簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 劉家呈
Liu, Jia-Cheng
論文名稱: 探討體感互動遊戲對幼兒數學學習、動作技能及執行功能影響之研究
指導教授: 蕭顯勝
Hsiao, Hsien-Sheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 科技應用與人力資源發展學系
Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 162
中文關鍵詞: 體感互動遊戲數學學習動作技能執行功能
英文關鍵詞: Gesture interactive game, Math learning, Motor skill, Executive function
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202000149
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:332下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 近年來體感互動遊戲(Gesture interactive game)應用於教學上日增月異。體感互動遊戲可以提供良好的虛擬情境學習、手勢識別與肢體動作。由於肢體動對於幼兒動作技能、學習成效及執行功能的影響非常重要。其中,動作技能(Motor skill)(穩定性、操作性、移動性)能有助於學習者加深印象且提升學習成效,另外,動作控制與大腦執行功能(Executive function)(工作記憶、抑制控制、認知靈活性)二者具有相關性。幼兒早期對於數學學習的發展,攸關於未來生活與學習非常重要,故若能將體感互動遊戲應用於幼兒數學學習上,對於幼兒之數學學習效益定有極大幫助。因此,將遊戲式學習模型IPO(Input Process Output)建置於體感互動遊戲中,透過一系列的教學內容設計、執行及學習成效評估,藉此方式提升幼兒對數學學習、動作技能及執行功能的成果。
    本研究規劃與發展體感互動遊戲之數學教學課程。採準實驗設計法,自變項為透過不同教學方式(體感互動遊戲、傳統教學)兩種:依變項為數學學習成效、動作技能、執行功能對象為幼兒園大班(五至六歲)幼兒,共62位學習者。研究結果為:(1)運用遊戲式學習模型於體感互動遊戲能有效的提升數學學習(加減法知識);(2)運用遊戲式學習模型於體感互動遊戲能有效的提升動作技能的穩定性(單腳站、二腳前後站、走直線、倒退走直線)、移動性(躍馬步、跨步跳、雙腳左右來回跳);(3) 運用遊戲式學習模型於體感互動遊戲能有效的提升執行功能的認知靈活性(顏色反應時間)。研究建議為:(1)幼兒喜愛聽童話故事,建議未來遊戲設計上,多加入不同熱門童話故事;(2)教學實驗可先讓幼兒進行試玩,能降低認知負荷,減少幼兒緊張、害羞等影響學習狀況;(3)教學環境,由於各地區幼兒園環境大小不同,導致幼兒動作技能與執行功能有所不同,有待未來研究進行探討。

    Gesture interactive games have been applied to teaching in recent years. It can provide good virtual situation learning, gesture recognition and body movements. The impact of gesture on preschooler’s motor skills, learning effectiveness and executive function are very important. Among them, motor skills (stability, object manipulation, mobility) can help learners make a deeper impression and improve learning effectiveness. In addition, motion skills and executive function are closely correlated (working memory, inhibition control, cognitive flexibility). The development of mathematics learning is very important for future life and learning. Therefore, if gesture interactive games can be applied to preschooler, it will be of great help to preschooler’s mathematical learning. The game-based learning model, called IPO (Input Process Output), is used in the gesture interactive games. Through a series of teaching content design, implementation and learning effectiveness evaluation, the study aims for improving the outcomes of mathematics learning, motor skills and executive function by the gesture interactive games.
    In this study, we plan and develop mathematics teaching courses for gesture interactive games. The subject is children (five to six years old), a total of 62 learners, adopting the quasi-experimental design. The independent variables are two different teaching methods (gesture interactive games and traditional teaching). The dependent variables are math learning effectiveness, motor skills executive functions The research results are: (1) the use of game-based learning model in gesture interactive games can effectively improve mathematical learning (addition and subtraction knowledge); (2) the use of game-based learning model in gesture interactive games can effectively improve the stability of motor skills (single leg stand, two leg stand back and forth, walking straight, backward walking straight), mobility (jumping, step jumping, jumping left and right with both feet); (3) using game-based learning model in gesture interactive games can effectively improve the cognitive flexibility of executive functions (color response time).
    Based on the above results, there are three research suggestions:(1) preschooler’s like to listen to fairy tales, and it is recommended that in the future game design, different popular fairy tales be added; (2) teaching experiments can allow preschooler’s to try out first, which can reduce cognitive load, reduce preschooler’s tension, shyness, etc. (3) The teaching environment, due to the size of the kindergarten environment in each region, leads to differences in preschooler’s motor skills and executive functions, which needs to be explored in the future.

