碳六十/雙硫醇壓電晶體膜感測器的研製與應用
摘要
壓電感測器是一種質量感測器，利用質量變化造成頻率改變，再由此頻率變化值了解被偵測物的特性。在本研究中利用自行合成的C60-Ethanedithiol，C60-Propanedithiol及C60-Butanedithiol為塗附物質，以藉此增加晶體吸附金屬的能力及偵測金屬的選擇性，並將它應用在液相的壓電感測器上。此壓電感測器之頻率變化是經振盪線路，再經由計頻器，輸入電腦讀取記錄並繪圖。
當C60-Dithiol的薄膜吸附金屬離子後會造成石英壓電晶體的重量增加，導致頻率下降，所以吸附量越多，頻率下降量也越多。實驗設計三個系統(1)液體靜相系統(2)液體脫附系統(3)液體動相系統。在靜相系統中針對鹼金族金屬，鹼土族金屬及過渡金屬進行偵測，這三大類金屬中，頻率下降量依序為鹼金族金屬＜鹼土族金屬＜過渡金屬，其中又以Ag+及Hg2+的效果最好，以最好的Hg2+離子為例其偵測下限可達1.2×10-8 M，靈敏度為7.7×108 Hz/M。
在脫附系統中可用以了解之前金屬的吸附行為。多數的金屬離子多屬物理吸附，所以可以在此系統中完全脫附，而Ag+及Hg2+的部分則因為和C60-Dithiol的吸附能力太強，可能已有化學鍵結，所以無法在系統中完全脫附。
在動相系統中和靜相的情況差不多，針對金屬測量時頻率下降量順序也為：鹼金族金屬＜鹼土族金屬＜過渡金屬，但因為動相系統強調瞬間的吸附能力，所以對於和C60-Dithiol發生化學鍵結的Ag+及Hg2+反倒失去了絕對優勢。
C60-Dithiol壓電感測器具有好的穩定度及再現性，且對於過渡金屬元素的偵測極限皆可達到10-6M的程度。

Preparation and Application of Fullerene C60-Dithiol Coated Piezoelectric Crystal Membrane Sensor
Abstract
Piezoelectric crystal sensor is an extremely mass-sensitive device based on the inverse piezoelectric effect in which a shift in resonance frequency can be related to its mass change. In this study,some C60-Dithiol complexes,such as C60-Ethanedithiol,C60-Propanedithiol and C60-Butanedithiol were synthesized and applied as coating materials on piezoelectric quartz crystal membranes detector for various metal ions in solution.The frequency shift of the piezoelectric sensor with an oscillator was measured with a frequency counter and recorded with a computer.
The adsorption of metal ions onto C60-Dithiols coating material caused the increase in the mass of the quartz crystal and the frequency decrease of quartz crystal.Three systems:(1)liquid static system (2)liquid desorption system and (3)liquid flow system were designed in this study.In the liquid static system,frequency shifts for these metal ions were in the order: alkali metal＜alkaline-earth metal＜transition metal ions.Among these metal ions,Ag+ and Hg2+ are the better than others. The piezoelectric detection system exhibited high sensitivity of 106~108 Hz/M,with the detection limit of 10-6~10-8 M for transition metal ions ,e.g. Cd2+,Zn2+,Ni2+,Cu2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Fe3+,Ag+ and Hg2+.for example, the sensitivity and detection limit behavior of Hg2+ were 7.7×108 Hz/M ,and 1.2×10-8 M .However,the desorption study revealed that among metal ions,only Ag+ and Hg2+ seemed to exhibit chemisorption while physical adsorption is found for all other metal ions.
The frequency response of the C60-Dithiol coated piezoelectric sensor for these metal ions in the flow system is similar to that of static system.The frequency shifts are also in the order: alkali metal＜alkaline-earth metal＜transition metal.But in the flow system, Ag+ and Hg2+ cannot show better frequency response than other metal ions due to short time adsorption. The C60-Dithiols coated piezoelectric sensor also showed good stability and reproducibility with RSD of 3.8％。

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