研究生: |
翟宗悌 Chai Tsungti |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
職業傷害致殘勞工的心理調適歷程及心理輔導人員的介入策略、角色與功能之探究 The adaptive process of the industrially disabled and the intervening strategies, roles and functions of psychotherapists |
指導教授: |
鄔佩麗
Wu, Pei-Li |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育心理與輔導學系 Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling |
畢業學年度: | 86 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 272 |
中文關鍵詞: | 職業傷害 、工傷者 、心理輔導人員 、調適歷程 、殘障 、勞工 |
英文關鍵詞: | work injury, industrailly injured, psychotherapist, adaptive process, disabled, labor |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:226 下載:0 |
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本研究目的在瞭解因職業傷害致殘勞工的心理調適歷程與相關因素,以及心理輔導人員在
此歷程中所運用的策略,扮演的角色與其發揮功能,以作為相關服務以員服務工傷者時的
參考。
參與本研究的三位工傷者分別是因金屬零件沖床機器壓傷而右手殘障的女性青少年勞工、
遭橡膠壓出成型設備捲入而左手殘障的男性青少年勞工,以及從事電氣顧問業遭高壓電電
擊之成年已婚男性勞工。資料來源主要是研究者擔任這三位工傷者之心理師時的介入記錄
,佐以社工員的紀錄,以及工傷者及家屬接受事後回溯訪談的紀錄。
研究結果如後:
1. 工傷者的心理調適歷程是捨棄過去自我形象,重建新的自我形象的過程。
2. 工傷者的心理調適歷程可略分為四個階段:「情緒紛擾階段」、「焦慮階段」、「絕望
階段」以及「自主嘗試階段」,各階段間有重疊的情形;在進入各階段之前,則有關鍵點
可供參考,以瞭解工傷者目前處在哪一個階段,研究者並提出各階段的認知、情緒及行為
特徵。
3. 影響工傷者心理調適歷程的相關因素:包括個人與環境兩大類因素。
4. 工傷者心理調適歷程與一般失落及殘障的心理調適歷程類似,由於肇因於職業傷害的緣
故,而使工傷者的心理調適歷程有下列特色:(1)工作對個人的意義,決定工傷者在心理
調適歷程中所在乎的重點與因應方式(2)勞雇雙方的角力衝突與職業傷害補償的協調貫穿
工傷者的心理調適歷程,並左右工傷者對社會的觀感(3)勞基法與勞保若能實際執行發揮
功用,對工傷者的心理調適歷程將有相當大的幫助(4)強調工傷者個人疏忽與命定的職業
傷害歸因方式,促使職業傷害的再次發生,並為工傷者帶來二次傷害。
在服務工傷者時,心理輔導人員會採取較一般心理師主動的態度,瞭解並結合各方資源,
同時配合工傷者的心理調適階段、以及工傷者個人與家庭的獨特需要與文化,彈性使用各
種可行的方式,包括主動至醫院初談、電話晤談、家訪、支持性團體等等,運用危機處理
以及復健諮商的概念,以及時提供工傷者家庭協助,最終的目標在達成全方位的危機治療
。
心理輔導人員在工傷者心理調適歷程所扮演的角色其實就是「危機治療師」、「復健諮商
師」的角色,其所發揮的功能有:(1)結合社會資源、保障工傷者的權益(2)安定工傷
者與家屬情緒,增加理性思考能力(3)提升工傷者的問題因應與自我保護的能力(4)預
防問題惡化與再次受傷。
文後研究者提出有關預防職業傷害,以及職業傷害發生後的介入處理的建議,並針對工傷
者、家屬、雇主、學校以及政府等對象提出建議。
The two industrially disabled in their teenage were crashed at their hands by
the press machines, the other married industrially disabled was hurt at his
vertebra for the electric shock. The researcher intervened to help them and
their families for more than one year as a psychotherapist in a social service
institution for labor.
The data is mainly from the records of the researcher who wrote down when she
worked with the industrially disabled, and the retrospective interviews to the
three disabled and their family.
This research finds that the adaptive process of the industrially disabled is
the process of rebuilding self-image. The adaptive process is similar to the
process of the ordinarily disabled, but it owns some characteristics for the
sake of the work injury. The personal meaning of work, the power struggle
between the employer and the disabled employee, the function of the law and
the insurance of labor, and the view of the society to work injury influence
the adaptive process of the industrially disabled.
The adaptive process can be indistinctly divided into four stages, "emotional
arousal", "anxiety", "despair" and "autonomy". And there are the crucial
points before the industrially disabled enters the next stage.
The psychotherapist of the industrially disabled in the adaptive process is
to act as the roles of "a crisis therapist" and "a rehabilitation counselor".
She or he actively integrates the resources and safeguard the right of the
disabled, comforts the disabled and their family, improves their abilities of
coping problems brought by work injury, and prevents the worsening of the
problem and the recurrence of work injury.
Besides the suggestions on the prevention and remedies of work injury, the
suggestions for the industrially disabled, the family, the employers, the
school and the government are discussed.