不同的語境文化會導致溝通模式有所不同，日常生活的感謝言語行為也不例外。感謝不僅是表達心意的工具，還是建立良好人際關係的關鍵因素。因此能得體地運用感謝策略也極為重要，尤其是對二語學習者。現今越籍學習者學習華語的需求越來越多，但對比華語與越語的感謝行為研究稀少，難以滿足越籍學習者的需求。
正因如此，本研究參考東西方和越南的禮貌準則，再以李麗娜（2004b）和Do（2019）的研究成果為基礎，整合出兩組母語者常使用的語用策略及其語言形式，同時提供出各種社會變因對兩組母語選用策略的影響。最後以越籍學習者為教學對象，提出具體教案範例。希望能補充華語與越語感謝言語行為語用策略的分析與對比研究成果，作為後續相關研究或教學應用的參考。
本研究結果顯示，感謝言語行為的語用策略可分成兩大類：主體策略和輔助策略。這兩大類中又分成不同策略類型。主體策略部分，兩組母語者皆傾向選用「專門感謝詞語」。輔助策略部分，整體來看，華語語料中出現頻率最高的前三種策略類型依序為拒絕式、承諾式、抒情式和道歉式；越語則是承諾式、拒絕式、抒情式。在與其他策略搭配情況下，兩組母語者使用感謝輔助策略時皆最傾向使用兩種策略結構，其中最常使用的有五種策略組合。各種變因對兩組母語者的影響大多是一致，以「社會地位」因素為例，兩組皆傾向主體策略和各種形式混合使用。
教學應用部分，本研究運用上述的研究結果提出教學建議，設計參考教案，使用「記憶未來」與「行為演練」原則，結合課上的「策略歸類」、「角色扮演」等活動培養越籍學習者在跨文化溝通情況下之語用能力。

Different contextual cultures will lead to different communication patterns, and speech acts of gratitude in daily life are no exception. Gratitude is not only a tool to express your feelings, but also a key factor in building good relationships. Therefore, it is extremely important to use gratitude strategies appropriately, especially for second language learners. Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for Vietnamese learners to learn Chinese, but there are few studies comparing Chinese and Vietnamese gratitude behaviors, making it difficult to meet the needs of Vietnamese learners.
For this reason, this study refers to the politeness norms of the East, West and Vietnam, and based on the research results of Li Lina (2004b) and Do (2019), integrates the pragmatic strategies and language forms commonly used by the two groups of native speakers, and at the same time Provides the influence of various social factors on the mother tongue selection strategies of the two groups. Finally, specific lesson plan examples were proposed with Vietnamese learners as the teaching target. It is hoped that it can supplement the analysis and comparative research results on the pragmatic strategies of thank speech acts in Chinese and Vietnamese, and serve as a reference for subsequent related research or teaching applications.
The results of this study show that the pragmatic strategies of thank speech acts can be divided into two categories: main strategies and auxiliary strategies. These two categories are further divided into different strategy types. In the main strategy part, both groups of native speakers tended to use "special words of thanks". As for the auxiliary strategies, overall, the top three strategy types that appear most frequently in Chinese corpus are rejection, commitment, lyrical and apology; in Vietnamese, they are commitment, rejection and lyrical. When paired with other strategies, both groups of native speakers tend to use two strategy structures when using the gratitude auxiliary strategy, among which five strategy combinations are most commonly used. Most of the influences of various factors on the two groups of native speakers are consistent. Taking the "social status" factor as an example, both groups tend to use the main strategy and a mixture of various forms.
In the teaching application part, this study uses the above research results to put forward teaching suggestions, designs reference lesson plans, uses the principles of "memorizing the future" and "behavioral drills", and combines "strategy classification" and "role play" in class to cultivate Vietnamese learners in Pragmatic competence in cross-cultural communication situations.