    誌  謝 I 中文摘要 III ABSTRACT V 目 錄 VII 表 次 IX 圖 次 XII 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 5 第三節 待答問題 6 第四節 研究範圍與限制 7 第五節 研究流程 9 第六節 名詞解釋 11 第二章 文獻探討 15 第一節 體感互動遊戲 15 第二節 動作技能 23 第三節 執行功能 28 第四節 幼兒數學學習 33 第五節 文獻評析 38 第三章 研究方法 39 第一節 研究架構 39 第二節 研究對象 42 第三節 研究設計與實施 43 第四節 教學活動 47 第五節 體感互動遊戲設計 64 第六節 研究工具 69 第七節 資料處理與分析 77 第四章 研究結果與討論 79 第一節 不同教學方式對數學學習成效之影響 79 第二節 不同教學方式對動作技能之影響 82 第三節 不同教學方式對執行功能之影響 100 第五章 結論與建議 109 第一節 結論 109 第二節 建議 114 參考文獻 117 一、中文部分 117 二、外文部分 120 附 錄 135 附錄一 運用遊戲式學習模型於體感互動遊戲之數學教學課程 137 附錄二 運用傳統教學於數學活動課程 141 附錄三 魏氏兒童智力量表第四版(中文版) 145 附錄四 抑制控制成績紀錄 146 附錄五 認知靈活性成績紀錄 147 附錄六 數學學習測驗卷 148 附錄七 體感互動遊戲流程詳細分鏡表 154

    一、 中文部分

    王珮玲(2011)。幼兒發展評量與輔導。台北市:心理出版社。

    王駿濠、張哲千、梁衍明、邱文聲、洪蘭、曾志朗、阮啟弘(2012)。運動對孩童認知功能及學業表現的影響:文獻回顧與展望。教育科學研究期刊,57(2),65-94。

    台北政府衛生局(2017)。臺北市學齡前兒童發展檢核表。取自https://health.gov.taipei/News_Content.aspx?n=890BB287E6A590F0&sms=FEDD3204A66CD37D&s=341720F573D7CFC9

    台北慈濟醫院(2014)。0~6歲兒童發展里程碑。取自https://app.tzuchi.com.tw/a_f/f_tp/tp_xd/CR_default.aspx#

    林朝鳳(1986)。皮亞傑的認知發展理論及其在幼兒教育上的意義。師大學報,31,75-105。
    姚雯文、王智惠、楊嘉惠、鍾梅華(2017)。繪本教學對幼兒數量保留概念之影響。幼兒教保研究,19,75-106。

    張春興(2007)。教育心理學:三化取向的理論與實踐 (重修二版)。臺北市,東華書局。

    張靜文、張麗芬(2014)。幼兒幾何圖形辨識之研究。教育研究學報,48(2),101-125。

    張麗芬(2011)。幼兒對加法計算問題圖畫表徵之研究。幼兒保育論壇,6,19-38。

    張麗芬、林毓芬(2012)。幼兒數學圖畫表徵之研究。屏東教育大學學報,39,1-34。

    陳姿佑、蔡雅如、翁兆言(2017)。獨立學習和教學引導幼兒數概念與內在動機之影響-以互動式電子繪本為例。朝陽人文社會學刊,15(2),61-81。

    陳品華、陳俞君(2006)。幼稚園教師數概念教學知識之研究。當代教育研究,14(2),81-118。

    陳珮雯(2018)。認識幼兒園-五大幼托體系完全解析。親子天下雜誌,3。取自https://www.parenting.com.tw/article/5026416-%E8%AA%8D%E8%AD%98%E5%B9%BC%E5%85%92%E5%9C%92%E2%94%80%E2%94%80%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%BC%E6%89%98%E9%AB%94%E7%B3%BB%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90/

