簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 曾格妮
論文名稱: 當個一人和障礙相遇~兩名國三學生的障礙經驗敘說
Disability Experience of Two Grade Nine Students Narrative
指導教授: 王天苗
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 特殊教育學系
Department of Special Education
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 159
中文關鍵詞: 障礙經驗質性研究敘事探究學習障礙智能障礙
英文關鍵詞: disability experience, qualitative study, narrative, learning disability, intellectual disability
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:310下載:42
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究以兩位九年級學生為研究參與者,他們分別被鑑定為學習障礙以及智能障礙學生。採敘事研究方法,主要透過訪談、輔以觀察及相關文件蒐集方式,探究特殊學生的障礙經驗。

    經過資料蒐集、分析與詮釋,研究者先分別呈現兩位學生的敘說脈絡,再進一步提出其共同的核心議題,研究主要發現如下:
    一、兩名學生在被確實鑑定為障礙學生以前,就因為能力的限制受到排斥、以及資源的剝奪。
    二、被鑑定為障礙者以後,他們接受特殊教育服務,並且接收到師長、同儕各方對「障礙」的評價。
    三、普通班老師、及同儕對「障礙」多持貶低態度,和特教專業對「障礙」的詮釋不同。
    四、國中階段,同儕對「障礙」的評價,影響學生對己身障礙的觀感,使他們多方排斥、抗拒標籤,甚至抗拒特殊教育服務。
    五、特殊教育服務確實幫助了障礙學生,但專業人員認定的需求和學生意願若產生落差,學生會因此對自己的障礙獲得較少的控制感、自主感。

    整體而言,障礙學生能夠察覺自己的能力限制,以及周遭對他們「障礙」的貶低態度。他們需要更多的支持、陪伴,去學習如何正向地統整他們的障礙經驗,讓障礙對自己生活的限制變少。

    This research takes two grade nine students as to study a participant, they respectively have learning disability and intellectual disability. The research is based on narrative studies through interviews, observation and associated documents to collect data.
    As the results, the students narrative presented five core themes were synthesized: (1) Two students at definite consultation is disability student before, because the restriction of ability was rejected, and the deprival of resource. (2) After being authenticated for the obstacle, they accept a special education service, and receive teacher, peers everyone's evaluation to " disability ". (3) The teachers and peers of class to "disability" much hold belittle an attitude, and annotation dissimilarity of special education profession to" disability ". (4) Teenager's stage, peers' evaluation to " disability ", influence student to one's disability of impressions, make them reject, resist label in many ways, even resist a special education service. (5) The special education service really helped students, but the professional personnel affirm of need and student's will if creation fall to differ, student association therefore to own disability acquire less of control feeling, independent feeling.
    By all accounts, the student can realize an own ability restriction, and whole to their " disability " belittle an attitude. They need more support and keep company with, learning how just to ground integrative their disability experience, let the restriction become less.

    第一章:初衷 一、一個學生的探問 1 二、學習和經驗的碰撞 2 三、前行的方向 7 第二章:文獻的發聲 一、知識、權力與人的交會 9 二、人是什麼 11 三、障礙是什麼 12 四、當一個人遇見障礙 16 五、當這些人遇見障礙 20 (一)社會大眾對「標籤」的知覺 21 (二)社會大眾對「障礙者」的態度 23 (三)障礙者對社會態度的意識 23 (四)障礙者對社會態度的因應 24 (五)障礙者對障礙經驗的統整 28 (六)青少年障礙者敘說障礙經驗的可能性 31 第三章:方法的運用 一、為何敘事? 33 二、探究之前~怯怯的初試 34 三、尋找說故事的人 36 四、研究參與者 40 (一)小夏 40 (二)懿藩 41 (三)其他參與者 41 五、我與參與者的關係 42 六、一些思慮 43 (一)我如何看障礙? 45 (二)主觀的魔咒? 48 (三)他們說的真實嗎? 50 (四)如何完整? 52 (五)資料收集夠了? 53 (六)說的迷惑? 53 (七)反思是否適切? 59 (八)如何深入? 59 (九)同儕報告 60 (十)書寫的掙扎 60 (十一)研究倫理 61 十、資料的獲得 61 十一、資料的整理 62 十二、故事的呈現 63 第四章:聽我們說故事 一、小夏 65 (一)他也不知道該怎麼辦 70 (二)不是自己寫的得獎心得 71 (三)抗拒對障礙的追問 72 (四)辛苦的普通班生涯 76 (五)被安排的生活 84 (六)抗拒對障礙的追問 72 (七)緊張的師生關係 86 (八)障礙是傷口 93 (九)無路可走的選擇 96 (十)後記 98 二、懿藩 100 (一)障礙的出現 104 (二)學習障礙 106 (三)資源班 109 (四)普通班 113 (五)牢籠似的家 125 (六)無處可逃. 130 (七)後記 132 三、結語 134 第五章:終點亦起點 一、研究的終點 136 (一)他們因「障礙」被貶低 138 (二)「標籤」讓他們被公開檢視 39 (三)同儕對「障礙」的評價對他們影響深遠 140 (四)傾聽之必要 142 (五)自我決定 143 (六)陪伴的重要 145 (七)力有未逮之處 146 二、我的起點 147 參考文獻 149 附錄 156 附錄一、研究參與同意書 156 附錄二 、相關人員訪談大綱 157 附錄三、小夏研究記事 158 附錄四、懿藩研究記事 159

