本論文探討荀貝格(Arnold Schoenberg, 1874-1951)的十二音作曲法之研究，透過梳理荀貝格的猶太裔身份，逐一闡述其「宗教觀」影響了「音樂觀」；並藉由神劇《雅各的天梯》之創作歷程，顯明荀貝格在發展、創新此作曲法之階段所遇困難、挑戰。另外，也藉由荀貝格另一作品──歌劇《摩西與亞倫》作比較，說明十二音作曲法邁向成熟之歷程。
內文依序由荀貝格簡介及其猶太觀，荀貝格受其影響之哲學思潮、音樂觀、藝術觀，逐一探討。此外，透過神劇《雅各的天梯》之文本分析，說明其中的宗教觀點、整全觀點；而亦藉由神劇《雅各的天梯》之音樂分析，聚焦十二音作曲法，並揭示其中不易之處，進而從雛形樣貌延伸至成熟之路徑。

This thesis explores the study of Arnold Schoenberg’s (1874-1951) twelve-tone method. By analyzing Schoenberg’s Jewish identity, it explains one by one the influence of his “religious view” on his “musical view”, and through the creation of the Oratorio “Die Jakobsleiter”, it shows the difficulties and challenges that Schoenberg encountered in developing and innovating this compositional method. In addition, Schoenberg’s other work, the Opera “Moses und Aron”, is used as a comparison to illustrate the process of maturation of the twelve-tone method.
In order, the text explores Schoenberg’s introduction and his views on Judaism, as well as the philosophical, musical, and artistic influences on his compositions. In addition, the textual analysis of the Oratorio “Die Jakobsleiter” illustrates the religious and holistic perspectives; the musical analysis of Oratorio “Die Jakobsleiter” focuses on the twelve-tone method and reveals the difficulties involved in the process, and then extends it from its embryonic form to the path of maturity.

一、中文文獻
期刊或雜誌
顏綠芬、車炎江。〈超越十二音作曲法：論荀貝格創作中的宗教信仰與民族主義思維〉。《關渡音樂學刊》No. 17 (一月號，2013)，36。
論文
車炎江。〈荀貝格的音樂美學在聲樂作品中之實踐〉。國立臺北藝術大學音樂學系博士論文，2011。
李書旆。〈鏡像中歧異與超實在──叔本華美學研究〉。國立高雄師範大學美術學系碩士論文，2007。
林怡彣。〈論布洛赫「猶太系列」中的猶太精神象徵：以大提琴與管弦樂團的希伯來狂想曲《所羅門王》為例〉。天主教輔仁大學音樂學系博士論文，2019。
陳玟秀。〈再回猶太教？觀荀貝格歌劇摩西與亞倫中宗教融合的意涵〉。國立高雄師範大學音樂學系碩士論文，2016。
盧文雅。〈馬勒音樂中的世界觀意象〉。國立臺北藝術大學音樂學系博士論文，2007。
二、外文文獻
專書
Auner, Joseph. “A Schoenberg Reader: Documents of a Life”. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003.
Balzac, Honoré de. “Comédie Humaine”, translated by Katharine Prescott Wormeley. Kessinger, 2005.
Cross, Charlotte M., and Berman, Russell A., “Political and Religious Idea in the Works of Arnold Schoenberg”. Routledge, 2016.
Dahlhaus, Carl. “Schoenberg and the New Music”. Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Dahlhaus, Carl. “Between Romanticism and Modernism”. University of California Press, 1989.
Freitag, Eberhard. “Arnold Schönberg”. Rowohlt Taschenbuch, 1974.
Hailey, Christopher. “A Cultural Biography”. Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Kandinsky, Wassily. “On the spiritual in Art”. Dover, 1912.
Lebrecht, Norman. “The Book of Musical Anecdotes”. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985.
Macdonald, Malcolm. “Schoenberg”. Oxford University Press, 1976.
Mussat, Marie. “Musical Tracks of the Twentieth Century”. Klincksieck, 2002.
Newlin, Dika. “Schoenberg Remembered: Diaries and Recollections, 1938-1976”. Pendragon, 1980.
Ross, Alex. “The Rest Is Noise: Listening to the Twentieth Century”. New York, 2007.
Ringer, Alexander L., “Arnold Schoenberg: The Composer as Jew”. Clarendon Press, 1990.
Sterne, Colin S., “Arnold Schoenberg: the Composer as Numerologist”. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen, 1993.
Saliers, Don E., “Music and Theology”. Abingdon Press, 2007.
Stuckenschmidt, Hans Heinz. “Schoenberg: His Life, World and Work”, translated by Humphrey Searle. New York: Schirmer Books, 1977.
Schoenberg, Arnold. “Style and Idea”, edited by Leonard Stein. New York: St. Martins, 1975.
Schopenhauer, Arthur. “Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung” volume III. Frankfurt, 1859.
Schoenberg, Arnold. “Die Jakobsleiter”. Wein, 1985.
Simms, Bryan. “The Atonal Music of Arnold Schoenberg: 1908-1923”. Oxford University Press, 2000.
White, Pamela C., “Schoenberg and God-idea: The Opera Moses und Aron”. UMI Research Press, 1985.
期刊或雜誌
DeVoto, Mark. Arnold Schoenberg and Judaism: The Harder Road HUC Research Press (1993): 8.
Ringer, Alexander. “Arnold Schoenberg and the Prophetic Image in Music” in: Journal of the Arnold Schoenberg Institute Volume I, No.1 (1979): 37-38.
Stein, Leonard. Foreword: Schoenberg’s Jewish Identity in: Journal of the Arnold Schoenberg Institute Volume III, No.1 (1979): 3-9.
Tarsi, Boaz. “Manifestations of Arnold Schoenberg’s Abstract Versus Concrete Dichotomy” Oxford University Press (2001): Abstract.
論文
Christensen, Jean Marie. ‘Arnold Schoenberg’s Oratorio Die Jakobsleiter’. UCLA doctoral dissertation, 1979.
Shapiro, Roseline. ‘From the Ladder to the Mountain: Arnold Schoenberg’s Religious Odyssey’. University of Natal doctoral dissertation, 1998.
書信
Schoenberg, Arnold. Wassily Kandinsky: Letters, Pictures and Documents, edited by Jelena Hahl-Koch, trans. John C. Crawford. London; Boston: Faber & Faber, 1984.
Stein, Erwin. Arnold Schoenberg: Letters, translated by Eithne Wilkins, Ernst Kaiser. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987.
三、網路資料
荀貝格中心。https://www.schoenberg.at/index.php/en/. 2024；摘錄於21 February 2024。
Balzac, Honoré de. Chapter 5 ‘Farewell’ of “Seraphita”, translated by Katharine Prescott Wormeley, in the Project Gutenberg E-book https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1432/1432.txt. 2024；摘錄於14 March 2024。
四、樂譜
Schoenberg, Arnold. “Die Jakobsleiter”. Belmont Music Publishers, 1917-1922.
Schoenberg, Arnold. “Moses und Aron”. Schott, 1930-1932.