摘 要
本研究以葉綠體DNA trnT-trnL及trnD-trnT基因區間片段的序列分析台灣包籜矢竹(Pseudosasa usawai (Hayata) Makino & Nemoto)族群之遺傳結構及親緣地理關係，得到結果如下：(1)trnD-trnT基因區間片段累積的遺傳變異度較低(π=0.00019)，trnT-trnL基因區間片段呈現較高的變異（π=0.00366～0.12619）。(2)除竹子山與大屯山亞族群外，其餘(亞)族群之間少有基因流傳(Nm=0.4088)。與同功異構酶資料比對後，發現包籜矢竹族群間由種子達成的基因交流比例有限。(3)分布於陽明山、樹梅坪及瑞濱三地族群過去曾經相連，後因冰河後退，植被帶上移，形成現今隔離之分布，中湖、小油坑、樹梅坪及瑞濱等地之個體即由冰河期留存於樹梅坪的族群擴張而來。

ABSTRACT
To investigate the population genetic structure and phylogeography of Pseudosasa usawai (Hayata) Makino & Nemoto in Taiwan, the intergenic spacers of chloroplast DNA (trnT-trnL and trnD-trnT) were sequenced. The results showed that, first of all, the trnD-trnT spacer examined accumulated little genetic variation (π=0.00019); whereas high genetic variation was detected in the trnT-trnL noncoding region（π=0.00366～0.12619）. Secondly, seed dispersal has little to do with the gene flow among the populations and subpopulations studied as shown in their high degree of population differentiation. And, thirdly, the phylogeographic pattern as shown in the reconstructed network suggested that the present populations of Pseudosasa usawai were expanded from an ancient population at the Shumeiping area during the glacial retreat period and then further migrated uphill as an isolated population as the global climate turned warmer.

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