    教育部(2017)。幼兒園教保活動課程大綱。臺北市:教育部。

    陶淑瑗、莊宗嚴(2017)。結合體感互動於國小五年級自然與生活科技領域之悅趣化學習的探究。數位學習科技期刊,9(3),115-136。

    黃銘智、劉嫚妮、高鈺涵、黃肅純(2009)。以電腦視覺開發體感互動遊戲於國小自閉症學童多媒體教材之研究。人因工程學刊,10(2),1-10。

    黃琡懿、鍾靜(2016)。用繪本學數學—以中年級為例。臺灣數學教師,37(2),1-16。

    莊美玲(2015)。繪本在幼兒園數學創意教學的應用研究。正修學報,28,293-302。

    許義雄譯,原著者:Gallahue,D.L.(2004)。兒童發展與身體教育。台北:麥格羅.希爾出版社。

    曾玉華(2000)。幼兒運動能力測驗方法編製意見研究-以幼教科系教師為例。北體學報,8,41-54。

    楊淑朱、林淑蓉、蔡佳燕(2014)。不同性別,年齡及BMI之幼童在基本動作技能發展的比較。大專體育學刊,16(3),287-296。

    蔡福興、游光昭、蕭顯勝(2010)。影響數位遊戲式學習行為與學習遷移成效之因素探討。教育科學研究期刊,55(2),167-206。

    衛生福利部國民健康署(2016)。兒童健康手冊:兒童發展連續圖,取自https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=1141&pid=6588

    廖泰倫(2006)。發展概念漫畫融入國小自然課程教學之研究-以奇妙的光單元為例(未出版碩士論文)。國立花蓮教育大學,花蓮縣。

    盧姝如、劉英傑、莊英君、彭正平(2012)。體感互動遊戲應用於國小閩南語鄉土語言課程教學之研究。課程與教學季刊,15 (2),169-192。

    二、外文部分

    Aadland, K. N., Moe, V. F., Aadland, E., Anderssen, S. A., Resaland, G. K., & Ommundsen, Y. (2017). Relationships between physical activity, sedentary time, aerobic fitness, motor skills and executive function and academic performance in children. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 12, 10-18.

    Adolph, K. E. (2005, April). Learning to learn in the development of action. In Action as an organizer of learning and development: The 32nd Minnesota Symposium on Child Development (pp. 91-122).

    Alibali, M. W., & Nathan, M. J. (2012). Embodiment in mathematics teaching and learning: Evidence from learners' and teachers' gestures. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 21(2), 247-286.

    Alibali, M. W., Nathan, M. J., Wolfgram, M. S., Church, R. B., Jacobs, S. A., Johnson Martinez, C., & Knuth, E. J. (2014). How teachers link ideas in mathematics instruction using speech and gesture: A corpus analysis. Cognition and Instruction, 32(1), 65-100.

    Allan, N. P., Hume, L. E., Allan, D. M., Farrington, A. L., & Lonigan, C. J. (2014). Relations between inhibitory control and the development of academic skills in preschool and kindergarten: a meta-analysis. Developmental Psychology, 50(10), 23-68.

    Altanis, G., Boloudakis, M., Retalis, S., & Nikou, N. (2013). Children with motor impairments play a kinect learning game: first findings from a pilot case in an authentic classroom environment. J Interact Design Architect, 19, 91-104.

    Arnsten, A., Mazure, C. M., & Sinha, R. (2012). Neural circuits responsible for conscious self-control are highly vulnerable to even mild stress. When they shut down, primal impulses go unchecked and mental paralysis sets in. Scientific American, 306(4), 48-53.

    Aron, A. R. (2008). Progress in executive-function research: From tasks to functions to regions to networks. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(2), 124-129.

    Barenberg, J., Berse, T., & Dutke, S. (2011). Executive functions in learning processes: do they benefit from physical activity?. Educational Research Review, 6(3), 208-222.

    Baroody, A. J., Lai, M. L., & Mix, K. S. (2006). The development of young children’s early number and operation sense and its implications for early childhood education. Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, 2, 187-221.

    Barsalou, L. W. (2010). Grounded cognition: Past, present, and future. Topics in Cognitive Science, 2(4), 716-724.

    Bassok, D., Latham, S., & Rorem, A. (2016). Is kindergarten the new first grade?. AERA Open, 2(1), 1-31.

    Becker, S. A., Cummins, M., Davis, A., Freeman, A., Hall, C. G., & Ananthanarayanan, V. (2017). NMC horizon report: 2017 Higher Education Edition (pp. 1-60). The New Media Consortium.

