簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 吳伃玄
Wu, Yu-Hsuan
論文名稱: 生涯韌力:高關懷青少年生涯發展之敘事研究
Career Resilience: Narrative Research in High-Risk Adolescent Career Development
指導教授: 田秀蘭
Tien, Hsiu-Lan
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 教育心理與輔導學系
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 159
中文關鍵詞: 生涯發展高關懷青少年敘事研究韌力
英文關鍵詞: Career development, High-risk adolescent, Narrative research, Resilience
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201900544
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:323下載:18
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 鑑於高關懷學生與一般生發展歷程不盡相同,又青少年階段在生涯發展階段中有其重要性。為了解高關懷青少年如何運用韌力渡過危機,同時推進其生涯發展進程,本研究目的在透過敘事取向之研究方法,探究其克服困境之韌力及其內外在經驗對個人生涯發展為何,並提出相關研究結果與建議。
    本研究之研究參與者為四名於高風險家庭中成長者,透過半結構訪談獲取相關資料後,以「整體—內容」與「類別—內容」方式進行分析,回應研究目的與研究問題。
    研究結果發現:一、逆境中的韌力對高關懷青少年生涯發展的影響包含:(一)逆境中的韌力經驗成為生涯選擇基礎;(二)情緒調適方式與外在環境交互作用影響生涯路徑;(三)個人藉家庭經驗建構自我期許;(四)韌力經驗藉遞迴性增進個人生涯自我效能;(五)社會文化影響個人資源取得與發展方向。
    二、高關懷青少年的韌力內涵與影響:(一)個人系統中韌力發揮有助於促進復原進程;(二)對家庭經驗的覺察與反思,有助調整個人與家庭的互動關係;(三)高關懷青少年對非正式資源接受度較高;對正式資源接受度則有個別差異;(四)個人積極的態度,有助促發機會帶來正向的影響;(五)韌力的正負雙向性所帶來的影響,藉個人或環境系統資源得到平衡。
    根據上述結果,針對助人工作者及有意後續研究者,提出相關的建議以供參考。

    This thesis aims to explore the resilience that enables high-risk adolescents to overcome adversity and how the interaction between internal and external experiences within a person plays a part in his/her career development. In light of the difference in course of development among high-risk students and average students, this research adopts narrative-oriented approach in an attempt to understand how high-risk adolescents use resilience to undergo the crisis of adolescence while moving forward along their career paths.
    The four participants of this research grow up in high-risk families. Through conducting semi-structured interviews with them, this research analyzes the data obtained from the interviews from holistic-content and categorical-content perspective to shed light on the questions raised by this research.
    The results of this research are as follows. Firstly, the influence that resilience of adversity has over high-risk adolescent’s career path:
    a. Career choices are grounded in life experiences such as resilience of adversity .
    b. Interactions between the adaptability of emotions and outer environment affect one’s career paths.
    c. To construct vision of the future through family experiences.
    d. Resilience experience helps enhance self-efficacy of career development through recursiveness.
    e. Social culture affects access to personal resources and the direction of development.
    Secondly, the establishment of high-risk adolescent’s resilience and its operation:
    a. Resilience play a part in promoting the process of resilience.
    b. Awareness and reflection on family experiences help adjust interactive relationship with his/her family.
    c. More acceptable to informal resources, high-risk adolescents’ acceptability of formal resources varies from person to person.
    d. Active attitude initiates opportunities that bring positive effects.
    e. The reciprocal effect brought by resilience can be balanced by personal and environmental resources.
    As for professional helpers and those who intend to develop the study, this research offers related suggestions based on the results mentioned above.

