研究生: |
沈靜濤 Ching-Tao Shen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
教師專業發展評鑑與專業學習社群之個案研究 A case study of Teacher evaluation for professional development and professional learning communities |
指導教授: | 潘慧玲 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育學系 Department of Education |
論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
論文頁數: | 166 |
中文關鍵詞: | 教師評鑑 、教師專業發展 、教師專業發展評鑑 、專業學習社群 |
英文關鍵詞: | teacher evaluation, teacher professional development, teacher evalua tion for professional development, professional learning community |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:288 下載:90 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究係以一所推動「試辦教師專業發展評鑑」的國中為個案,以各領域所形成的專業學習社群為焦點,瞭解該校推動「試辦教師專業發展評鑑」的方式,並透過Huffman引用Fullan的學校革新階段理論為基礎,分析該校各領域教師因教師專業發展評鑑而形成的專業學習社群之演進歷程與特性,以探討教師專業發展評鑑推動歷程中專業學習社群之發展。
本研究採用文件分析、現場觀察與訪談,並將所蒐集的資料進行相互檢證,以形成研究的發現與結果,依據研究目的與問題獲致研究之結論如下:
一、 依循政策指引與掌握學校既有的條件與參與經驗,是太陽國中試辦教師專業發展評鑑的背景與推動方式。
二、 領域本位的規劃與實施,是太陽國中形成教師專業發展評鑑目標、修訂評鑑規準與運用評鑑結果的方式。
三、 太陽國中的專業學習社群歷經了初始階段的「對話」與「分享」,以及執行階段的「行動」與「實踐」。
四、 「領導作為」、「社群願景」以及「團隊合作方式」為太陽國中專業學習社群演進歷程所呈現的共同特性。
(一) 支持與分享的領導作為,是學校中專業學習社群各演進階段的特性。
(二) 社群願景的形塑,是專業學習社群執行階段的特性,而團隊合作方式則是貫串各演進階段的特性。
基於上述結論,本研究對學校行政單位、國民小學教師及後續研究提出下列建議:
一、對學校行政單位的建議
(一)展現學校領導者專業領導的能力,以深厚學校的專業學習社群。
(二)擴大教師參與學校事務的機會,以增進教師對評鑑活動的認同。
二、對學校教師參與試辦的建議
(一)接納教師專業發展評鑑,促進教師專業學習社群的發展。
(二)善用專業學習社群的影響力,有助於學校推動教師專業發展評鑑。
三、對後續研究的建議
(一)針對學校中的專業學習社群進行實徵性的研究。
(二)進一步研究教師專業發展評鑑擴大推動對學校專業學習社群之影響。
The purpose of this study is to understand the promotion of the trial teacher evaluation for professional development through investigating the professional learn ing communities of each learning area in a secondary school. Furthermore, based on Fullan’s stage theory of school change which is cited by Huffman, this study analyzes the process and the characteristic of professional learning communities in each learn ing area of this case school to explore the growth of professional learning communities in the progress of teacher evaluation for professional development.
Research methods of documentary analysis, observation and interview are adopt ed in this study, and besides, the findings and results are revealed from the examin ation and cross-analysis among the collected data. The conclusions of this study are as the following:
a.The context and the trial way to put teacher evaluation for professional development into practice to follow the policy directions and grasp the conditions and given experiences of the Solar Junior High School
b.The planning and implementation of the area-based is the way of forming the evaluation objective of teacher professional development, revising the evaluation regulation and applying evaluation results in the Solar Junior High School.
c.The professional learning community of Solar Junior High School has gone through the "Dialogue" and "Sharing" in the initial phase, as well as the "Action" and "Practice" in the implementation phase.
d.The leadership style, community vision and team cooperation are the supporting conditions and feasibility characteristic of professional learning communities.
(a)The supportive and sharing leadership styles are the supporting conditions of professional learning communities.
(b)The shape of the community vision is the feasibility characteristic of the professional learning communities, while team cooperation serves as the core characteristic factor for the overall progress of professional learning communities.
Based on the conclusions above, the suggestions of this study for the education administration authorities, school administration, primary school teachers and future researches are proposed as below:
a.The suggestions on school administration
(a)Develop the professional leaderships of the leaders to strengthen school’s profess ional learning communities.
(b)Offer more opportunities for teachers to participate in school affairs to improve th eir identification of evaluations.
b.The suggestions on school teachers participate in teacher evaluation for professional devel opment.
