對於國家而言，專業人才是維繫國家整體競爭力的重要關鍵。隨著全球資訊的進步與知識經濟時代的來臨，台灣面臨了產業發展快速變遷的衝擊。面對變遷與競爭，國家如何甄拔人才，並有效地管理專業人力，是國家發展政策重要的一環。
本文旨在從國家人力資源發展之角度，探討現行國家證照考選制度對產業的專業人力資源發展所造成的影響、限制、或幫助，以及相關專業人員在取得執照後，國家如何能藉由證照的發給或審核來持續維持專業人員之能力與產業競爭力，以確保公眾之利益與安全，進而藉由這些素質良好的專門職業人員來達到社會轉型發展的目標。
因為考選部列入專門職業考試的類別有十三個業種，多達七十多種專門職業，為求研究深入周密必須有所取捨。當前，因台灣少子化與人口結構老化的趨勢，加上行政院為突破現階段經濟困境並因應後金融風暴發展佈局，積極推動產業結構轉型，政府在未來的產業政策上，將從過去著重「硬體」轉變為培植發揚「軟國力」，積極推動六大新興產業。本研究即以其中的「醫療照護產業」做為個案分析對象。期能透過文獻探討並以訪談方式訪問醫療照護產業之臨床工作者，以瞭解醫療照護產業證照制度之執行、管理、及因應策略，對政府考銓及國家專業人力管理提出建議，作為政策擬定之參考。
預期研究結果能夠顯示，國家證照制度對專業人才之個人成長(ID)、生涯發展(CD)，與組織發展(OD)有重要關聯性。俾使政府能有效運用證照考試制度來拔擢、管理與發展專業人力資源。

This paper aims to explore the influences of the national professional licensure system on the professional human resource development. Adjusting to the aging society and low fertility trend in Taiwan, this paper takes “Health Care Industry” as the analysis subject. Through literature reviews and interviews with practitioners in the health care industry, the practice and management of licensure system is examined. The interview contents are investigated through three dimensions of human resource development, which are personal development, career development and organization development.
Analyzed from interview contents and related literature, the findings are summarized as following. (1)Professional Examination system can serve as the quality control system of human resource development. (2) Professional licensure system is an effective tool to recruit and retain professional human resources from practitioners’ perspective. (3) The management of the licenses helps the continuing profession development
Based on the findings, the researcher provided the following recommendations for the government as the reference for policy making. They include (1) the empowerment of the profession unions, (2) a design of a systematical continuing professional development structure, and (3) the establishment of competency standard for national professional human resources.

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