    Berns, A., Gonzalez-Pardo, A., & Camacho, D. (2013). Game-like language learning in 3-D virtual environments. Computers & Education, 60(1), 210-220.

    Berry, D. (2012). Inhibitory control and teacher–child conflict: Reciprocal associations across the elementary-school years. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 33(1), 66-76.

    Best, J. R. (2010). Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function: Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise. Developmental Review, 30(4), 331-351.

    Best, J. R., Miller, P. H., & Naglieri, J. A. (2011). Relations between executive function and academic achievement from ages 5 to 17 in a large, representative national sample. Learning and Individual Differences, 21(4), 327-336.

    Blair, C. (2016). Developmental science and executive function. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 25(1), 3-7.

    Blair, C., & Raver, C. C. (2015). School readiness and self-regulation: A developmental psychobiological approach. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 711-731.

    Brush, L. R. (1978). Preschool children's knowledge of addition and subtraction. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 9, 44-54.

    Cameron, C. E. (2018). Hands on, Minds on: How Executive Function, Motor, and Spatial Skills Foster School Readiness. Teachers College Press. New York City, NY.

    Cameron, C. E., Brock, L. L., Hatfield, B. E., Cottone, E. A., Rubinstein, E., LoCasale-Crouch, J., & Grissmer, D. W. (2015). Visuomotor integration and inhibitory control compensate for each other in school readiness. Developmental Psychology, 51(11), 15-29.

    Cameron, C. E., Brock, L. L., Murrah, W. M., Bell, L. H., Worzalla, S. L., Grissmer, D., & Morrison, F. J. (2012). Fine motor skills and executive function both contribute to kindergarten achievement. Child Development, 83(4), 1229-1244.

    Cameron, C. E., Cottone, E. A., Murrah, W. M., & Grissmer, D. W. (2016). How are motor skills linked to children's school performance and academic achievement?. Child Development Perspectives,10(2), 93-98.

    Campos, J. J., Anderson, D. I., Barbu-Roth, M. A., Hubbard, E. M., Hertenstein, M. J., & Witherington, D. (2000). Travel broadens the mind. Infancy, 1(2), 149-219.

    Cantin, R. H., Gnaedinger, E. K., Gallaway, K. C., Hesson-McInnis, M. S., & Hund, A. M. (2016). Executive functioning predicts reading, mathematics, and theory of mind during the elementary years. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 146, 66-78.

    Carlson, S. M., & White, R. E. (2013). Executive function, pretend play, and imagination. The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Imagination, 161-174.

    Cartwright, K. B., Coppage, E. A., Lane, A. B., Singleton, T., Marshall, T. R., & Bentivegna, C. (2017). Cognitive flexibility deficits in children with specific reading comprehension difficulties. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 50, 33-44.

    Chang, C. Y., Chien, Y. T., Chiang, C. Y., Lin, M. C., & Lai, H. C. (2013). Embodying gesture‐based multimedia to improve learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(1), E5-E9.

    Chhor, J., Gong, Y., & Rau, P. L. P. (2017, July). Breakout: design and evaluation of a serious game for health employing intel realSense. In International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design (pp. 531-545). Springer, Cham.

    Clark, J. E. (2005). From the beginning: a developmental perspective on movement and mobility. Quest, 57(1), 37-45.

    Cleland, F. E., & Gallahue, D.L. (1993).Young children’s divergent movement ability.Perceptual and Motor Skills, 77, 35-44.

    Clements, D. H., Sarama, J., & DiBiase, A. M. (2003). Engaging young children in mathematics: Standards for Early Childhood Mathematics Education. Routledge, NJLawrence Erlbaum.

    Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis jbr the behavioral. Sciences. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 18-74.

    Connolly, T. M., Stansfield, M., & Hainey, T. (2011). An alternate reality game for language learning: ARGuing for multilingual motivation. Computers & Education, 57(1), 1389-1415.

    Cragg, L., & Gilmore, C. (2014). Skills underlying mathematics: The role of executive function in the development of mathematics proficiency. Trends in Neuroscience and Education, 3(2), 63-68.

    Doebel, S., & Zelazo, P. D. (2013). Bottom-up and top-down dynamics in young children's executive function: Labels aid 3-year-olds’ performance on the dimensional change card sort. Cognitive Development, 28(3), 222-232.