    誌謝詞 i 中文摘要 iii 英文摘要 v 目次 vii 表次 ix 圖次 xi 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機 1 第二節 研究目的 3 第三節 名詞解釋 3 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 高關懷青少年生涯發展 5 第二節 系統取向生涯敘事理論 13 第三節 韌力與生涯發展歷程 26 第三章 研究方法 37 第一節 研究取向與研究方法 37 第二節 研究參與者 39 第三節 研究工具 40 第四節 研究實施程序 44 第五節 資料整理與分析 45 第六節 研究倫理 48 第四章 研究結果 49 第一節 小葵的生命故事與韌力 49 第二節 小寶的生涯故事與韌力 68 第三節 小T的生涯故事與韌力 88 第四節 小威的生涯故事與韌力 107 第五章 討論與建議 129 第一節 逆境與韌力對高關懷青少年生涯發展的影響 129 第二節 高關懷青少年的韌力的內涵與作用 135 第三節 反思與建議 142 參考資料 147 中文部分 147 英文部分 148 附錄 155 附錄一 研究邀請函 155 附錄二 研究同意書 156 附錄三 訪談大綱 157 附錄四 研究結果檢核函 159

    中文部分
    內政部兒童局(2015)。兒童及少年高風險家庭關懷輔導處遇實施計畫-104函頒公告。取自衛生福利部社會及家庭署網站:https://www.sfaa.gov.tw/SFAA/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=270&pid=3591,2018年11月16日。
    吳芝儀(2011)。以人為主體之社會科學研究倫理議題。人文社會科學研究,5 (4),19-39。doi:10.6284/NPUSTHSSR.2011.5(4)2
    吳淑禎(2018)。生涯韌力:大學青年的生涯逆境知覺及其因應策略之研究。教育科學研究期刊,63(3),197-230。doi:10.6209/JORIES.201809_63(3).0007
    沈瓊桃(2010)。暴力的童年、堅韌的青年:目睹婚暴暨受虐青年復原力之探討。中華輔導與諮商學報,27,115-120。
    林杏足、陳佩鈺、陳美儒(2006)。國中高危險群學生對其危險因子與保護因子的知覺之分析研究。教育心理學報,38(2),151-176。
    洪瑞斌(2012)。失業經驗中的生涯韌性與韌力:對成年男性失業者之質性研究初探。中華輔導與諮商學報,34,143-173。
    鈕文英(2016)。研究方法與論文寫作,二版(修訂版)。臺北:雙葉。
    彭心怡、洪瑞斌、林俊宏、劉淑慧(2013)。生涯韌性之概念初探:生涯敘說文本之次級資料分析。台灣心理諮商季刊,5(1),17-44。
    彭滋萍、張高賓(2010)。高中職生家庭環境、生涯自我概念與生涯自我效能之研究。家庭教育與諮商學刊,9,33-60。
    曾文志(2006)。復原力保護因子效果概化之統合分析。諮商輔導學報:高師輔導所刊,14,1-35。
    黃素菲(2016)。 後現代的幸福生涯觀::變與不變的生涯理論與生涯諮商之整合模型。教育實踐與研究,29(2), 137-172
    楊瑞珠、連廷嘉(2004)。台灣都會區高危險群青少年流行率之調查研究。屏東師院學報,20,105-140。
    吳芝儀(譯)(2008)。敘事研究:閱讀、分析與詮釋。嘉義市:濤石文化。Lieblich, A., Tuval-Mashiach, R., & Zilber, T. (1998). Narrative research: Reading, analysis, and interpretation. CA : Sage.
    劉淑慧、田秀蘭、陳淑琦、張勻銘、黃莉惟、廖書䌍、陳慧甄(譯)(2009)。諮商研究法。台北:學富。Heppner, P. P., Wampold, B. E., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2007). Research design in counseling (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
    蔡敏玲、余曉雯(譯)(2003)。敘說探究:質性研究中的經驗與故事。台北市:心理出版社股份有限公司。Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass。

    英文部分
    Abbott-Chapman, J., Denholm, C., & Wyld, C. (2008). Social support as a factor inhibiting teenage risk-taking: Views of students, parents and professionals. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(6), 611-627.
    Abelev, M. S. (2009). Advancing out of poverty: Social class worldview and its relation to resilience. Journal of Adolescent Research, 24(1), 114-141.
    Alderfer, C. (2004). A family therapist’s reaction to “The influences of the family of origin on career development: A review and analysis”. The Counseling Psychologist, 32(4), 569-577.
    Arora, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2014). Workplace mentoring and career resilience. An empirical test. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 17(3), 205-220. doi:10.1037/mgr0000021
    Arora, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2015). Relationships between emotional stability, psychosocial mentoring support and career resilience. Europe's journal of psychology, 11(1), 16.
    Arthur, N., & McMahon, M. (2005). Multicultural career counseling: Theoretical applications of the systems theory framework. The Career Development Quarterly, 53(3), 208-222.
    Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American psychologist, 44(9), 1175.
    Beltman, S., Mansfield, C., & Price, A. (2011). Thriving not just surviving: A review of research on teacher resilience. Educational Research Review, 6(3), 185-207. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2011.09. 001
    Bierman, K. L., & Smoot, D. L. (1991). Linking family characteristics with poor peer relations: The mediating role of conduct problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 341-356.
    Bimrose J., Hearne L. (2012). Resilience and career adaptability: Qualitative studies of adult career counseling. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(3), 338–344.
    Blyth, D. A., & Roelkepartian, E. C. (1993). Healthy communities, healthy youth. Minneapolis: Search Institute.
    Bright, J., Pryor, R., Wilkenfeld, S., & Earl, J. (2005). The role of social context and serendipitous events in career decision making. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 5(1), 19-36.