(a)Accept teacher evaluation for professional development to deepen teachers’ profes sional learning communities.
(b)Take advantage of the influences of professional learning communities to promote teacher evaluation for professional development
c.The suggestions on future researches
(a)Engage in empirical studies focused on professional learning communities in scho ols.
(b)Make the further investigations into the influences on schools’ professional learnin g communities while promoting teacher evaluation for professional development formally.
中文部分
王文科(1995)。教育研究法。臺北市:五南。
王玉敏(2001)。學校本位教師專業成長個案研究─以臺中市一所國民小學教師週三進修為例。國立臺中師範學院國民教育研究所學校行政碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
王麗雲、潘慧玲(2002)。種子與土壤:校長與教師在學校革新中的角色與作法。載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新:理念與實踐(頁101-137)。臺北市:學富。
朱慶璋(2003)。國民中學教師對教師評鑑知覺之研究。彰化師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化市。
行政院教育改革審議委員會(1995)。教育改革諮議報告書第一期。臺北市:作者。
余榮仁(2000)。學校本位教師評鑑制度之研究-評鑑者與被評鑑者間之反省性合作行動探究。國立臺南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺南市。
何福田、羅瑞玉(1992)。教育改革與教師專業化。載於中華民國師範教育學會(主編),教育專業。臺北市:師大書苑。
何縕琪(1999)。國小教師主題統整教學歷程之分析暨合作省思專業成長模式之建構。國立臺灣師範大學教育與心理輔導研究所博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
吳青樺(2003)。案例教學法在教師專業成長網路學習社群之發展。淡江大學教育科技學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北縣。
吳建華(2002)。國民小學推動組織學習之個案研究:以九年一貫課程實施為例。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
吳建華、謝發昱、黃俊峰、陳銘凱(2003)。個案研究。載於潘慧玲(主編),教育研究的取徑─概念與應用(頁199-236)。臺北市:高等教育。
吳清山、張素偵(2002)。教師評鑑:理念、挑戰與策略。載於中華民國師範教育學會(主編),師資培育的政策與檢討(177-192)。台北市:學富文化。
呂木琳、張德銳(合譯)(1992)。B. M. Harris, 與 J. Hill原著。教師發展評鑑系統(Teacher’s development system)。新竹市:國立新竹師範學院。
呂正雄、王立行(1994)。教育革新:改善國民小學教育之方案研究。臺北市:五南。
呂淑屏(2002)。國民小學運用知識管理推動教學創新之行動研究。國立中山大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
李子建(2006)。前言:教師領導、專業學習社群和夥伴協作。基礎教育學報,15(2),39-43。
李佩玲(2002)。教師分級制對教師專業發展的影響─專業學習社群教師的觀點。國立花蓮師範學院國民教育研究所,未出版,花蓮市。
李勇諭(2005)。透過網路學習社群提昇一位初任教師的數學教學專業知識之研究。臺北市立師範學院數學資訊教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
周文欽(1997)。教學評量與教學革新。載於高強華(主編),學校教育革新專輯(頁143-161)。臺北市:師大書苑。
周啟葶(2006)。以「學習社群」促進教師專業發展之分析。中等教育,57(5),94-113。
尚榮安(譯)(2006)。R. K. Yin著。個案研究(Case study research: Design and methods )。臺北市:弘智。
林天祐(主編)(2003)。教育行政學。臺北市:心理。
林江河(2002)。高雄市國中教師對教師專業評鑑相關議題之調查研究。國立中山大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
林劭仁(2006)。專業學習社群運用於師資培育自我評鑑之探究。中正教育研究,5(2),79-111。
林佩璇(2000)。個案研究及其在教育研究上的應用。載於中正大學教育學研究所(主編),質的研究方法(頁239-262)。高雄:麗文。
林佩璇(2007)。教育領導與教學革新:建構實踐反省的教學文化。教育研究月刊,153,18-30,。
林思伶、蔡進雄(2005)。論凝聚教師學習社群的有效途徑。教育研究月刊,132 ,99-109。
林雪美(2006)。屏東縣國中教師對教師評鑑態度之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄縣。
林榮彩(2002)。高雄市國小教師專業評鑑實施意見之研究。國立臺南師範學院在職進修學校行政碩士學位論文,未出版,臺南市。
邱錦昌(2001)。教育視導與學校效能。台北市:元照。
邱瓊慧、王振川、張騰元、陳煥彬(1998,3月)。建構式電腦輔助學習系統之設計。載於國立高雄師範大學主辦之「第七屆國際電腦輔助教學研討會」(頁45-50),高雄縣。
柳雅梅(譯)(2006)。Sylvia M. Roberts & Eunice Z. Pruitt著。學校是專業的學習社群─專業發展的合作活動與策略(School as Professional Learning Communities: Callaborative Activities and Strategies for Professional Development)。臺北市:心理。
