distance between patrons and servers on tipping.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 36(1),25-31.
Jauhari, V. (2006). Competencies for a career in the hospitality industry: an Indian perspective. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18 (2), 123 -134.
Jeong, E. H. & Jang, S. C. (2010). Effects of Restaurant Green Practices: Which practices are important and effective? Caesars Hospitality Research Summit.
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39 (1), 31-36.
Kao, J., J.(1989). Entrepreneurship creativity ,andorgnization. New Jersey:Prentice Hall
Kitto,J., Lok, D., &Rudowicz E.(1994). Measuring creative thinking:an activity- based approach. Creativity Research Journal,7(1), 59-69
Kooser, R. (2003). Design for customers, not the designer. Food management, 38 (9), 22.
Kotler, P. (1973). Atmospheric as a marketing tool. Journal of Retailing,49 (4), 48-64
Kotler, P. Bowen, J. &Makens, J. (2003). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. (3th Eds). New York: Upper Saddle River.
Lambert, C., U. &Waston, K., M. (1984). Restaurant design: researching the effects on customers. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 24 (4), 68-76.
Lin, M. Q., & Chiang, Y. F. (2010). The influence of store environment on perceived experiential value and behavior intention. Asia Pacific Management Review, 15 (2), 281-299
Linstead, S., &Hopfl, H. (2000). The Aesthetics of Orgalization, London: Sage Publications Ltd
Lorraine, W.,& Saffron, O. (2010). Green identity, green living?The role of pro-environmental self-idientity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3),305-314.
Luh, D. B., & Lin, C.C. (2005). Supply and demand of professional knowledge and skills in design and applied arts education in Taiwan.Journal of Design, 10(2), 89-104.
Ma, H. H. (2006). A synthetic analysis of effectiveness of single components and packages in creativity training programs. Creativity Research Journal, 18 (4), 434-446.
Mensah, I. (2006).Environmental management practices among hotels in greater Accra region. International Journal of Hospitality Management,25(3),414-431.
Mullin, R. F., & Sherman, R. (1993). Creativity and performance appraisal: shall never the twain meet? Creativity Research Journal, 6 (4), 425-434.
Parry, S.B. (1998). Just what is a competency? Training, 35(6), 58-64.
Pine & Gilmore. (1999). The experience economy: work is theatre & every business a stage (1st ed.). Bostone: Harvard Business School Press.
Rahman, N. (2010).Toward a theory of restaurant décor: an empirical examination of Italian restaurant in Manhattan. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34 (3), 330-340.
Rostan, S., M. (2010). Studio learning: Motivation, competence, and the development of young art students’ talent and creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 22(3), 261-271.
Ryu, K., & Jang, S. (2008). Influence of restaurant’s physical environments on emtion and behavioral intention. The Service Industries Journal. 28 (8), 1151-1165.
Ryu, K., & Han, H. (2010a). New or repeat customers: How does physical environment influence their restaurant experience? International Journal of Hospitality Management. 30 (3), 599-611.
Ryu, K., & Han, H. (2010b). Influence of the Quality of Food, Service, and Physical Environment on Customer Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention in Quick-Casual Restaurant: Moderating Role of Perceived Price. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research.34 (3), 310-329.
Ruff, C., L., and Olson, M., A. (2009). The attitudes of interior design students towards sustainability. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 19(1), 67-77.
Raybould, M., & Wilkins, H. (2005). Over qualified and under experienced: Turning graduates into hospitality managers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 17 (3), 203-216.
Robson, S. K. A., Kimes, S. E., Becker F. D. & Evans G. W.(2011). Consumers’ responses to table spaceing in restaurants. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 52 (3), 253-264
Swan, K., Kotabe, S. M., & Allred, B. B. (2005). Exploring robust design capabilities, their role in creating global products, & their relationship to firm performance. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(2), 144-164.
Scott,R., K.(1995). Creative employees: a challenge to managers. The Journal of Creative Behavior,29(1),64-81.
Siu, V. (1998). Managing by competencies ─ a study on the managerial competencies of hotel middle managers in Hong Kong. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 17 (3), 253-273.
Spanbroek, N. (2010). Strategic teaching : student learning through working the process. The International Journal of Art and Design Education, 29 (2), 111-120
Stark , J. S., Lowther, M. A., & Hagerty ,B. M.K. (1986). Responsive professional education: Balancing outcomes and opportunities. Washington: ASHE.
Thaler, R. (1985). Mental accouting and consumer choice. Marketing Science, 4 (3),199-214
Torrance, E. P.(1988). The nature of creativity as manifest in its testing in Sternberg. The Nature of Creativity. US: Cambridge University Press.
Walker, J. R., ( 2004 ) Introduction to hospitality. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Wall, E. A., & Berry, L. L. (2007). The combined effects of the physical environment and employee behavior on customer perception of restaurant service quality. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 48 (1), 59-69
Weggeman, M., Lammers, I. & Akkermans, H. (2007). Aesthetics from a design perspective. Journal of Organizational Change Management. 20 (3), 346-358
Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., & Griffin R. W. (1993).Toward a theory of organizational creativity.The Academy of Management Review, 18(2), 293-321.
Wu, C. H. J., & Liang, R. D. (2009). Effect of experiential value on customer satisfaction with service encounters in luxury-hotel restaurants, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 586–593
Wu. M, H., Chang, C,Y., & Rau, D,C. (2008). A study of the influencing indicators of artistic creativity for senior high and vocational high school students : An example of the winners of national championships. Research In Arts Education, 16, 1-28
Yildirim, K., Akalin-Baskaya, A., & Hidayetoglu, M. L. (2007). Effects of indoor color on mood and cognitive performance. Building and Environment, 42 (9), 3233-3240.
Yildirim, K., & Akalin-Baskaya, A. (2007). Perceived crowding in a café/restaurant with different seating densities. Building and Environment, 42 (9), 3410-3417.
Zopiatis, A. (2010) Is it art or science? Chef’s competencies for success. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29 (1) , 459-467.
Zeng L., Salvendy, G., & Zhang, M. (2009). Factor structure of web site creativity.Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 568-577.
Zuber, A. (1997). Roadhouse design jump-stars Woody’s sales, energy. Nation’s Restaurant News, 31, 18