    一、中文部分
    王天苗(1994)。啟智工作的省思-朝向人性化.本土化的發展。特殊教育季刊,50,5-14。
    余德慧(2001)。詮釋現象心裡學。臺北:心靈工坊。
    李奉儒、高淑清、鄭瑞隆、林麗菊、吳之儀、洪志成、蔡清田等譯(2005)。質性教育研究:理論與方法。臺北:濤石。
    吳冠穎(2004)。他們是社會人嗎?—兩名啟智學校畢業青年的生活樣貌。國立台灣大學師範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文。
    易之新譯(2000)。敘事治療:解構並重寫生命故事。臺北:張老師。
    易之新譯(2002)。疾病的希望-身心整合的療癒力量。臺北:心靈工坊。
    胡幼慧(2005)。質性研究:理論、方法及本土女性研究實例。臺北:巨流。
    林淑玟(1999)。從各殘障模式分析我國法令對「身心障礙」定義之問題。中華民國特殊教育1999年刊,121-136。
    張君玫譯(1999)。解釋性互動論。臺北:弘智。
    張蕙菁(2003)。三分熟朋友。《壹週刊》,252,176。
    張娟芬(2006年7月4日):局外人。檢索日期:2007年6月5日。取自World Wide Web:http://cleanfor2months.blogspot.com/2006/07/blog-post.html。
    黃俊郎(2002)。這本書。臺北:華人版圖。
    黃文慧(2005)。從生活看雙重特殊學生之特質~由一位美術才能優異的學障學生生活經歷談起。特殊教育研究學刊,28,289-312。
    廖世德(2001)。故事‧知識‧權力-敘事治療的力量。臺北:心靈工坊。
    蔡明富(2004)。國小教師與同儕對注意力缺陷過動症標記之知覺研究。特殊教育研究學刊,26,293-317。
    蔡敏玲(1996)。教育質性研究者請在文本中現身:兩項重要思慮。國民教育,14(2),21-29。
    蔡敏玲(2001)。教育質性研究報告的書寫。國立臺北師範學院學報,14,233-260。
    蔡敏玲、餘曉雯譯 (2003)。 敘說探究:質性研究中的經驗與故事。臺北:心理。
    蔡敏玲(2004)。我看教育質性研究創塑意義的問題與難題:經歷、剖析與再脈絡化。國立臺北師範學院學報,17(1),493-518。
    二、英文部分
    Armstrong, T. (2001). IKSWAL: Interesting kids saddled with alienating labels. Educational Leadership, 59(3), 38-41.
    Beart, S. (2005). ‘I won’t think of meself as a learning disability. But I have’: Social identity and self-advocacy. British Journal of Learning Disability , 33, 128-131.
    Beart, S., Hardy, G., & Buchan, L. (2005). How people with intellectual disabilities view their social identity: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities , 18, 47-56.
    Bianco, M. (2005). The effects of disability labels on special education and general education teachers' referrals for gifted programs. Learning Disability Quarterly, 28, 285-295.
    Burstein, K., Bryan, T., & Chao, P. (2005). Promoting self-determination skills among youth with special health needs using participatory action research. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 17(2), 185-201.
    Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., & Richardson, V. (2004). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71, 195-207.
    Carter, E. W., Lane, K. L., Pierson, M. R., & Glaeser, B. (2006). Self-determination skills and opportunities of transition-age youth with emotional disturbance and learning disabilities. Council for Exceptional Children, 72(3), 333-346.
    Corey, G. (2005). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy(7/E). California: Brooks/Cole.
    Craig, J., Craig, F., Withers, P., Hatton, C., & Limb, K. (2002). Identity conflict in people with Intellectual Disabilities: What role do service-providers play in mediating stigma? Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities , 15, 61-72.
    Cunningham, C., & Glenn, S. (2004). Self-awareness in young adults with Down Syndrome: I. Awareness of Down Syndrome and disability. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 51(4), 335-358.
    Danforth, S. (2002). New words for new purposes: A challenge for AAMR. Mental Retardation, 40(1), 51-55.
    Dagnan, D., & Sandhu, S. (1999). Social comparison, Self–esteem and depression in people with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Research, 43(5), 372-379.
    Dagnan, D., & Waring, M. (2004). Linking stigma to psychological distress: Testing a social–cognitive model of the experience of people with intellectual disabilities. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy , 15, 247-254.
    Dickson, K., Emerson, E., & Hatton, C. (2005). Self-reported anti-social behaviour : prevalence and risk factors amongst adolescents with and without intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 820-826.
    Dudley, J. R. (2000). Confronting stigma within the services system. Social Work, 45(5). 449-153.
    Emerson, E. (2005). Use of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire to assess the mental health needs of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 30(1), 14-23.
    Finlay, W. M. L., & Lyons, E. (2005). Rejecting the Label: A Social Constructionist Analysis. Mental Retardation, 43(2), 120-134.
    Gallagher, J. J. (1976). The sacred and profane uses of labels. Exceptional Children, 45, 3-7.
    Gillman, M., Heyman, B., & Swain, J. (2000). What’s in a name? The implications of diagnosis for people with learning difficulties and their family carers. Disability & Society, 15(3), 389–409.
    Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc.
    Goldstein, S. B., & Johnson, V.A. (1997). Stigma by association: Perceptions of the dating partners of college students with physical disabilities. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 19(4), 495–504.
    Goode, D. (2002). Mental Retardation is dead: Long live Mental Retardation! Mental Retardation, 40(1), 57-59.
    Gordon, P. A., Tschopp, M. K., & Feldman, D. (2004). Addressing issues of sexuality with adolescents with disabilities. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 21(5), 513-526.
    Hallahan, D. P., Lloyd, J. w., Kauffman, J. M., Weiss, M. P., & ;Martinez, E. A.(2005). Learning disabilities (3th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
    Heward, W. L., & Orlansky, M. D. (1992). Exceptional children(4th ed.). New York: Macmillan.
    Jahoda, A., & Markova, I. (2004). Coping with social stigma: People with intellectual disabilities moving from institutions and family home. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 48(8), 719-729.
    Jones, E. E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A. H., Markus, H., Miller, D. T., & Scott, R. A. (1984). Social stigma: The psychology of marked relationships. New York: W. H.
    Katz, I. (1981). Stigma: A social psychology analysis. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    Kelly, N., & Norwich, B. (2004). Pupils’ perceptions of self and of labels: Moderate learning difficulties in mainstream and special schools. British Journal of Educational Psychology Society, 74, 411-435.
    Kuhne, M., & Wiener, J. (2000). Stability of social Status of children with and without Learning Disabilities. Learning Disabilities Quarterly, 23(1), 64-75.
    Laura, J. H., & Jodie, A. M. (2000). A follow-up study of the peer relationships of children with disabilities in an inclusive school. Journal of Special Education, 34(3), 114-127.
    Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. C. (2001). Conceptualizing stigma. Annual Review Sociology, 27, 363-385.
    Martin, R. (2003). A real life, a real community: The empowerment and full participation of people with an intellectual disability in their community. A speech presented at the 16th ACMR, Tsukuba, Japan.
    Mccormack, C. (2004). Storying stories: A narrative approach to in-depth interview conversations. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 7, 219-236.
    Michalakis, D. (2003). He systems theory concept of disability: One is observed to be one. Disability & Society, 18(2), 209-229.
    Mertens, D. M. (2005). Research methods in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
    Mu, K., Siegel, E. B., & Allinder, R. M. (2000). Peer Interactions and sociometric status of high school students with moderate or severe disabilities in general education classrooms. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 25(3), 142-52.
    Norwich, B. (1999). The connotation of special education labels for professionals in the field. British Journal of Special Education, 26(4), 179-183.
    Olney, M. F., & Kim, A. (2001). Beyond adjustment: integration of cognitive disability into identity. Disability & Society, 16(4), 563-583.
    Olney, M. F., & Brockelman, K. F. (2003). Out of the disability closet: Strategic use of perception management by select university students with disabilities. Disability & Society, 18(1), 35-50.
    Pavri, S., & Luftig, R. (2000). The social face of inclusive education: Are students with learning disabilities really included in the classroom. Preventing School Failure, 45(1), 8-14.
    Rapley, M., Kiernan, P., & Antaki, C. (1998) . Invisible to themselves or negotiating identity? The interactional management of 'being intellectually disabled.' Disability & Society, 13(5), 807-827.
    Reid, D. K., & Button, L. J. (1995). Anna’s story: Narratives of personal experience about being labeled learning disabled. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 10, 602-614.
    Smith, V. M. (2003). “You have to learn who come with the disability”: Students’ reflections on service learning experience with peers labeled with disabilities. Research & Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 28(2), 79-90.
    Stanley I. G. (2005). What's wrong with my child? Scholastic Parent & Child, 12(6), 62-65.
    Swain, J. & French, S. (2000). Towards an affirmation model of disability. Disability & Society, 15(4), 569-582.
    Whitney-Thomas, J., & Moloney, M. (2001). “Who I am and what I want”: Adolescents’ self-definition and struggles. The Council for Exceptional Children, 67(3), 375-389.
    Wolfensberger, W. (2002). Needed or at least wanted: Sanity in the language wars. Mental Retardation, 40(1), 75-80.
    World Health Organization (2001). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva: WHO.
    Youngblood II, J., & Spencer, M. B. (2002). Integrating normative identity processes and academic support requirements for special needs adolescents: The application of an identity-focused cultural ecological(ICE) perspective. Applied Developmental Science, 6(2), 95-108.
    Ysseldyke, J. E., Algozzine, B., & Thurlow, M. L. (1992). Critical issues in special education(2nd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

    QR CODE