洪劭品(2006)。臺北市縣國民小學教師對教育部試辦教師專業發展評鑑意見之研究。國立新竹教育大學教育學系碩士班,未出版,新竹市。
范信賢、陳思玎(2007)。同事情誼與使能社群:以「能量」為隱喻的敘事探究。教育研究月刊,155,129-141,。
唐宣蔚、張基成(2001)。知識分散式網路學習社群評鑑與效果分析之研究。隔空教育論叢,13,79-112。
孫志麟(2008)。學校本位教師評鑑的實踐與反思。教育實踐與研究,21(2), 63-94。
孫國華(1997)。國民中學教師生涯專業發展及其影響因素之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系博士論文,未出版,高雄市。
涂保民(2004)。從學習理論的觀點看資訊科技對組織學習與學習型組織的影響。康寧學報,5,39-62。
秦夢群(2004)。教育概論。臺北市:高等教育。
高強華(1995)。論提升教師專業成長的教師評鑑:教育評鑑。臺北市:師大書苑。
高強華(1997)。學校教育革新專輯。臺北市:師大書苑。
高博銓(2008)。學校學習社群的發展與挑戰。中等教育,59(4),8-20。
張美玉(2000)。國民小學教師專業發展之研究:在職進修教育的經驗與反省。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
張振彰(2006)。臺北市國民中學體育教師專業發展需求之研究。臺北市立體育學院運動科學研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
張素貞、林和春(2006)。面對教師專業發展評鑑試辦計畫:提升中小學教師參與誘因之研究。中等教育,57(5),36--57。
張基成(1998)。教事專業成長網路學習社群之規劃及其預期效益與挑戰。教學技與媒體,40,31-42。
張基成(2003)。網路學習社群之經營與管理。T&D飛訊論文集粹,2,523-536。
張淑芬(2007)。教師專業發展評鑑運作與影響之研究-以歡樂國小為例。玄奘大學教育人力資源與發展學系碩士論文,未出版,新竹市。
張嘉麟(2008)。ㄧ所富涵學習社群特性的學校─臺北市立芳和國中。中等教育,59(4),112-119。
張德銳(2004)。我國中小學教師評鑑的規劃與推動策略。教師績效評鑑。現代教育論壇,台北市立師範學院。
張德銳(2004)。我國中小學教師評鑑的規劃與推動策略。現代教育論壇,10,216-231。
張寶丹(2004)。國小教師專業發展與形象知覺之研究─以高雄縣為例。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
教育部(2002)。「公立高級中等以下學校教師考核、專業評鑑與績效獎金制度改進方向」工作小組會議紀錄。臺北市:作者。
教育部(2006)。教育部補助試辦教師專業發展評鑑實施計畫。臺北市:作者。
教育部(2007)。教育部補助試辦教師專業發展評鑑實施計畫(修正版)。臺北市:作者。
畢恆達(1996)。詮釋學與質性研究。在胡幼慧編著,質性研究:理論、方法與本土女性研究實例(頁27-46)。臺北市:巨流。
許德便(2003)。南部國中教師對教師評鑑制度態度之研究。國立臺南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺南市。
陳協志(2006)。互動學習社群網站之使用對學習績效影響研究。國立中山大學傳播管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
陳建順(2005)。「專業學習社群計劃」。2008年10月10日,取自 http://ihouse.hkedcity.net/~iw1160/ws_050616_pro_learning_comm.htm
陳思玎(2008)。從錯縱複雜的教學世界到集體前行的學習社群。中等教育,59(4),102-111。
陳美玉(1999)。教師專業學習與發展。臺北市:師大書苑。
陳美玉(2002)。教師個人知識管理與專業發展。臺北市:學富文化。
陳美玉(2005)。師資生個人知識管理及其對專業學習與發展影響之研究。師大學報:教育類,50(2),181-202。
陳雅智(1997)。國中理化教師的行動研究:專業改變與學習社群。國立高雄師範大學科學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
陳慶安(2000)。高職工業類科學校組織學習能力與學校效能關係之研究。國立彰化師範大學工業教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化市。
陶瀅如(2006)。國小實習教師教育實習部落格的自我呈現、學習社群文化及其影響之研究。國立中山大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
陳麗惠(2006)。學習社群應用於國小教學之行動研究。國立臺北教育大學課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃玉辛、蔡培村、張慶勳(2007)。國民小學校務評鑑歷程中之組織文化現象。教育行政與評鑑學刊,3,45-66。
黃玉英(2000)。實習教師網路學習與專業成長之研究- LISREL應用。國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃怡絜(2006)。高雄市國民小學教師之教師專業發展評鑑知覺與教師文化之研究。國立臺灣科技大學技術及職業教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃政傑(2004)。建立教師專業評鑑制度。師友月刊,447,12-16。
黃婉婷、周柏廷(2004)。學校本位課程實踐與教師專業發展探討。載於中華民國師範教育學會(主編),教師的教育信念與專業標準(頁115-139)。臺北市:心理。
黃淑苓(2001)。課程改革脈絡下的課程領導:以兩位國中教務行政人員為例。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
馮莉雅(2004)。美國麻州教師評鑑制度對我國的啟示。教育資料與研究,56,67-73。
黃榮雄(1999)。班級經營知能建構之網路社群。國立臺灣師範大學資訊與教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃慧英(2006)。偏遠地區國中教師參與網路學習社群與教師專業發展之相關研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