中文文獻
王春輝（2008）。漢語回謝語類型與使用的社會語言學考察。語言教學與研究，04，88-95。
王雅萱（2019）。漢英網路評論的讚美行為對比研究（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。
冉永平（2001）。禮貌的語用研究。外國語言文學研究，01（02），15-23。
冉永平（2006）。語用學現象與分析。北京大學出版社。
伍宥蓁（2022）。華語與韓語拒絕策略之對比分析──以職場溝通為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。
曲衛國、陳流芳（2001）。上海話間接感謝言語行為研究。暨南大學華文學院學報，03，66-74 。
何奕娇、 高洋（2010）。中國學習者英語致謝言語行為的語用能力調查研究。外語教學，3，60-63。
李紅蘭（2005）。漢英致謝比較。現代漢語，7，13-14。
李娟（2008）。試論感謝言語行為的生成機制。新鄉學院學報：社會科學版，22（5），107-108。
李麗娜（2004a）。漢語「感謝」言語行為研究。湖北社會科學，09，93-95。
李麗娜（2004b）。漢語感謝言語行為分析及其教學探討（未出版碩士論文）。暨南大學。
周俊藝（2019）。基於英漢致謝語的文化差異研究。蘭州教育學院學報，35（2），128-129。
邵康華（2014）。個人主義和集體主義與儒家思維的比較──「群」與「己」的論述。載於易經學會（主編），易道會通（115-138頁）。中華易學雜誌社。
施慧平（2010）。感謝表達方式的中日對比研究──以電視劇的考察為對象。遼寧師範大學。
孫文操（2016）。跨文化交際中英漢表達感謝的異同。卷宗，04，343-344。
孫寧寧、玄桂芬（2020）。中高級漢語學習者「感謝」言語行為習得研究。現代語文，07，99-106。
徐子亮（1994）。認知與釋詞。華東師範大學學報：哲學社會科學版，3，77-80。
徐梅（2018）。漢語致謝言語行為的教學問題研究（未出版碩士論文）。吉林大學。
高崧（2005）。「道歉」與「感謝」言語行為的中日對照研究（未出版碩士論文）。解放軍外國語學院。
張二霞（2011）。英漢感謝語及回答語的差異。海外英語，07，343-344。
張氏慶茹（2022）。漢越請求電子郵件的語用策略對比與教學應用（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。
張玲瑛（2021）。現代漢語「謝謝」的語用與語篇功能探析。華文世界，127，56-75。
畢繼萬（1996）。漢英感謝語的差異。語文建設，07，38-40。
許芳（2014）。淺析英語中的禮貌原則。考試周刊，62，86-86。
許露敏（2019）。中日跨文化溝通中「感謝」表達的比較研究。現代交際，16，80-82。
陳建民（1991）。漢語的道謝用語。語文知識，12，30-31。
陳海麗（2014）。中越跨文化語用失誤分析。欽州學院學報，29（12），63-66。
陳國明（2003）。文化間傳播學。五南書局。
曾金金（2002年8月2日至5日）。由「謝謝」的使用談語言與文化教學〔論文發表〕。第七屆國際漢語教學研討會，上海，中國。
黃光國（1988）。中國人的權力遊戲。巨流圖書公司。
楊黎（2009）。美國留學生漢語感謝言語行為語用發展的研究（未出版碩士論文）。北京語言大學。
廖百秋（2008）。“謝謝”與“Thank you” ──禮貌的語用切當性分析。時代教育，01，28-35。
趙若妤（2012）。華語網路感謝言語行為研究與教學應用──以美籍學生為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。
劉素帉（2012）。日常會話結束策略之中英對比研究（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。
蔡晨、汪茵茵（2015）。英語專業大學生對英語感謝語情境的語用意思研究：性別角色與社會情境。當代外語研究，12，46-52。
鄭麗雲、方經民（1998）。感謝與道歉。修辭學習，06，21-22。
儲澤祥（1995）謝謝的與原因受詞凝結式及其南北差異。世界漢語教學，04，23-28。
謝佳玲（2015）。漢語與英語跨文化對比：網路社會之語用策略研究。文鶴出版社。
謝佳玲、張氏慶茹（2021年7月9日至11日）。華語與越語電子郵件道謝策略之語用對比與教學建議〔論文發表〕。第十三屆世界華語文教學國際術研討會，臺北，臺灣。
羅悠理（2015）。中德批評與回應策略──以電影討論區為例（未出版碩士論文）。國立臺灣師範大學。 
英文文獻
Aijmer, K. (1996). Conversational routines in English: Convention and creativity. Addison Wesley.
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. The Clarendon Press.
Bargiela-Chiappini, F. (2003). Face and politeness: new (insights) for old (concepts). Journal of Pragmatics, 35, 1453-1469.
Blum-Kulka, S., & House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Investigating cross-cultural pragmatics: An introductory overview. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, & G. Kasper (Eds.), Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 1-34). Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Boxer, D., & Pickering, L. (1995). Problems in the presentation of speech acts in ELT materials: The case of complaints. ELT Journal, 49(1), 44-58.
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press.
Brown, R., & Gilman, A. (1960). Pronouns of power and solidarity. In T. A. Sebeok (Ed.), Style in language (pp. 253-276). MIT Press.
Chen, R. (1993). Responding to compliments: A contrastive study of politeness strategies between American English and Chinese speakers. Journal of Pragmatics, 20, 49-75.
Coulmas, F. (1981). Poison to your soul: Thanks and apologies contrastively viewed. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), Conversational routine (pp. 66-91). Mouton publishers.
Davis, L. (2001). Doing culture: Cross-culture communication in action. Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Du, W. S. (1995). Performance of face-threatening acts in Chinese: Complaining, giving bad news, and disagreeing. In Gabriele Kasper (Ed.), Pragmatics of Chinese as native and target language (pp. 165-206). Honolulu, Hawai‟i: University of Hawai‟i, Second Language Teaching & Curriculum Center.
Eisenstein, M., & Bodman, J. (1986). I very appreciate: Expressions of gratitude by native and non-native speakers of American English. Applied Linguistics, 7(2), 167-185.
Gao, G. (1998). “Don’t take my word for it”._Understanding Chinese speaking practices. International Journal of intercultural Relations, 22(2), 163-186.
Gelfand, M. J., Bhawuk, D. P. S., Nishii, L. H., & Bechtold, D. J. (2004). Individualism and Collectivism. In R. J. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.), Culture, leadership, and organizations: The Globe study of 62 societies (pp. 437-512). SAGE Publishing.
Gu, Y. G. (1990). Politeness phenomena in modern Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics, 14(2), 237-257.
Gudykunst, W. B., & Lee, C. M. (2002). Cross-cultural communication theories. In W. B. Gudykunst & B. Mody (Eds.), Handbook of international and intercultural communication (2nd ed., pp. 25-50). Sage Publishing.
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Anchor Press-Doubleday.
Hinkel, E. (1994). Pragmatics of interaction: Expressing thanks in a second language. Applied Language Learning, 5(1), 73-91.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage Publishing.
Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1984). Hofstede’s culture dimensions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 15(4), 417-433.
Hymes, D. H. (1972). On communicative competence. In J.B. Pride & J. Holmes (Eds.), Sociolinguistics selected readings (pp. 269-293). Penguin Books.
Lakoff, R. (1973). The logic of politeness, or minding your p’s and q’s. Chicago Linguistics Society, 9, 292-305.
Leech, G. N. (1983). Principle of pragmatics. Tavistock.
Leung, K. (1988). Some determinants of conflict avoidance. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 19(1), 125-136.
Lii-Shih, Yu-hwei E. 1994. What do “Yes” and “No” really mean in Chinese? In J. E. Alatis (ed.), Georgetown University round table on languages and linguistics: educational linguistics, crosscultural communication, and global interdependence (pp.128-149). Georgetown University Press.
Mao, L.-M. R. (1994). Beyond politeness theory:“Face”revisited and reviewed. Journal of Pragmatics, 21(5), 451-486.
Nguyen, T. K. (2015). The “sacred face”: What directs Vietnamese people in interacting with others in everyday life. VNU Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(3), 246-259.
Okabe, R. (1983). Cultural assumption of East and West: Japan and the United States. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Intercultural communication theory: Current perspectives (pp. 21-44). Sage Publishing.
Parsons, T. (1951). The social system. Free press.
Searle, J. R. (1969). Speech acts: An essay in the philosophy of language. Cambridge University.
Spencer-Oatey, H. (1996). Reconsidering power and distance. Journal of Pragmatics, 26(1), 1-24.
Ting-Toomey, S. (1999). Communicating across cultures. Guilford Press.
Triandis, H. C. (1988). Collectivism vs. individualism: A reconceptualization of a basic concept in cross-cultural social psychology. In G. K. Verma & C. Bagley (Eds.), Cross-cultural studies of personality, attitudes and cognition (pp. 60-95). Macmillan Publishers.
Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism & collectivism. Westview Press.
Wierzbicka, A. (1991). Cross-Cultural Pragmatic: The Semantic of Human Interaction. De Gruyter.
Yu, M. C. (2003). On the universality of face: Evidence from Chinese compliment response behavior. Journal of Pragmatics, 35, 1679-1710.
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford University Press.
越文文獻
Dao, D. A. (2010). Từ điển Hán Việt [漢越詞典]. NXB Khoa học xã hội [社會科學出版社].
Do, T. T. V. (2019). Đối chiếu hành vi cảm ơn và hồi đáp cảm ơn trong tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt (Luận án Tiến sĩ chưa được ban hành) [英語與越語感謝及其回應語之語用策略對比 (未出版博士論文)]. Viện hàn lâm khoa học xã hội Việt Nam – học viện khoa học xã hội. [越南社會科學翰林院——社會科學院].
Hoang, P. (1992). Từ điển tiếng Việt [越語詞典] (2nd ed.). Nhà xuất bản Hà Nội [河內出版社].
Nguyen, T. M. (2012). Các chức năng ngữ dụng của lời cảm ơn trong Tiếng Việt [越語感謝語的語用功能]. Ngôn ngữ và đời sống [越南線上期刊], 201(07), 08-15.
https://vjol.info.vn/index.php/NNDS/article/view/16449
Nguyen, T. T. (2009). “Xin lỗi”, “Cám ơn” - biểu hiện của phép lịch sự trong văn hoá ứng xử người Việt".[抱歉，致謝-越南人行為文化中的禮貌表現]. Tạp chí Khoa học Trường Đại học Vinh [榮市大學科學雜誌], 38(4B), 92-98.
Pham, H. N. (2007). Khám phá Khái niệm Thể diện trong Tiếng Việt: Bằng chứng từ Kết hợp Từ [越南語「面子」概念探討：來自其搭配能力的證據]. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 4(2), 257-266.
Ta, T. T. T. (2009). Lịch sự trong giao tiếp tiếng Việt [越南語交流中的禮貌]. Nhà xuất bản Tổng hợp TP. HCM [胡志明市總出版社].
Tran, N.T. (1995) Cơ sở văn hóa Việt Nam [越南文化機構]. Trường ĐH Tổng hợp TP Hồ Chí Minh. [胡志明市綜合大學].
Tran, Q. V. (2006). Cơ sở văn hóa Việt Nam [越南文化機構]. Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam [越南教育出版社].