    Carroll, A., Durkin, K., Hattie, J., & Houghton, S. (1997). Goal setting among adolescents: A comparison of delinquent, at-risk, and not-at-risk youth. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(3), 441-450.
    Cinamon, R. G., & Rich, Y. (2014). Work and family plans among at-risk Israeli adolescents: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Career Development, 41(3), 163-184.
    Dryfoos, G. D. (1990). Adolescents at risk: Prevalence and prevention. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Fergus, S., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2005). Adolescent resilience: A framework for understanding healthy development in the face of risk. Annu. Rev. Public Health, 26, 399-419.
    Fleming, C., Woods, C., & Barkin, S. L. (2006). Career goals in the high risk adolescent. Clinical Pediatrics, 45(8), 757-764.
    Inkson, K. (2006). Protean and boundaryless careers as metaphors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69, 48-63
    Jessor, R. (1991). Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial framework for understanding and action. Journal of adolescent Health, 12(8), 597-605.
    Jessor, R. (1993). Successful adolescent development among youth in high-risk settings. American Psychologist, 48(2), 117.
    John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301-1334.
    Kazdin, A. E., Kraemer, H. C., Kessler, R. C., Kupfer, D. J., & Offord, D. R. (1997). Contributions of risk-factor research to developmental psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 17(4), 375-406.
    Kitano, M. K., & Lewis, R. B. (2005). Resilience and coping: Implications for gifted children and youth at risk. Roeper Review, 27(4), 200-205.
    Krumboltz, J. D. (2009). The happenstance learning theory. Journal of Career Assessment, 17(2), 135-154.
    Krumboltz, J. D., Foley, P. F., & Cotter, E. W. (2013). Applying the happenstance learning theory to involuntary career transitions. The Career Development Quarterly, 61(1), 15-26.
    Ladany, N., Melincoff, D. S., Constantine, M. G., & Love, R. (1997). At‐Risk Urban High School Students' Commitment to Career Choices. Journal of Counseling & Development, 76(1), 45-52.
    Legum, H. L., & Hoare, C. H. (2004). Impact of a career intervention on at-risk middle school students' career maturity levels, academic achievement, and self-esteem. Professional School Counseling ,8, 148-155.
    Lindstrom Johnson, S., Jones, V., & Cheng, T. (2014). Promoting successful transition to adulthood for urban youths: Are risk behaviors associated with career readiness?. Social Work Research, 38(3), 144-153.
    Liu, J., McMahon, M., & Watson, M. (2015). Parental influence on child career development in mainland China: A qualitative study. The Career Development Quarterly, 63(1), 74-87.
    London, M. (1983). Toward a theory of career motivation. Academy of Management Review, 8(4), 620-630.
    Luthar, S. S. (1991). Vulnerability and resilience: A study of high‐risk adolescents. Child Development, 62(3), 600-616.
    Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543-562.
    Mance, P., & Yu, P. (2010). Context, relationship transitions and conflict: explaining outcomes for Australian youth from non-intact families. Journal of Population Research, 27(2), 75-105.
    Maree, J. G., & Venter, C. J. (2018). Improving the career resilience of a survivor of sexual abuse. Early Child Development and Care, 188(2), 240-249.
    Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56(3), 227-238.
    Masten, A. S., & Reed, M.-G. J. (2002). Resilience in development. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez(Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 74-88). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    McMahon, M. L., & Watson, M. B. (2008). Systemic Influences on Career Development: Assisting Clients to Tell Their Career Stories. Career Development Quarterly, 56(3), 280-288.
    Mcmahon, M., & Patton, W. (2002). Using qualitative assessment in career counselling. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 2(1), 51-66.
    McMahon, M., & Watson, M. (2013). Story telling: Crafting identities. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 41(3), 277-286.
    McMahon, M., Patton, W., & Watson, M. (2003). Developing qualitative career assessment processes. The Career Development Quarterly, 51(3), 194-202.
    McMahon, M., Patton, W., & Watson, M. (2004). Creating career stories through reflection: An application of the Systems Theory Framework of career development. Australian Journal of Career Development, 13(3), 13-17.
    McMahon, M., Watson, M., & Patton, W. (2005). Qualitative career assessment: Developing the My System of Career Influences reflection activity. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(4), 476-490.
    McWhirter, J. J., McWhirter, B. T., McWhirter, A. M., & McWhirter, E. H. (1995). Youth at risk: Another point of view. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73(5), 567-569.
    Mitchell, K. E., Al Levin, S., & Krumboltz, J. D. (1999). Planned happenstance: Constructing unexpected career opportunities. Journal of Counseling & Development, 77(2), 115-124.
    Osborn, D. S., & Reardon, R. C. (2006). Using the self‐directed search: career explorer with high‐risk middle school students. The Career Development Quarterly, 54(3), 269-273.
