本研究目的在了解勞工之人格特質、工作壓力知覺及工作壓力反應的情形及三者間的關係。
研究乃採自編的結構式問卷進行調查，以台糖公司全省十三家糖廠之製糖工場正式員工為研究對象，並根據321份有效問卷來進行分析。研究結果如下：
一、 工作壓力知覺程度
受試者工作壓力知覺程度屬中高程度，其中又以「生涯目標知覺」程度為最高，其他依序為「組織結構與氣氛知覺」、「工作上物理環境知覺」、「家庭與工作關係知覺」、「人際關係知覺」及「工作內容知覺」。
此外，工作壓力知覺程度並不因社會人口學變項不同而有所差異。
二、 工作壓力反應情形
受試者的生理不適程度是高於心理不適反應，但兩者皆屬中低程度的壓力反應。
受試者這兩個月來的物質濫用行為改變情形，近四成的飲酒者表示有較少的飲酒次數及飲酒量，而近五成的吸菸者、飲茶者及檳榔嚼食者表示，這兩個月來的嚼飲行為量或次數是沒有改變的，而咖啡飲用者則有近四成的人表示，這兩個月來有較多的咖啡飲用次數與量。
此外，已婚受試者的生理不適反應較未婚受試者高，然其他的生、心理反應皆不會因社會人口學變項不同而有所差異。
三、 工作壓力知覺與工作壓力反應之相關
當受試者的工作壓力知覺程度愈高，則其生理、心理的不適反應現象也會愈高，然而這兩個月來的物質濫用行為改變情形並不顯著。
四、 人格特質與工作壓力知覺之相關
愈具A型人格特質的受試者，其工作壓力知覺程度會愈高，但內外控人格特質與工作壓力知覺則無顯著相關。
五、 人格特質與工作壓力反應之相關
（一）A/B型人格特質與工作壓力反應
愈具A型人格特質者，其生理、心理的不適反應現象愈高，且其這兩個月來「每次飲茶量」的增加情形是較以往明顯。
（二）內外控人格特質與工作壓力反應之相關
愈具外控人格特質者，其生理、心理的不適反應現象愈高，且其這兩個月來「飲酒次數」、「每次飲酒量」及「每次咖啡飲用量」的增加情形是較以往明顯。
六、 人格特質、工作壓力知覺及工作壓力反應之關係
A/B型人格特質與工作壓力知覺皆是影響生理與心理不適反應的重要因素，A/B型人格特質同時也是影響受試者這兩個月來「每次飲茶量」此種行為改變的重要因子。

The purposes of this study are to explore the correlation between employees' personality, perception of occupational stresses and occupational strains.
The data was collected through structural questionnaires. 321cases were recruited from four sugar-producing factories of Taiwan Sugar Company, 88% of employees participated in this survey. Descriptive statistics , t-test , one-way ANOVA , Pearson Correlation , Spearman Correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the data.
The main findings are as follows :
1． Occupational stress perception
Employees perceived higher occupational stresses. The highest is 「career goal perception」and the following stress perceptions are「organizational structure and climate」、「physical working environment」、「home / work interface」、「interpersonal relationships」and「work content」.
2． Occupational strain ( includes physiological , psychological strain and behavioral change of substance abuse )
Employees had less occupational strains including physiological strains and psychological strains .
Regarding behavioral changes of substance abuse in two month follow-up, around 40% of drinkers had less drinking frequency and quantity than baseline results, around 50% of smoker, tea-drinkers, betel nut chewers kept the same quantity of cigarette smoking, tea consumption, and betel nut chewing. Besides, around 40% of coffee-drinkers drank more coffee.
3．The correlation between occupational stress perception and occupational strain
The more occupational stress employees perceived, the more physiological and psychological strains they had. This result did not apply to the behavioral changes.
4．The correlation between personality and occupational stress perception
Employees with more Type A personality trait perceived more occupational stress but there was no correlation between locus of control personality trait and occupational stress perceptions.
5．The correlation between personality and occupational strain
(1) Employees with more Type A personality trait had more physiological and psychological strains and more positive behavioral changes on tea-drinking quantity.
(2) Employees with more external personality trait had more physiological and psychological strains and more behavioral changes, such as increasing alcohol use frequency and quantity and decreasing coffee quantity.
6．The correlation between personality, occupational stress perception and occupational strains
Both personality trait and occupational stress perception are the important factors affecting employees' physiological and psychological strain. The type A/B personality trait also can directly affect the behavioral change on tea-drinking q

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第一屆嚼食檳榔對健康影響國際研討會。（1993年）

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