    Duncan, G. J., Dowsett, C. J., Claessens, A., Magnuson, K., Huston, A. C., Klebanov, Pamela, P.L., Feinstein, L,E., Mimi, B.G & Sexton, H. (2007). School readiness and later achievement. Developmental Psychology, 43(6), 1428.

    Er, S. (2013). Using total physical response method in early childhood foreign language teaching environments. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1766-1768.

    Fuhs, M. W., Nesbitt, K. T., Farran, D. C., & Dong, N. (2014). Longitudinal associations between executive functioning and academic skills across content areas. Developmental Psychology, 50(6), 16-98.

    Garris, R., Ahlers, R., & Driskell, J. E. (2002). Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model. Simulation & Gaming, 33(4), 441-467.

    Gallahue, D. L., Ozmun, J. C., & Goodway, J. (2006). Understanding motor development: Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults (pp. 248-270). Boston: Mcgraw-hill.

    Gashaj, V., Oberer, N., Mast, F. W., & Roebers, C. M. (2019). Individual differences in basic numerical skills: The role of executive functions and motor skills. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 182, 187-195.

    Gashaj, V., Oberer, N., Mast, F. W., & Roebers, C. M. (2018). The relation between executive functions, fine motor skills, and basic numerical skills and their relevance for later mathematics achievement. Early Education and Development, 30(7),1-14.

    Ge, Z., & Fan, L. (2017). Social development for children with autism using kinect gesture games: A case study in Suzhou Industrial Park Renai School. In Simulation and Serious Games for Education (pp. 113-123). Springer, Singapore.

    Ghergulescu, I., & Muntean, C. H. (2014). Motivation monitoring and assessment extension for input-process-outcome game model. International Journal of Game-Based Learning (IJGBL), 4(2), 15-35.

    Ginsburg, H. (1989). Children's Arithmetic: How they learn it and how you teach it. Austin, TX: ProEd.

    Ginsburg, H. P., & Amit, M. (2008). What is teaching mathematics to young children? A theoretical perspective and case study. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29(4), 274-285.

    Ginsburg, H. P., Choi, Y. E., Lopez, L. S., Netley, R., & Chi, C. Y. (1997). Happy birthday to you: Early mathematical thinking of Asian, South American and US children. Learning and Teaching Mathematics: An International Perspective, 163-207.

    Golden, C. J.(1978). Stroop color and word test. Chicago, IL Stoelting.

    Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J. A., Princiotta, D., & Otero, T. M. (2014). Introduction: A history of executive functioning as a theoretical and clinical construct. In Handbook of Executive Functioning (pp. 3-12). Springer, New York, NY.

    Harris, J. G., & Llorente, A. M. (2005). Cultural considerations in the use of the wechsler intelligence scale for children—fourth edition (WISC-IV). In WISC-IV Clinical Use and Interpretation (pp. 381-413). Academic Press.

    Haywood, K. M., & Getchell, N. (2018). Life span motor development. Champaign, Illinois: Human kinetics.

    Hirsh-Pasek, K., Kochanoff, A., Newcombe, N. S., & De Villiers, J. (2005). Using scientific knowledge to inform preschool assessment: making the case for" empirical validity". Social Policy Report,19, 3-19.

    Hofsten, C. V. (2009). Action, the foundation for cognitive development. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 617-623.

    Hostetter, A. B. (2011). When do gestures communicate? A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 137(2), 297.

    Hostetter, A. B., & Alibali, M. W. (2008). Visible embodiment: Gestures as simulated action. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(3), 495-514.

    Houwen, S., Kamphorst, E., van der Veer, G., & Cantell, M. (2019). Identifying patterns of motor performance, executive functioning, and verbal ability in preschool children: A latent profile analysis. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 84, 3-15.

    Hsiao, H. S., & Chen, J. C. (2016). Using a gesture interactive game-based learning approach to improve preschool children's learning performance and motor skills. Computers & Education, 95, 151-162.

    Hsiao, H. S., Chen, J. C., & Hong, K. (2016). Building the vocational phase of the computerized motor skills testing system for use in the electronics and electrical engineering group and hospitality group. Interactive Learning Environments, 24(6), 1280-1297.

    Hsiao, H. S., Chen, J. C., Lin, C. Y., & Chen, W. N. (2018). The influence of a gesture-based learning approach on preschoolers’ learning performance, motor skills, and motion behaviors. Interactive Learning Environments, 26(7), 869-881.

    Hsu, C. N., Cheng, I. L., Chew, S. W., Wu, G. Y., Zhu, C. Y., Liu, P. Y., & Chen, N. S. (2016, July). Gesture-based learning for preschooler: A case study of teaching english alphabet and body parts vocabulary. In Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on (pp. 332-336). IEEE.

    Hu, F. T., Ginns, P., & Bobis, J. (2015). Getting the point: Tracing worked examples enhances learning. Learning and Instruction, 35, 85-93.

    Intel.(2017).RE: Intel RealSense Depth Camera D400-Series.Retrieved from https://software.intel.com/en-us/realsense/d400

    Jarrold, C., & Towse, J. N. (2006). Individual differences in working memory. Neuroscience, 139(1), 39-50.

    Jordan, N. C., Kaplan, D., Ramineni, C., & Locuniak, M. N. (2009). Early math matters: Kindergarten number competence and later mathematics outcomes. Developmental psychology, 45(3), 850.

    Keene, K. A., Rasmussen, C., & Stephan, M. (2012). Gestures and a chain of signification: The case of equilibrium solutions. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 24(3), 347-369.

    Lindsay, A. R., Dyrek, A. J., Blitstein, J. L., Byington, T., & Sigman-Grant, M. (2018). Interrater reliability of a field-based preschool movement skills assessment. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 50(10), 1040-1045.

    Lloyd, M., Saunders, T. J., Bremer, E., & Tremblay, M. S. (2014). Long-term importance of fundamental motor skills: A 20-year follow-up study. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 31(1), 67-78.

    Loprinzi, P. D., Davis, R. E., & Fu, Y. C. (2015). Early motor skill competence as a mediator of child and adult physical activity. Preventive Medicine Reports, 2, 833-838.

    Magistro, D., Bardaglio, G., & Rabaglietti, E. (2015). Gross motor skills and academic achievement in typically developing children: The mediating effect of ADHD related behaviours. Cognitie, Creier, Comportament/Cognition, Brain, Behavior, 19(2), 149-163.

    Mayer, R., & Mayer, R. E. (Eds.). (2005). The cambridge handbook of multimedia learning. Cambridge university press, New York.

    Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2003). Nine ways to reduce cognitive load in multimedia learning. Educational psychologist, 38(1), 43-52.

    McClelland, M. M., Acock, A. C., Piccinin, A., Rhea, S. A., & Stallings, M. C. (2013). Relations between preschool attention span-persistence and age 25 educational outcomes. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28(2), 314-324.

    McClelland, M. M., & Cameron, C. E. (2019). Developing together: The role of executive function and motor skills in children’s early academic lives. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 46, 142-151.

    McClelland, M. M., Cameron, C. E., Duncan, R., Bowles, R. P., Acock, A. C., Miao, A., & Pratt, M. E. (2014). Predictors of early growth in academic achievement: The head-toes-knees-shoulders task. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1-14.

    Meuwissen, A. S., & Zelazo, P. D. (2014). Hot and cool executive function: Foundations for learning and healthy development. Zero to Three, 35(2), 18-23.

    Müller, U., & Kerns, K. (2015). The development of executive function. Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, 7, 571-623.

    Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., ... & Sears, M. R. (2011). A gradient of childhood self-control predicts health, wealth, and public safety. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 2693-2698.

    Montoya, M. F., Susperreguy, M. I., Dinarte, L., Morrison, F. J., San Martin, E., Rojas-Barahona, C. A., & Förster, C. E. (2019). Executive function in chilean preschool children: Do short-term memory, working memory, and response inhibition contribute differentially to early academic skills?. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 46, 187-200.

    Morgan, P. L., Farkas, G., Wang, Y., Hillemeier, M. M., Oh, Y., & Maczuga, S. (2019). Executive function deficits in kindergarten predict repeated academic difficulties across elementary school. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 46, 20-32.

    National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (Ed.). (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics (Vol. 1). National Council of Teachers of, Reston, VAAuthor.

    National Research Council. (2001). Eager to learn: Educating our preschoolers. National Academies Press, Washington, DC.

    Nayfeld, I., Fuccillo, J., & Greenfield, D. B. (2013). Executive functions in early learning: Extending the relationship between executive functions and school readiness to science. Learning and Individual Differences, 26, 81-88.

    Nesbitt, K. T., Farran, D. C., & Fuhs, M. W. (2015). Executive function skills and academic achievement gains in prekindergarten: Contributions of learning-related behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 51(7), 865.

    Nesbitt, K. T., Fuhs, M. W., & Farran, D. C. (2019). Stability and instability in the co-development of mathematics, executive function skills, and visual-motor integration from prekindergarten to first grade. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 46, 262-274.

    Nguyen, T., & Duncan, G. J. (2019). Kindergarten components of executive function and third grade achievement: A national study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 46, 49-61.

    Novack, M., & Goldin-Meadow, S. (2015). Learning from gesture: How our hands change our minds. Educational Psychology Review, 27(3), 405-412.

    Orbbec(2019). Re: astra pro. retrieved from https://orbbec3d.com/product-astra-pro/

    Page, Z. E., Barrington, S., Edwards, J., & Barnett, L. M. (2017). Do active video games benefit the motor skill development of non-typically developing children and adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 20(12), 1087-1100.

    Parsons, S., & Bynner, J. (2005). Does numeracy matter more?. London, Insitute of Education.

    Piaget, J., & Inhelder, B. (1973). La psychologie de l’enfant [The psychology of the child; in French]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

    Ping, R. M., Goldin-Meadow, S., & Beilock, S. L. (2014). Understanding gesture: Is the listener’s motor system involved?. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(1), 195-204.

    Prensky, M. (2003). Digital game-based learning. Computers in Entertainment, 1(1), 21-21.

    Purpura, D. J., Baroody, A. J., & Lonigan, C. J. (2013). The transition from informal to formal mathematical knowledge: Mediation by numeral knowledge. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(2), 453.

    Purpura, D. J., Schmitt, S. A., & Ganley, C. M. (2017). Foundations of mathematics and literacy: The role of executive functioning components. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 153, 15-34.

    Schmitt, S. A., Geldhof, G. J., Purpura, D. J., Duncan, R., & McClelland, M. M. (2017). Examining the relations between executive function, math, and literacy during the transition to kindergarten: A multi-analytic approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 109(8), 1120-1140.

    Schmidt, M., Jäger, K., Egger, F., Roebers, C. M., & Conzelmann, A. (2015). Cognitively engaging chronic physical activity, but not aerobic exercise, affects executive functions in primary school children: a group-randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 37(6), 575-591.

    Schmitt, S. A., Purpura, D. J., & Elicker, J. G. (2019). Predictive links among vocabulary, mathematical language, and executive functioning in preschoolers. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 180, 55-68.

    Schneider, W., Bjorklund, D. F., & Valsiner, J. (2003). Memory and knowledge development. Handbook of Developmental Psychology, 370-403.

    Seewald, L. A., Rodrigues, V. F., Ollenschläger, M., Antunes, R. S., da Costa, C. A., da Rosa Righi, R., da Silveira Jr, L. G., Maier, A., Eskofier, B., & Fahrig, R. (2019). Toward analyzing mutual interference on infrared-enabled depth cameras. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 178, 1-15.

    Shakroum, M. A., Wong, K. W., & Fung, C. C. (2016). The effectiveness of the gesture-based learning system (GBLS) and its impact on learning experience. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 15, 191-210.

    Shakroum, M., Wong, K. W., & Fung, C. C. (2018). The influence of gesture-based learning system (GBLS) on learning outcomes. Computers & Education, 117, 75-101.

    Sheu, F. R., & Chen, N. S. (2014). Taking a signal: A review of gesture-based computing research in education. Computers & Education, 78, 268-277.

    Siegler, R. S., & Stern, E. (1998). Conscious and unconscious strategy discoveries: A microgenetic analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 127(4), 377-397.

    Skinner, R. A., & Piek, J. P. (2001). Psychosocial implications of poor motor coordination in children and adolescents. Human movement science, 20(1-2), 73-94.

    Smith, L., & Gasser, M. (2005). The development of embodied cognition: Six lessons from babies. Artificial Life, 11(1-2), 13-29.

    Steele, A., Karmiloff‐Smith, A., Cornish, K., & Scerif, G. (2012). The multiple subfunctions of attention: Differential developmental gateways to literacy and numeracy. Child Development, 83(6), 2028-2041.

    Sun, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Shih, C. L., Lin, C. H., & Wu, S. K. (2010). Development and initial validation of the preschooler gross motor quality scale. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(6), 1187-1196.

    Swanson, L., & Kim, K. (2007). Working memory, short-term memory, and naming speed as predictors of children's mathematical performance. Intelligence, 35(2), 151-168.

    Unity(2019). Re: unity technologies. retrieved from https://unity3d.com/unity/editor

    Van der Ven, S. H., Boom, J., Kroesbergen, E. H., & Leseman, P. P. (2012). Microgenetic patterns of children’s multiplication learning: Confirming the overlapping waves model by latent growth modeling. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 113(1), 1-19.

    Veldman, S. L., Santos, R., Jones, R. A., Sousa-Sá, E., & Okely, A. D. (2019). Associations between gross motor skills and cognitive development in toddlers. Early Human Development, 132, 39-44.

    Viterbori, P., Usai, M. C., Traverso, L., & De Franchis, V. (2015). How preschool executive functioning predicts several aspects of math achievement in grades 1 and 3: A longitudinal study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 140, 38-55.

    Von Hofsten, C. (2007). Action in development. Developmental Science, 10(1), 54-60.

    Wang, S. Y., Chang, S. C., Hwang, G. J., & Chen, P. Y. (2018). A microworld-based role-playing game development approach to engaging students in interactive, enjoyable, and effective mathematics learning. Interactive Learning Environments, 26(3), 411-423.

    Wasenius, N. S., Grattan, K. P., Harvey, A. L., Naylor, P. J., Goldfield, G. S., & Adamo, K. B. (2018). The effect of a physical activity intervention on preschoolers’ fundamental motor skills—A cluster RCT. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 21(7), 714-719.

    Welsh, J. A., Nix, R. L., Blair, C., Bierman, K. L., & Nelson, K. E. (2010). The development of cognitive skills and gains in academic school readiness for children from low-income families. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(1), 43.

    Westendorp, M., Hartman, E., Houwen, S., Smith, J., & Visscher, C. (2011). The relationship between gross motor skills and academic achievement in children with learning disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2773-2779.

    Willingham, D. B. (1998). A neuropsychological theory of motor skill learning. Psychological Review, 105(3), 558-584.

    Willoughby, M. T., Magnus, B., Vernon-Feagans, L., Blair, C. B., & Family Life Project Investigators. (2017). Developmental delays in executive function from 3 to 5 years of age predict kindergarten academic readiness. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 50(4), 359-372.

    Wood, A. P., Imai, S., McMillan, A. G., Swift, D., & DuBose, K. D. (2019). Physical activity types and motor skills in 3-5-year old children: National youth fitness survey. Journal of science and medicine in sport.

    Yamamori, K., Isoda, T., Hiromori, T., & Oxford, R. L. (2003). Using cluster analysis to uncover L2 learner differences in strategy use, will to learn, and achievement over time. IRAL, 41(4), 381-410.

    Yuan, R. Q., Hsieh, S. W., Chew, S. W., & Chen, N. S. (2015, October). The Effects of gesture-based technology on memory training in adaptive learning environment. In 2015 International Conference of Educational Innovation Through Technology (EITT) (pp. 190-193). IEEE.

    Zelazo, P. D. (2006). The Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS): A method of assessing executive function in children. Nature Protocols, 1(1), 297-301.

    Zelazo, P. D. (2015). Executive function: Reflection, iterative reprocessing, complexity, and the developing brain. Developmental Review, 38, 55-68.

    Zelazo, P. D., Blair, C. B., & Willoughby, M. T. (2016). Executive function: implications for education(NCER 2017-2000). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Research.

    Zelazo, P. D., Frye, D., & Rapus, T. (1996). An age-related dissociation between knowing rules and using them. Cognitive Development, 11, 37-63.

    Zeng, N., Johnson, S. L., Boles, R. E., & Bellows, L. L. (2019). Social-ecological correlates of fundamental movement skills in young children. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 8(2), 122-129.

    無法下載圖示 電子全文延後公開
    2025/12/31
    QR CODE