    Patton, W., & McMahon, M. (1999). Career development and systems theory: A new relationship. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
    Patton, W., & McMahon, M. (2014). Career development and systems theory: Connecting theory and practice (3rd ed.). Rotterdam, The Netherlands : Sense.
    Paul, H., & Garg, P. (2014). Factor structure of the resilience scale-14: Insights from an Indian sample. South Asian Journal of Management, 21(2), 71.
    Pearce, J., & Morrison, C. (2011). Teacher identity and early career resilience: Exploring the links. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(1), 48–59. doi:10.14221/ajte.2011v36n1.4
    Peterson, J. S. (2002). A longitudinal study of post-high-school development in gifted individuals at risk for poor educational outcomes. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 14(1), 6-18.
    Rickwood, R. R. (2002). Enabling high-risk clients: Exploring a career resiliency model. Retrieved from
    http://www.contactpoint.ca/natcon- conat/2002/pdf/pdf-02-10.pdf
    Rickwood, R. R., Roberts, J., Batten, S., Marshall, A., & Massie, K. (2004). Empowering high-risk clients to attain a better quality of life: A career resiliency framework. Journal of Employment Counseling, 41, 98-104.
    Roberts, K. (2004). Social class, opportunity structures and career guidance. In Critical reflections on career education and guidance (pp. 144-156). London, UK : Routledge.
    Rojewski, J. W., & Yang, B. (1997). Longitudinal analysis of select influences on adolescents' occupational aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51(3), 375-410.
    Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57(3), 316-331.
    Rutter, M. (1990). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. In J. Rolf, A. S. Masten, D. Cicchetti, K. H. Nuechterlein, & S. Weintraub (Eds.), Risk and protective factors in the development of psychopathology (pp. 181– 214). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An integrative construct for life‐span, life‐space theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45(3), 247-259.
    Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42-70).Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.
    Schoon, I. (2001). Teenage job aspirations and career attainment in adulthood: A 17-year follow-up study of teenagers who aspired to become scientists, health professionals, or engineers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25(2), 124-132.
    Seccombe, K. (2002). “Beating the odds’’ versus ‘‘changing the odds’’: Poverty, resilience, and family policy. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(2), 384-394. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00384.X
    Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., & Heslin, P. A. (2016). Developing career resilience and adaptability. Organizational Dynamics, 45(3), 245-257.
    Shek, D. T. L. (2013). Positive youth development, life satisfaction, and problem behaviors of adolescents in intact and non-intact families in Hong Kong. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 1, 18.
    Sinclair, V. G., & Wallston, K. A. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Assessment, 11(1), 94-101.
    Skorikov, V. (2007). Continuity in adolescent career preparation and its effects on adjustment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70(1), 8-24.
    Skorikov, V., & Vondracek, F. W. (1998). Vocational identity development: Its relationship to other identity domains and to overall identity development. Journal of Career Assessment, 6(1), 13-35.
    Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 25338.doi:10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
    Super, D. E. (1969). Vocational development theory: Persons, positions, and processes. The Counseling Psychologist, 1(1), 2-9.
    Super, D. E. (1990). The life span, life space approach to career development. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Orgs.), Career Choice and Development (2nd ed., pp. 197-261). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
    Turner, S. L., & Lapan, R. T. (2003). The measurement of career interests among at-risk inner-city and middle-class suburban adolescents. Journal of Career Assessment, 11(4), 405-420.
    Vondracek, F. W., & Porfeli, E. (2002). Integrating person-and function-centered approaches in career development theory and research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(3), 386-397.
    Wagnild, G., & Young, H. M. (1990). Resilience among older women. Image: The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 22(4), 252-255.
    Wang, J.-L., Zhang, D.-J., & Zimmerman, M. A. (2015). Resilience theory and its implications for Chinese adolescents. Psychological Reports, 117(2), 354-375. doi:10.2466/16.17.PR0.117c21z8
    Werner, E. E. (1989). High‐risk children in young adulthood: A longitudinal study from birth to 32 years. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 59(1), 72-81.
    Werner, E. E. (1997). Vulnerable but invincible: high‐risk children from birth to adulthood. Acta Paediatrica, 86(S422), 103-105.
    Werner, E. E. (2000). Protective factors and individual resilience. In J. Shonkoff & S. Meisels (Eds.), Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention (2nd ed., pp. 115-132). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Wiesner, M., Vondracek, F. W., Capaldi, D. M., & Porfeli, E. (2003). Childhood and adolescent predictors of early adult career pathways. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 305-328.
    Zimmerman, M. A., Bingenheimer, J. B., & Notaro, P. C. (2002). Natural mentors and adolescent resiliency: A study with urban youth. American Journal of Community Psychology, 30(2), 221-243.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE