當意外事件發生時，我們怎麼判斷當事人的責任有多少？描述意外事件的用語會不會影響讀者的判斷？根據Fausey & Boroditsky (2010) 的研究，英語母語者的判斷會受到文章中致使與非致使句式的影響。華語中也存在致使句與非致使句，過去學者曾提出「把字句是表達說話者追究責任語義的一種適宜句式。」(張伯江,2000)，然無後續實驗證明之。本研究的目的是探討致使涵義的差別會不會影響華語母語者的認知判斷。實驗一比較三種華語致使句式與一種非致使句式在母語者的語義認知上是否不同，進而影響其究責判斷，結果發現華語母語者閱讀包含致使句式與非致使句式的文章後所做的究責判斷並無顯著差異。實驗二修改實驗一之材料，使致使句和非致使句在各自文章中所佔的比例與Fausey & Boroditsky (2010)的實驗材料相當，實驗結果仍然顯示，華語母語者閱讀包含致使句式與非致使句式的文章後所做的究責判斷並無顯著差異。實驗三將實驗二材料譯為英文，透過線上平台蒐集英語母語者的資料，結果顯示英語母語者與華語母語者歸因傾向不同，英語母語者歸因時使用比華語母語者更多的個人因素，以及比華語母語者更少的背景因素。此結果表示語言的措詞不一定會影響歸因的傾向，東西文化的認知差異才是影響歸因傾向的可能原因。本文最後根據實驗的結果，由認知語言學角度提出兩項教學建議，分別為實驗一中華語四種句式的區辨以及實驗二與實驗三中的東西歸因模式差異。

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網路資料
重編國語辭典修訂本http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/
劍橋線上字典http://dictionary.cambridge.org/
維基百科 http://www.wikipedia.org/