黃慧英(2006)。偏遠地區國中教師參與網路學習社群與教師專業發展之相關研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
黃麗美(2008)。一所國民中學教學評鑑方案實踐之個案研究--解凍、移動、再結凍的組織變革觀點。教育行政與評鑑學刊,5,29-54。
楊志雄(2008)。特教老師,你可以更專業:看特教教師專業發展的問題與策略。中等教育,59(4),78-91。
楊秋蘭(2003)。學校本位進修與教師專業發展:行動研究的嘗試和反省。屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
溫麗琪、賴美嬌(2003)。學習社群之定義、特性及其應用。華麗社會人文學報,8,29-36。
葉麗錦(2002)。高雄市國小教師專業評鑑實施現況與教師專業成長關係之研究。國立屏東教育大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
趙金婷(2000)。學習社群理念在教學上的應用。教育資料與研究,35,60-64。
劉文輝(2001)。高職教師對教師評鑑態度調查之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄縣。
劉莉君(2003)。高職農校教師運用網路學習社群進行專業發展的參與動機之研究。國立中興大學農業推廣教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
劉鎮寧(2003)。國民中小學學習型學校指標建構之研究。國立中正大學成人及繼續教育研究所博士論文,未出版,嘉義縣。
歐志昌(2003)。網路學習社群對數學教師專業能力提升之研究。國立高雄師範大學科學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
潘建光(2001)。促進教師互動與學習社群網站之建構─以國民中學公民與道德科為例。大葉大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化縣。
潘慧玲(2002a)。緒論:學校革新的脈動。載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新:理念與實踐(頁1-47)。臺北市:學富。
潘慧玲(2002b)。反思與展望:我們從學校革新中學到了什麼?載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新:理念與實踐(頁443-473)。臺北市:學富。
潘慧玲(2003)。社會科學研究典範的流變。教育研究資訊,11(1),115-143。
潘慧玲(2005)。教育評鑑的回顧與展望。臺北市:心理。
潘慧玲(2006)。以評鑑促進學校之革新。載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新:理念與實踐(頁337-349)。臺北市:學富。
潘慧玲(主編)(2002)。學校革新:理念與實踐。臺北市:學富。
潘慧玲、王麗雲、張素貞、鄭淑惠、林純雯(2007)。試辦中小學教師專業發展評鑑之方案評鑑。教育部委託專案報告。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育政策與行政研究所。
潘慧玲、王麗雲、張素貞、鄭淑惠、林純雯(2008)。試辦中小學教師專業發展評鑑之後設評鑑規劃研究。教育部委託專案報告。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育政策與行政研究所。
蔡進雄(2003)。學校領導的新思維:建立教師學習社群。技術及職業教育,78,42-46。
蔡進雄(2006)。從學習社群的觀點論校長專業發展。研習資訊,23(4),129-135,。
蕭英勵(2002)。學習社群對於推動九年一貫課程的省思。中等教育,53(5),100-111。
謝文全(2002)。學校行政。臺北市:五南。
簡梅瑩(2008)。促進反思教學發展與實施之行動研究。中等教育,1(59),22-35。
顏國樑(2003)。從教師專業發展導向論實施教師評鑑的策略。教育資料集刊,28,259-286。
羅春文(2006)。苗栗縣國小教師對教師專業發展評鑑之意見調查研究。玄奘大學教育人力資源與發展學系碩士論文,未出版,新竹縣。
羅珮瑜(2007)。臺北市縣國民中學教師專業發展評鑑之個案研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系在職進修碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
蘇益生(2004)。高雄市國小教師e-learning教學信念與教學效能關係之研究。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
蘇順發(2002)。教學革新的理念與實踐:以國中英語教學為例。載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新:理念與實踐(頁201-250)。臺北市:學富。
蘇順發(2002)。教學革新的經驗與反思--以國中英語教學為例。國立政治大學學報,84,49-93。
饒邦安(2005)。影響我國中小學教師評鑑制度實施的相關因素與推動策略。國立編譯館館刊,33(2),16-29。
饒見維(2003)。教師專業發展:理論與實務。臺北市:五南。
西文部分
Ackerman, D. (2008). Continuity of Care, Professional Community, and the Policy Context: Potential Benefits for Infant and Toddler Teachers' Professional Development. Early Education & Development, 19(5), 753-772.
Adamson, P., Adamson, B., Clausen-Grace, N., Eames, A., Einarson, C. & Goff, J. (2008). Leading Professional Learning Communities: Voices from Research and Practice. School Library Journal, 54, 78-78.
Ancess, J. (2000). The reciprocal influence of teacher learning, teaching practice, school restructuring, and student learning outcomes. Teacher College Record, 102(3), 590-619.
Astuto, T. A., Clark, D. L., Read, M., McGree, K. & Fernandez, L. (1993). Challenges to dominant assumptions controlling educational reform. Andover, MA: Regional Laboratory for the Educational Improvement of the Northeast and Islands.
Avila, L.,Van Tassell, F., Dixon, M. & Tipps, S. (1995). Texas adopts new standards for educator preparation. Educational Leadership, 52(6), 68-71.
Barth, R. S. (1990). Improving schools from within. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bielaczyc, K. & Collins, A. (1997). Learning communities in classrooms: A reconceptualization of educational practice. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models (Volume II) (pp. 269-292). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Birchak, B., Connor, C., Crawford, K., Kahn, L., Kaser, S., Turner, S., & Short, K. (1998). Teacher study groups: Building community through dialogue and reflection. Urban, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
Borich, G. D. (2003). Effective Teaching Methods. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Borko, H. (2004). Professional development and teacher learning: Mapping the terrain. Educational Researcher, 11(33), 3-15.
Boyer, E. L. (1995). The basic school: A community for learning. Princeton, NJ: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Brandt, R. (1992). On building learning communities: A conversation with Hank Levin. Educational Leadership, 50(1), 19-23.
Brown, A. L., & Campione, J. C. (1994). Guided discovery in a community of learners. In K. McGilly (Ed.), Classroom lessons: Integrating cognitive theory and classroom practice (pp. 229-270). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Buck, J. (2008). Leading Professional Learning Communities: Voices From Research and Practice. School Administrator, 65(11), 48-48. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bull, B., & Buechler, M. (1996). Learning together: Professional development for better schools. Bloomington, IN: Indiana Education Policy Center for the Indiana Department of Education.
Bullock, A. A., & Hawk, P. P. (2001). Developing a teaching portfolio: A guide for pre-service and practicing teacher. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Carr, J. S., & Harris, D. E. (2001). Succeeding with standards: Linking curriculum, assessment, and action planning. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Collay, M., Dunlap, D., Enloe, W., & Gagnon, G. W. (1998). Learning circles. Thousa nd Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Conley, D., Dunlap, D., & Goldman, P. (1992). The vision thing and school restructuring. OSSC Report 32(2), 1-8. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED 343 246).
Conley, R. E. (2006). Teacher Migration From High-Performing Middle School: A Case Study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, North Carolina State University.
Covey, S. R. (1996). Three roles of the leader in the new paradigm. In Hesselbein, F., Goldsmith, M., & Beckhard, R. (Eds.), The leader of the future (149-159). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Darling-Hammond, L. & McLaughlin, M.W.(1995). Policies that support professional development in an era of reform. Phi Delta Kappan, 76(8), 597-604.
Darling-Hammond, L. (1993). Reframing the school reform agenda. Phi Delta Kappan, 74(10), 752-761.
Darling-Hammond, L. (1994). The current status of teaching and teacher developm ent in the United States. New York:Teachers College, Columbia University.
Dehli, K. & Fumia, D. (2002). Teacher’s Informal Learning, Identity and Contempor ary Education Reform. Nall working paper, 54, 1-31.
Deutsch, M. (1973). The resolution of conflict: Constructive and destructive process. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Doolittle, G., Sudeck, M., & Rattigan, P. (2008). Creating Professional Learning Communities: The Work of Professional Development Schools. Theory into Practice, 47(4), 303-310.
DuFour, R. & Eaker, R.(1998). Professional learning communities at work: Best practice for enhancing student achievement. Reston, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
DuFour, R., & Eaker, R. (1998). Professsional Learning Communities at Work─Best Practices for Enhancing Student Achievement. Bloomington, IN: SolutionTree (formerly National Educational Service).
Fullan, M. G. (1991). The new meaning of educational change. New York: Teachers College Press.
Fullan, M. G. (1993). Change forces: Probing the depths of educational reform. London: Falmer Press.
Fullan, M. G. (2001). The New Meaning of Educational Change. (3rd ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
Graham, P. (2007). Improving Teacher Effectiveness through Structured Collaboration: A Case Study of a Professional Learning Community. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ801113)
Guralnik, D. B. (1985). Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Guskey, T. R. (2000). Evaluating Professional Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Guskey, T. R. (2002). Professional development and teacher change. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 8(3/4), 381-391.
Guskey, T. R., & Huberman, M. (Eds.)(1995). Professional Development in Education: New Paradigms and Practices. New York: Teachers College Press.
Guskey,T.R. (1986, May). Staff development and the process of teacher change. Educational Researcher, 15(5), 5-12.
Hall, G.E. & Hord, S.M. (1987). Change in schools: Facilitating the process. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Hallinger, P. & Heck, R. (1996). Reassessing the principal’s role in school effective ness: A review of empirical research, 1980-1995. Educational Administration Quarterly, 32(1), 5-44.
Hargreaves, A. & Fullan, M. G. (1996). Understading teacher development. New York: Teachers College Press.
Harris, A. (2002). School Improvement: What’s in it for schools?Routledge:London.
Henderson, J. (2008). Professional Learning Communities: School Leaders' Perspectives. Education Update, 50(8), 2-7.
Henderson, M. (2007). Sustaining Online Teacher Professional Development through Community. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ801104)
Henry, G. T. & Mark, M. M.(2003). Beyond use: Understanding evaluation’s influence on attitudes and actions. American Journal of Evaluation, 23(3), 293-314.
Hoerr, T. R. (1996). Collegiality: A new way to define instructional leadership. Phi Delta Kappan, 77(5), 380-381.
Holly, M. L. H. & Walley, C. (1989). Teachers as professionals. In Holly & Mclough lin(Eds.), Perspectives on the Teacher Professional Development. New York: The Falmer Press.
Hopkins, D. (1989). Evaluation for school development. Philadelphia: Open Universit
Hord, M. S. (1997). Professional Learning Communities: Communities of Continuous Inquiry and Improvement. Southwest Educational Development Laboratory.
Huffman, J. B. (2001). The role of shared values and vision in creating professional learning communites. Paper presented to the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, April.
Huffman, J. B. (2009). Sustaining Professional Learning Communities: Case Studies. Journal of Educational Change, 9(2), 173-195.
Huffman, J. B., & Hipp, K. K. (2003). Reculturing schools as professional learning communities. Oxford: ScarecrowEducation.
Huysman, M.(2000). An organizational learning approach to the learning organization. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(2), 133-145.
Irby, B. J., & Brown, G. (2000). The career advancement portfolios. Thousa nd Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Johnson, D., & Johnson, F. (2008). Joining together: Group theory and group skills (10th ed.). Boston: Alley and Bacon.
