本論文主旨,乃在應用當代馬克斯學者如阿圖塞、馬歇瑞、和伊果頓等,有關意識形態與文本 之理論,融合發揮,藉以重讀葉慈詩,探討其詩作中所交映的民族主義意識形態之多重 風貌. 葉慈詩中有三種不同的文化民族主義:(一)中產階級之愛國文化;(二)十九世紀(年 輕愛爾蘭運動)之文化或文學民族主義,其目的在建立民族文學;(三)浪漫的、政治的、或 革命的民族主義,其目的在以軍事手段爭取國家獨立.此外,葉慈詩中有二種不同的愛國民 族主義:天主教之情緒化民族主義,及新教徒之知性民族主義.本論文也藉用雷南(Ernest Renen)之觀念--(民族性即靈魂或精神原則)--來闡述葉慈詩中靈魂形成的經過.

This disse-rtation attempts to reread Yeats's poetry by applying not only the theory of ideology in contemporary Marxist criticism but also Raymond Williams'cultural theory and Ernest Renan's notion of nationality. In Yeats's poetry, we can find three different aspects of cultural nationalism: (1) the patrioticculture or nationalism of the bourgeois; (2) the cultural or literary nationalism of the Young Ireland movement; and (3) the romantic, political,or revolutionary nationalism. These three aspects correspond to the three features of Raymond Williams' cultural theory: "the Dominant, the Residual, and the Emergent." In addition, there are two kinds of patriotic nationalism in Yeats's poetry: (1) the emotional natioanalism of Catholic Ireland and the intellectual nationalism of Protestant Ireland. Yeats disapproves of the firstkind, which is characterized by inheritance and pure emotion, but approves of the second kind, which emphasizes a choice of the mind or intellect. Further, this dissertation also adopts Renan's notion of "nationality as a soul or a spiritual principle"; Renan's notion resembles Yeats's concept of Irish nationality as an intellectual idea or a spiritual life and, in a larger sense, Yeats's mystic concept of the great mind or the universal mind which is the underlying principle of many of his poems.