本研究研製碳六十／大環胺醚塗佈石英晶體尿素壓電晶體感測器（piezoelectric quartz crystal urea sensor）及一微電腦界面以偵測溶液中尿素含量，碳六十／大環胺醚的石英膜表面會因吸附由尿素酵素（Urease）催化尿素陽離子（NH4+），而使負載之重量增加，造成石英晶體振盪頻率隨之遞減。
本研究中，分別探討碳六十／大環胺醚石英壓電晶體酵素生化感測器是否受尿素外有機及無機物干擾，結果顯示各種胺類、醇類、碳酸類、蛋白質類、維生素、葡萄醣類、重金屬類對比碳六十／大環胺醚壓電感測器對尿素偵測之靈敏度並無影響。本研究也做一些效應的研究，例如：pH值效應、溶液效應、濃度效應、酵素注射量的效應、塗佈效應、酵素催化效應及與pH儀錶的比較等等對尿素－酵素壓電感測器之影響，尿素－酵素壓電晶體感測器對酵素具有不錯的靈敏度，而靈敏度為2.35×103Hz/M，且皆具有良好的濃度線性關係及偵測極限。其偵測極限大約為4.75×10-5M。
經由自製微電腦介面中的頻率／電壓（F/V）轉換器，將頻率訊號轉為電壓訊號並以放大器（OPA）放大，再經類比／數位（A/D）介面卡轉換成數位訊號，輸入電腦讀取記錄並繪圖。
本研究亦自行建立固定化酵素系統，從晶片塗佈、實驗槽的設計、震盪線路到訊號的處理及儲存都是自行設計及製作，而關於尿素酵素之固定化，係以PVC為支撐體，合成碳六十尿素酵素（C60-Urease）衍生物並和PVC製成C60-Urease薄膜。在此固定化式酵素系統研究中探討尿素酵素濃度、尿素酵素活性、催化尿水解反應以及干擾物等對此固定化尿素酵素之影響。

A C60/ Cryptand-22 coated piezoelectric quartz crystal membrane with a computer interface was prepared and applied as a piezoelectric urea sensor. The C60/cryptand-22 quartz crystal membrane showed adsorptive ability to adsorb ammonium ion which was the reaction product of the urease catalytic hydrolysis of urea.
The piezoelectric urea sensor exhibited quite good sensitivity and high selectivity for urea and various compounds, e.q., amines, alcohols, carboxylic acids, proteins, vitamines, glucose and metal ions showed almost no interference with the PZ urea sensor. Effects of pH value, solvent, urea concentration, urease injection, coated load and enzyme catalase, on the frequency response of the C60/Cryptand coated piezoelectric detector were also investigated. The piezoelectric urea sensor has exhibited good sensitivity of 2.35×103 Hz/M and good reproducibility for reusage. The detection limits with the piezoelectric urea sensor was about 4.75×10-5M for urea in solutions.
The mass increase of quartz crystal surface membranes caused the decrease in oscillating frequency of quartz. The variations of the crystal frequencies were converted to voltage with a frequency / voltage converter, and followed by amplification with OPA and data acquisition with analog to digital converter. (ADC).
The immobilized urease piezoelectric system was set-up based on a fullerene (C60)-urease /PVC. Urease was immobilized as C60-Urease. Effects of concentration of immobilizated urease, interference of other compounds and activity of immobilizated urease on the frequency response of the piezoelectric urea sensor were also investigated and discussed.