Johnson, R. S., Mims, J. S., & Doyle-Nichols, A. (2006). Developing portfolios in education: A guide to reflection, inquiry, and assessment. Thoudand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Joyce, B., & Showers, B. (1995). Student achievement through staff development: Fundamentals of school renewal (2nd ed.). White Plains, NY: Longman.
Kaplan, J. (2008). The National Writing Project: Creating a Professional Learning Community That Supports the Teaching of Writing. Theory into Practice, 47(4), 336-344.
Katzenbach, J. R. & Smith, D. K. (1993). The wisdom of teams: Creating the high performance organization. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Kise, J. A. (2006). Differentiated coaching: A framework for helping teachers change. Thoudand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Kleine-Kracht, P.A. (1993). The principal in a community of learning. Journal of School Leadership, 3(4), 391-399.
Krovetz, M. L. & Arriaza, G. (2006). Collaborative teacher leadership: How teachers can foster equitable schools. Thoudand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Kruse, S. D., Louis, K. S. & Bryk, A. (1995). An emerging framework for analyzing school-based professional community. In Louis, K. S. & Bryk, A. (Eds.), In Professionalism and community: Perspectives on Reforming Urban Schools (pp. 23-42). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Lambert, L. (1998). Building Leadership Capacity in Schools. Alexandria, VA: Associ ation for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Lashway, L. (1997). Leading with vision. Eugene, OR: ERIC Clearinghouse on Educa tional Management.
Lewis, A. (1997). A new consensus emerges on the characteristics of good professional development. The Harvard Letter, 13(3), 3.
Lincoln, Y. S. & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Halls, CA: Sage.
Louis, K. S., Kruse, S., & Raywid, M. A. (1996). Putting teachers at the center of reform: Learning schools and professional communities. National Association of Secondary School Principals, 80(580), 9-21.
Louis, K.S. & Kruse, S.D. (1995). Professionalism and community: Perspectives on reforming urban schools. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Louise, K. S., & Karen, S. L. (2007). Professional learning communities divergence, depth and dilemmas. England: Open University Press.
MacMullen, M. M. (1996). Taking stock of a school reform effort: A research collection and analysis, Occasional Paper Series #2. Providence, RI: Annenberg Institute for School Reform, Brown University.
Martin-Kniep, G. O. (1999). Capturing the wisdom of practice. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Melville, W. & Wallace, J. (2007). Workplace as Community: Perspectives on Science Teachers' Professional Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ782862)
Merriam, S. B. (1988). Case study research in education. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: A sourcebook of new methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Morse, R. S. (2004). Community Learning: Process, Structure, and Renewal. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Moss, G., Springer, T., & Dehr, K. (2008). Guided reflection protocol as narrative inquiry and teacher professional development. Reflective Practice, 9(4), 497-508.
Moss, J. (2008). Leading professional learning in an Australian secondary school through school-university partnerships. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 36(4), 345-357.
Murphy, C., & Lick, D. (2001). Whole faculty study groups: Creating student based staff development (2nd ed. ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Myers, C. B. & Simpson, D. J. (1998). Re-creating schools: Places where everyone learns and likes it . Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
NCEA Joins ACT, Inc. (2007). What we did on summer vacation. Retrieved May 19, 2007, from http: www.just4kids.org/en/press_room/news.cfm.
Owens, R. G. (1987). Organizational behavior in education(3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall.
Owens, R. G. (2001). Organizational behavior in education: Instructional leadership and school reform(7th ed. ). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Patton, M. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods(3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Patton, M. Q. (1997a). Utilization-focused evaluation: The new century text (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Patton, M. Q. (1997b). Toward distinguishing empowerment evaluation and placing it in a larger context. Evaluation Practice, 18(2), 147-163.
Patton, M.Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Peterson, K. D. & Deal, T. E. (1998). How leaders influence the culture of schools. Educational Leadership, 56(1), 28-30.
Plunket, W. R. (1996). Supervision: Diversity and teams in the workplace (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Quinney, A., Hutchings, M., & Scammell, J. (2008). Student and Staff Experiences of Using a Virtual Community, Wessex Bay, to Support Interprofessional Learning: Messages for Collaborative Practice. Social Work Education, 27(6), 658-664.
Revan, R. W. (1980). Action learning: New techniques for managers. London: Blond and Briggsy Press.
Roberts, S. M. & Pruitt, E. Z. (2003). Schools as professional learning communities: collaborative activities and strategies for professional development. Thoudand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Šadbaraitė, Z. (2004). Special educator's professional motivation factors. Unpublished masters dissertation, Šiauliai University.
Sanders, J. R. (2002). Presidential address: On mainstreaming evaluation. American Journal of Evaluation, 23 (3), 1-19.
Sarason, S.B. (1996). Revisiting “The culture of school and the problem of change”. New York: Teachers College Press.
Schmuck, R. A., & Runkel, P. J. (1994). The handbook of organization development in schools and colleges (4th ed. ). Prospect Height, IL: Waveland.
Schon, D. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books.
Schon, D. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner: Toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organiza tion. New York: Doubleday.
Senge, P., Cambron-McCabe, N., Lucas, T., Smith, B., Dutton, J., & Kleiner, A. (2000). Schools that learn: A fifth discipline fieldbook for educators, parents, and everyone who cares about education. New York: Doubleday.
Sergiovanni, T.J. (2000). The Lifeworld of Leadership: Creating Culture, Community, and Personal Meaning in Our Schools. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Slivan, E. (1986). Motivation in social constructivist theory. Educational Psychologist, 21(3), 209-233.
Solimeno, A., Mebane, M., Tomai, M., & Francescato, D. (2008). The influence of students and teachers characteristics on the efficacy of face-to-face and computer supported collaborative learning. Computers & Education, 51(1), 109-128.
Spark, D. & Hirsh, S. (1997). A new vision for staff development. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Speck, M. (1999). The principalship: Building a learning community. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research. CA: Sage.
Stake, R. E. (1998). Case studies. In N. Dezin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Strategies of qualitative inquiry (pp. 86-109). CA: Sage.
Stenhouse, L. (1975). An introduction to curriculum research and development. London: Heinemann.
Stufflebeam, D. L.(1971). Educational evaluation and decision making. Indiana: Phi Delta Kappa.
Sylvia M. Roberts & Eunice Z. Pruitt. (2003). School as Professional Learning Community: Callaborative Activities and Strategies for Professional Developme
Tamara, N., David, S., Mart, P. & Tom, H (2008). A Culture of Collaborative Inquiry: Learning to Develop and Support Professional Learning Communities. Teachers College Record, 110(6), 1269-1303. Teachers College Press.
Tenbrink, T. D. (1974). Evaluation: A Practical guide for teacher. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
Vesay, J. (2008, October). Professional Development Opportunities for Early Childhood Educators in Community-Based Child Care Centers. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 29(4), 287-296.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1981). The development of higher forms of attention in childhood. In J. V. Wertsch (Ed.), The concept of activity in Soviet psychology. Armonk, N.Y.: Sharpe.
Wahlstrom, K. L., Louis, K. S. (2008). How Teachers Experience Principal Leadership: The Roles of Professional Community, Trust, Efficacy, and Shared Responsibility. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. EJ809575)
Wahlstrom, K., & Louis, K. (2008). How Teachers Experience Principal Leadership: The Roles of Professional Community, Trust, Efficacy, and Shared Responsibility. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(4), 458-495.
Wallace, R. C., Engel, D. E., & Mooney, J. E. (1997). The learning school, a guide to vision-based leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Wetheril, K., Burton, G., Calhoun, D & Thomas, C. C.(2001). Redifining professional career development in the twenty-first century: Asystematic approach. High School Journal, 85(2), 54-66.
Wightman, S. E. (N/D). Building Community, Making It Visible: Kindergarten Constructions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University.
Williams, L., Atkinson, L., Cate, J., & O'Hair, M. (2008). Mutual Support Between Learning Community Development and Technology Integration: Impact on School Practices and Student Achievement. Theory into Practice, 47(4), 294-302.
Wimmer, R. D. & Dominick, J. R. (1997). Mess media research: An introduction (5th ed.). CA: Wadsworth.
Wise, A. E., Darling-Hammond, L., Mclaughling, M. W., & Berstein, H. T. (1984). Teacher evaluation: A case study effective practices. Santa Monica, CA: Rand.
Worthern, B. R. & Sander, J. R. (1987). Educational evaluation: Alternative Approaches and Practical Guildlines. New York: London.
Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Yin, R. K. (2001). Case study research: Design and method.(4th Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
York-Barr, J., Sommers, W. A., Ghere, G. S., & Montie, J. (2001). Reflective practice to improve school: An action guide for educators. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.