研究生: |
王偉權 Wang, Wei-Chuan |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
自製具手臂四輪移動平台之最佳路徑規劃與抓取 Optimal path planning and grasping of self-made four-wheel mobile platform with an arm |
指導教授: |
呂藝光
Leu, Yih-Guang |
口試委員: |
張原彰
Chang, Yuan-Chang 吳政郎 Wu, Jenq-Lang 陶金旺 Tao, Chin-Wang 莊鎮嘉 Chuang, Chen-Chia 呂藝光 Leu, Yih-Guang |
口試日期: | 2022/07/18 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2022 |
畢業學年度: | 110 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 94 |
中文關鍵詞: | 四輪移動平台 、機械手臂 、PIDNN控制 、模糊控制 、最佳路徑規劃 、A-star |
英文關鍵詞: | Four-wheel mobile platform, robotic arm, PIDNN control, fuzzy control, optimal path planning, A-star |
研究方法: | 實驗設計法 、 行動研究法 、 準實驗設計法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202201345 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:125 下載:18 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本文自行設計具手臂的四輪移動平台,其中四輪移動平台的機械手臂擁有兩個自由度,可以垂直伸縮也可以水平伸縮,具有抓取物品功能。四輪移動平台本身可驅動前進、後退、左轉、右轉,因此四輪移動平台可以自由的移動,並且利用最佳路徑規劃到達指定地點。具手臂四輪移動平台,控制的核心是使用32位元的微控制器,將控制訊號傳至馬達驅動器來控制車輪與手臂的馬達。同時利用超音波感測器做為模糊控制的輸入並輸出相對應的目標轉速,使用霍爾感測器取得目前車子移動的狀態以及PIDNN (Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network)控制器給予對應的控制訊號維持當前的速度。
最佳路徑規劃是使用A-star演算法,實驗的場地會在各個轉彎處使用QR Code作為標記點,以利於四輪移動平台知道自己的位置並且執行對應的指令。最後,透過實驗驗證具手臂四輪移動平台能以最佳路徑移動至目標倉庫前執行抓取的任務。
This paper designs a four-wheeled mobile platform with a robotic arm. The arm of the four-wheeled mobile platform has two degrees of freedom and can be extended vertically or horizontally and has the function of grasping objects. The four-wheeled mobile platform can turn and drive forward, backward, left and right autonomously. Therefore, the four-wheeled mobile platform can move freely and use the best path planning to reach the specified location. For the four-wheeled mobile platform, the core of the control is the use of a 32-bit microcontroller that transmits control signals to the wheel and arm motors via motor drivers. Ultrasonic sensors are used as inputs for fuzzy control, Hall sensors are used to obtain the current motion state, and the PIDNN (Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network) controller signal is used to maintain the desired speed.
We use the A-star algorithm to design the optimal path. The experimental site uses QR codes as marker points at each turn so that the four-wheeled mobile platform can know its position and execute the corresponding commands. Finally, the platform will be validated through experiments. The experimental results show that the four-wheeled mobile platform is able to perform the grasping task with the best path and reach the target location.
[1] S. Vechet, J. Krejsa, and K.-S. Chen, "AGVs mission control support in smart factories by decision networks," in 2020 19th International Conference on Mechatronics-Mechatronika (ME), IEEE, pp. 1-4,2020.
[2] Kiva 機器人,from https://technews.tw/2019/01/25/amazon-built-an- electronic-vest-to-improve-worker-robot-interactions/
[3] W. Chun-Fu, W. Xiao-Long, C. Qing-Xie, C. Xiao-Wei, and L. Guo-Dong, "Research on visual navigation algorithm of AGV used in the small agile warehouse," in 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), IEEE, pp. 217-222, 2017.
[4] K. Kodagoda, W. S. Wijesoma, and E. K. Teoh, "Fuzzy speed and steering control of an AGV," IEEE Transactions on control systems technology, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 112-120, 2002
[5] B. Sha, L. Zhu, Y. Zhu, and J. Cheng, "Path Planning of Agv Complex Environment Based on Ant Colony Algorithm," in 2022 International Seminar on Computer Science and Engineering Technology (SCSET), IEEE, pp. 72-75, 2022.
[6] Y. Chen, Y. Wu, and H. Xing, "A complete solution for AGV SLAM integrated with navigation in modern warehouse environment," in 2017 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), 2017: IEEE, pp. 6418-6423.
[7] S. Su, H. Dai, S. Cheng, and Z. Chen, "Improved magnetic guidance approach for automated guided vehicles by error analysis and prior knowledge," IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 6843-6852, 2020.
[8] E. Jung, H. Cho, J. Do, J. Kim, and S. Kim, "Implementation of laser navigation system using particle filter," in 2011 11th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, pp. 1636-1638, 2011: IEEE.
[9] C. Zhou and X. Liu, "The study of applying the AGV navigation system based on two dimensional bar code," in 2016 International Conference on Industrial Informatics-Computing Technology, Intelligent Technology, Industrial Information Integration (ICIICII), pp. 206-209, 2016: IEEE.
[10] 各個引導方式優缺點比較,from https://read01.com/zh-tw/zGj46K.html#.Yv8l2XZBw2w
[11] J. L. Martinez, A. Mandow, J. Morales, S. Pedraza, and A. Garcia-Cerezo, “Approximating kinematics for tracked mobile robots”, Int. J. Robot. Res., vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 867–878, Oct. 2005
[12] .A. Mandow, J. L. Martłnez, J. Morales, J. Blanco, and A. J. GarcłaCerezo, J. Gonzalez, “Experimental kinematics for wheeled skid-steer mobile robots”,Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst., San Diego, CA, pp. 1222–1227, 2007
[13] Jingang Yi,Dezhen Song, Junjie Zhang and Zane Goodwin, "Adaptive Trajectory Tracking Control of Skid-Steered Mobile Robots",Robotics and Automation, 2007.IEEE International Conference pp.2605-2610, 2007
[14] Z. Song, Y. H. Zweiri, and L. D. Seneviratne, “Nonlinear observer for slip estimation of skid-steering vehicles”,Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom., Orlando, FL, pp. 1499–1504, 2006
[15] J. Y. Wong, Theory of Ground Vehicles, 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 2001.
[16] Wei Yu, Oscar Ylaya Chuy, Jr, Emmanuel G. Collins, Jr and Patrick Hollis, "Analysis and Experimental Verification for Dynamic Modeling of A Skid-Steered Wheeled Vehicle, " in IEEE Transactions On Robotics, vol. 26, No. 2, 2010, pp. 340-353
[17] B. Xu and D. Wang, "Magnetic locating AGV navigation based on kalman filter and PID control," in 2018 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), 2018: IEEE, pp. 2509-2512.
[18] Y. Wu, J. Wang, X. Yin, and H. Zhao, "Study for AGV Trajectory Control by Using Fuzzy Reasoning," in 2008 Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, vol. 3: IEEE, pp. 245-248, 2008.
[19] ] X. Li, C. Luo, Y. Xu, and P. Li, "A Fuzzy PID controller applied in AGV control system," in 2016 International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM), 2016: IEEE, pp. 555-560.
[20] D. Rachmawati, P. Sihombing, and B. Halim, "Implementation of best first search algorithm in determining best route based on traffic jam level in medan city," in 2020 International Conference on Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Business Analytics (DATABIA), 2020: IEEE, pp. 5-12.
[21] D. Li and K. Niu, "Dijkstra's algorithm in AGV," in 2014 9th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, pp. 1867-1871, 2014: IEEE.
[22] M. Kusuma and C. Machbub, "Humanoid robot path planning and rerouting using A-Star search algorithm," in 2019 IEEE International Conference on Signals and Systems (ICSigSys), 2019: IEEE, pp. 110-115.
[23] A. Hentout, A. Tiberkak, A. Maoudj, L. Berkat, and A. Abeb, "Virtual pheromone-based approach for objects searching in RFID-based cyber-physical robotic systems," in 2018 International Conference on Applied Smart Systems (ICASS), pp. 1-7, 2018: IEEE.
[24] A. Candra, M. A. Budiman, and K. Hartanto, "Dijkstra's and A-Star in Finding the Shortest Path: a Tutorial," in 2020 International Conference on Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Business Analytics (DATABIA), IEEE, pp. 28-32, 2020.
[25] Y. Yongquan, H. Ying, and Z. Bi, "A PID neural network controller," in Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003., 2003, vol. 3: IEEE, pp. 1933-1938.
[26] PIDNN,from https://patents.google.com/patent/CN104235820A/zh